Blood Levels of Monoamine Precursors and Smoking in Patients with Schizophrenia

Mathai, Ashwin J.; Kanwar, Jyoti; Okusaga, Olaoluwa; Fuchs, Dietmar; Lowry, Christopher A.; Peng, Xiaoqing; Giegling, Ina; Hartmann, Annette M.; Konte, Bettina; Friedl, Marion; Gragnoli, Claudia; Reeves, Gloria; Groër, Maureen; Rosenthal, Richard N.; Rujescu, Dan; Postolache, Teodor T.

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2016.00182

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Differences in amino acid levels did not remain significant after adjustment for smoking status. Conflicting data on the effect of smoking on monoamine metabolism ( 42 – 44 ) and the high proportion of smokers in our patient group vs. the low proportion in controls make the interpretation of these results difficult.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Markers of Inflammation and Monoamine Metabolism Indicate Accelerated Aging in Bipolar Disorder

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: A mild pro-inflammatory status accompanies bipolar disorder (BD). Inflammation can cause a shift in monoamine metabolism, thereby activating more cytotoxic pathways. The extent to which low-grade inflammation in BD interacts with monoamine metabolism and how this accords to aging and clinical course is unknown.Objectives: We evaluated the presence of alterations in inflammation and monoamine metabolism in BD throughout different mood states and the role of aging therein.Methods: Sixty-seven patients with BD were included during an acute mood episode, either depressive (n = 29), (hypo)manic (n = 29), or mixed (n = 9). Plasma levels of inflammatory markers [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFN-y), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP)] and markers of monoamine metabolism (neopterin, tryptophan, kynurenine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine) were measured repeatedly during a follow-up of 8 months. Levels in patients were compared to controls (n = 35) and correlated to HDRS-17 and YMRS scores. Spearman correlations and linear mixed model analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results: Forty-nine patients and 30 controls (age range: 22–62 years) completed the study. No significant differences in inflammatory markers were found between patients and controls overall. Tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine levels were lower in patients. In both patients and controls, markers of inflammation correlated only weakly with markers of monoamine metabolism, but correlations representative for activity of cytotoxic pathways in monoamine metabolism were more pronounced in patients. In patients, but not in controls, older age was associated with increases in inflammatory markers (IL-6, CRP, neopterin) and the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio. None of the biological markers correlated significantly with mood symptom severity.Conclusion: Our data suggest an increased susceptibility of patients with BD to develop a pro-inflammatory state and to shift monoamine metabolism toward more cytotoxic pathways. These findings are in support of the theory of neuroprogression and accelerated aging in BD. Since associations between biological markers and clinical characteristics are limited, it remains to be determined if alterations in biological markers are due to a disease effect or rather are a consequence of confounding factors.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Markers of Inflammation and Monoamine Metabolism Indicate Accelerated Aging in Bipolar Disorder

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… 52 An inhibitory effect of smoking on IDO has been reported and subsequent decreases KYN concentrations. 53 , 54 Even though, it is suggested that IDO activity is reduced by smoking, no increased TRP concentrations were found in the present study or in previous studies. 53 , 54 …”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Periconceptional Non-medical Maternal Determinants Influence the Tryptophan Metabolism: The Rotterdam Periconceptional Cohort (Predict Study)

