Blood Lipids and Incidence of Dyslipidemia in Patients with Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis and Pancreas Cancer

Abstract

Study Objective: to determine blood lipids and incidence of dyslipidemia in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP), chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreas cancer (PC), and to compare them. Study Design: observational multicentral single-arm cross section clinical case series. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 44 patients with AP, 97 patients with CP, 45 with PC; age and sex composition of groups was comparable. Blood lipids were measured using standard methods. Study Results. Hypercholesterolemia was more common in CP (58.8%), whereas in AP it was (40.9%, p = 0.049) or PC (15.6%, p = 0.000). The rate of hypertriglyceridemia was comparable. Hypoalphacholesterolemia was more common in PC (80.0%), whereas in AP it was (45.5%, p = 0.001) or CP (27.8%, p = 0.000). There is direct association between increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLP-C) per 1 mmol/L with CP risk (Exp (B) = 21.618; 95% CI: 4.741–98.582, p = 0.000) and invert association with PC risk (Exp (B) = 0.015; 95% CI: 0.002–0.092, p = 0.000). There is also a correlation between total cholesterol and pancreonecrosis and “specific” CP: increase of 1 mmol/L in total cholesterol results in pancreonecrosis risk reduction of 37.7% (Exp (B) = 0.623; 95% CI: 0.389–0.996, p = 0.048), “specific” CP — of 47.4% (Exp (B) = 0.526; 95% CI: 0.305–0.908, p = 0.021). Conclusion. Hypercholesterolemia was more often diagnosed in CP, hypoalphacholesterolemia — in PC; hypertriglyceridemia was comparable. There is a direct correlation between HDLP-C and PC and inverse correlation — with risk of pancreac cancer. Total cholesterol was reversely associated with the risk of pancreonecrosis and specific CP. The evidence determines the need in additional study of association between pancreatic diseases and blood lipids. Keywords: acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, dyslipidemia, blood lipids.