Blood lead levels in indigenous peoples living close to oil extraction areas in the Peruvian Amazon

O’Callaghan-Gordo, Cristina; Rosales, Jaime; Lizárraga, Pilar; Barclay, Frederica; Okamoto, Tami; Papoulias, Diana M.; Espinosa, Ana; Orta-Martínez, Martí; Kogevinas, Manolis; Astete, John

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106639

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Historically, these two basins have had relatively greater oil extraction activity and higher volumes of produced water released than the Pastaza and Marañón basins (discussed by O’Callaghan-Gordo et al. 3 ) Additional factors associated with elevated U-Cd included proximity of residences or vegetable gardens to oil spill sites and participation in oil spill remediation activities. Consumption of contaminated vegetables is a known route of exposure to cadmium, and high levels of cadmium in vegetables are associated with environmental conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study design was described in detail elsewhere. 3 Briefly, we followed a two-stage stratified random strategy to select study participants. Thirty-nine communities were selected and between 14% and 15% of families were randomly selected in each community.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used linear regression models of log-transformed variables, taking into account the multilevel study design. 3 Results were back-transformed and presented as geometric mean ratios with 95% confidence intervals [GMR (95% CI)], stratified by age using a threshold of 12 years of age. Associations were tested using the Wald test, and variables associated in individual models (

) were considered in multiple regression models.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the arrival of the oil companies to the area, the inhabitants of the area have shown concerns about the potential health effects of the environmental contamination caused in the area. High blood lead levels (

in 49% of children and in 60% of adults) were reported among the population of these river basins, 3 but there is no information on other metals. The primary aim of this study was to estimate concentrations of metals in urine of Indigenous People residing in four major river basins in oil concessions areas in Peru.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, and Mercury in Urine of Indigenous People Living Close to Oil Extraction Areas in the Peruvian Amazon

O’Callaghan-Gordo

Rosales

Lizárraga

et al. 2023

Environ Health Perspect

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

) were considered in multiple regression models.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, and Mercury in Urine of Indigenous People Living Close to Oil Extraction Areas in the Peruvian Amazon

O’Callaghan-Gordo

Rosales

Lizárraga

et al. 2023

Environ Health Perspect

Self Cite

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“…Another concern raised by participants was that technologies were disposed of into the river and natural, local environment due to inadequate waste disposal. Various studies conducted in the Peruvian Amazon have suggested that the discharge of lead by manufacturing, use, and disposal into the environment could be a potential source of lead blood contamination among Indigenous children [ 68 , 69 ]. This poses a significant environmental and health risk for communities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of design, implementation, acceptability, and potential for, biomedical technologies in the Peruvian Amazon

Bressan

Valdivia-Gago

Silvera-Ccallo

et al. 2022

Int J Equity Health

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Background Biomedical technologies have the potential to be advantageous in remote communities. However, information about barriers faced by users of technology in general and in remote Indigenous communities is scarce. The purpose of this study was to characterize the leading challenges faced by researchers who have used biomedical technologies in the Peruvian Amazon. Methods This exploratory, qualitative study with a phenomenological approach depicts the lived experience of participants who were researchers with experience working with biomedical technologies in the Peruvian Amazon in the past five years. Analysis was based on three core themes: design, implementation, and acceptability. Sub-themes included environment, community, and culture. Of the 24 potential participants identified and contacted, 14 agreed to participate, and 13 met inclusion criteria and completed semi-structured interviews. Results were sent to each participant with the opportunity to provide feedback and partake in a 30-minute validation meeting. Five participants consented to a follow-up meeting to validate the results and provide further understanding. Results Participants recognized significant challenges, including technologies designed out-of-context, difficulty transporting the technologies through the Amazon, the impact of the physical environment (e.g., humidity, flooding), and limited existing infrastructure, such as electricity and appropriately trained health personnel. Participants also identified cultural factors, including the need to address past experiences with technology and health interventions, understand and appropriately communicate community benefits, and understand the effect of demographics (e.g., age, education) on the acceptance and uptake of technology. Complementary challenges, such as corruption in authority and waste disposal, and recommendations for technological and health interventions such as co-design were also identified. Conclusions This study proposes that technological and health interventions without efforts to respect local cultures and health priorities, or understand and anticipate contextual challenges, will not meet its goal of improving access to healthcare in remote Amazon communities. Furthermore, the implications of corruption on health services, and improper waste disposal on the environment may lead to more detrimental health inequities.

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Identifying contamination of heavy metals in soils of Peruvian Amazon plain: use of multivariate statistical techniques

Espinoza-Guillen

Alderete-Malpartida

Escobar-Mendoza

et al. 2022

Environ Monit Assess

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Blood lead levels in indigenous peoples living close to oil extraction areas in the Peruvian Amazon

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, and Mercury in Urine of Indigenous People Living Close to Oil Extraction Areas in the Peruvian Amazon

Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, and Mercury in Urine of Indigenous People Living Close to Oil Extraction Areas in the Peruvian Amazon

Challenges of design, implementation, acceptability, and potential for, biomedical technologies in the Peruvian Amazon

Identifying contamination of heavy metals in soils of Peruvian Amazon plain: use of multivariate statistical techniques

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