Blood Group Cartography (ABO, RHESUS, KELL and DUFFY) and Hemogram of Icteric Newborn in Sendwe Hospital, Lubumbashi/D.R.C

Abstract

Background: Allo immunization jaundice is a common cause of neonatal jaundice. According to racial group the concerned blood group may not be the same. In our Country people are exposed to high transfusionnal risk because of malaria and sicklanemia and the blood group research in laboratory include only ABO/D. Objective: Our objective was to establish a blood group cartography of this icteric newborn population and their mother; the frequency of rare blood group and the compatibility level between mother and newborn. Our interest was also to study hemogram of this population. Methodology: We studied blood group ABO/D; RH/Kell and Duffy of 56 newborn whom developped an indirect bilirubin and their mothers. We performed bilrubin level and hemogram. Results: The frequency of icteric newborn was 17.17%. The mother blood mapping was O (60.71%), RhD positive (83.9%), C negative (91.07%) E negative (89.29%) c positive (91.07%), epositive (92.86%), kell negative (100%) and duffy null (100%). The most common phenotype was ccDee (67.9%) Neonatal was ex aequo O and B (37.50% respectivly), RH D positive (87.50%), RhC negative (87.50%), Rh E negative (89.29%), Rhc positive (96.43%), Rh e positive (96.43%), Kell negative (98.21%) and duffy null (100%), 75% of newborn had the phenotype ccDee. We noticed 9% of extremely rare blood group in maternal population. Mean level of bilirubin was 11.48 mg% at H48. Analyse of hemogram reveal a normocytic and normochromic anemia. Conclusions: Mapping blood group of this population reveal the importance of extended blood grouping in icteric newborn and their mother. Our population presents a blood group that is widely open to allo immunization in all studied blood group.