van Zundert,

van Rossem,

Mirzaian

et al. 2024

Int J�Tryptophan�Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The vital role of the maternal tryptophan (TRP) metabolism in maternal health and pregnancy is well established. However, non-medical maternal determinants influencing the TRP metabolism have been poorly investigated. We hypothesise that periconceptional maternal non-medical determinants alter the TRP metabolism, affecting both kynurenine (KP) and serotonin pathway (SP) metabolite concentrations. Therefore, we investigated the influence of non-medical maternal determinants on the TRP metabolism during the periconception period. Methods: About 1916 pregnancies were included from the Rotterdam Periconceptional Cohort between November 2010 and December 2020. Data on periconceptional non-medical maternal determinants were collected through questionnaires. Serum samples were collected at 8.5 (SD = 1.6) weeks of gestation and TRP, kynurenine (KYN), 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine) and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) were determined using validated liquid chromatography (tandem) mass spectrometry. Mixed models were used to determine associations between periconceptional non-medical maternal determinants and these metabolites. Results: In total 11 periconceptional non-medical maternal determinants were identified. Protein intake was positively associated with TRP ( β = .12, 95% CI = 0.07-0.17), while age, energy intake and body mass index (BMI) ( β = −.24, 95% CI = −0.37 to −0.10) were negatively associated with TRP. Age, BMI and total homocysteine were associated with higher KYN, whereas non-western geographical origin was associated with lower KYN ( β = −.09, 95% CI = −0.16 to −0.03). Protein intake and total homocysteine ( β = .07, 95% CI = 0.03-0.11) had a positive association with 5-HTP, while a negative association was found for energy intake. A non-western geographical origin and drug use were associated with higher 5-HT, and BMI with lower 5-HT ( β = −6.32, 95% CI = −10.26 to −2.38). Age was positively associated with 5-HIAA ( β = .92, 95% CI = 0.29-1.56), and BMI negatively. Conclusions: Periconceptional non-medical maternal determinants, including age, geographical origin, drug use, energy and protein intake, BMI and total homocysteine, influence KP and SP metabolite concentrations.

show abstract

“…Naz et al found that in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, the level of kynurenine, which is the main product of tryptophan [ 44 ], decreased in smokers relative to never-smokers [ 38 ]. Mathai et al [ 45 ] reported that in schizophrenic patients, current smokers showed lower kynurenine levels than past smokers, which further elucidates the neurobiological underpinnings of altered kynurenine levels in smokers. In these studies, there were non-significant decreases in tryptophan levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untargeted Urinary Metabolomics and Children’s Exposure to Secondhand Smoke: The Influence of Individual Differences

Zhu

Abdullah

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Children’s exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is a severe public health problem. There is still a lack of evidence regarding panoramic changes in children’s urinary metabolites induced by their involuntary exposure to SHS, and few studies have considered individual differences. This study aims to clarify the SHS-induced changes in urinary metabolites in preschool children by using cross-sectional and longitudinal metabolomics analyses. Urinary metabolites were quantified by using untargeted ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC(c)-MS/MS). Urine cotinine-measured SHS exposure was examined to determine the exposure level. A cross-sectional study including 17 children in a low-exposure group, 17 in a medium-exposure group, and 17 in a high-exposure group was first conducted. Then, a before–after study in the cohort of children was carried out before and two months after smoking-cessation intervention for family smokers. A total of 43 metabolites were discovered to be related to SHS exposure in children in the cross-sectional analysis (false discovery rate (FDR) corrected p < 0.05, variable importance in the projection (VIP) > 1.0). Only three metabolites were confirmed to be positively associated with children’s exposure to SHS (FDR corrected p < 0.05) in a follow-up longitudinal analysis, including kynurenine, tyrosyl-tryptophan, and 1-(3-pyridinyl)-1,4-butanediol, the latter of which belongs to carbonyl compounds, peptides, and pyridines. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis indicated that 1-(3-pyridinyl)-1,4-butanediol and kynurenine were significantly enriched in xenobiotic metabolism by cytochrome P450 (p = 0.040) and tryptophan metabolism (p = 0.030), respectively. These findings provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanism of SHS and indicate the influence of individual differences in SHS-induced changes in urinary metabolites in children.

show abstract

Blood Levels of Monoamine Precursors and Smoking in Patients with Schizophrenia

Cited by 7 publications

References 58 publications

Markers of Inflammation and Monoamine Metabolism Indicate Accelerated Aging in Bipolar Disorder

Markers of Inflammation and Monoamine Metabolism Indicate Accelerated Aging in Bipolar Disorder

Periconceptional Non-medical Maternal Determinants Influence the Tryptophan Metabolism: The Rotterdam Periconceptional Cohort (Predict Study)

Untargeted Urinary Metabolomics and Children’s Exposure to Secondhand Smoke: The Influence of Individual Differences

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About