Blood Group and Human Diseases (Review of Literature)

Abstract

AB0 blood group antigens were discovered over a century ago; however, it is still important to study their role in development of various pathological conditions. Today it is known that antigenic determinants of this blood group are present not only on erythrocyte membrane but also on other cells and tissues: platelets, gastrointestinal epithelium and salivary glands, respiratory system cells. In the last decade, a large number of studies have appeared to reveal the relationship between a specific disease and blood group type, meta-analyses have been published. Previously, the authors have studied the metabolic status, cell composition and coagulation profile of clinically healthy individuals for more than on 180,000 donations, that allowed to identify group-specific features for each blood group. This review presents generalized data on the association of such pathological conditions as coronary heart disease, thromboembolic complications, tumors of various localizations, inflammatory and destructive oral diseases, psychiatric and some infectious diseases with the presence or absence of antigenic determinants A and B. Carriers of blood group 0 (I) are generally more resistant to diseases, with the exception of H.pylori-associated gastrointestinal diseases. Carriers of «antigenic» blood groups A (II), B (III), AB (IV) are more susceptible to development of infectious, cardiovascular and cancer diseases. The presented data demonstrate clinical significance of the definition of group typing not only for selection of blood and its components during transfusion and transplantation, but also for diagnostics, determination of risk group and tactics for treatment patients with different nosologies.

Infection and thrombosis associated with COVID-19: Possible role of the ABO blood group

“…The inheritance of ABH antigens is associated with a predisposition to certain diseases or the risk of infections. 3 There are studies that link group B with severe asthma, 6 while natural anti-A antibodies have been described as protective against certain infections. Group O has also been assigned a protective role against malaria, while group B is associated with a higher risk of severe malaria infection.…”

“…The presence of A and B antigens is associated with greater susceptibility to infections, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer, while group O is usually associated with greater resistance to diseases. 3 …”

Blood group and its correlation with cardiovascular risk factors: A community survey

“…19 Interestingly, the ABO 'blood group' antigens are not specific to blood cells, but are found in salivary glands, respiratory epithelium and the gastrointestinal epithelium and have been found to be determinants of non-cardiovascular diseases and malignancies. 20 These blood group antigens have been shown to exhibit wide functional diversity, being involved with transcellular transport, serving as structural proteins, enzymes and adhesion molecules, among others. 21 In post-menopausal women and hypertensive adults with cere- brovascular and cardiovascular disease, the A blood group was found by Wiggins et al 22 to confer increased odds of having ventricular tachycardia (OR:1.79; CI: 1.41-2.26) and myocardial infarction (OR:1.23; CI:1.05-1.44, as compared to O) while the B blood group had higher odds of both ventricular tachycardia (OR:1.82; CI:1.29-2.57) and ischaemic stroke (OR:1.59; CI:1.17-2.17).…”

The association of ABO blood types with host susceptibility to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

“…Blood group antigens represent polymorphic traits inherited among individuals and populations. Differences in blood group antigen expression can increase or decrease host susceptibility to many infectious diseases [ 4 , 8 ]. Here, we presented the relationship between ABO blood types and host susceptibility to HFRS infection.…”