Blood metabolite concentrations in late pregnant ewes as indicators of nutritional status

O’Doherty, John V.; Crosby, T.F.

doi:10.1017/s1357729800009243

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Previous studies reported that CLW is a poor indicator of adequate ewe nutrition [43,44] with contradictory reports of the impact of modest (±20%) variations in late pregnancy energy intake on subsequent lamb birth weight [11,23]. However, studies reporting 35% differences in energy intake have reported differing lamb birth weights [45].…”

Section: Combined Litter Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Effects of Whole Crop Wheat Silage on Ewe Performance during Late Gestation Compared to Traditional Grass Silage across Three Prolific Breed Types

Higgins

Campion

Jones

et al. 2020

Animals

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Provision of adequate nutrient intake in late gestation of the ewe is an important determinant of dam and offspring performance. A 2 × 3 factorial design experiment examining two forage types, whole crop wheat silage (WCWS) or grass silage (GS) offered to one of three prolific breed types, (Belclare X, Lleyn X, Mule (Bluefaced Leicester × Blackface Mountain)), was conducted. Forage type had no impact on dry matter (DM) or metabolizable energy (ME) intake, body weight and body condition score change, or colostrum production (p > 0.05). Ewes offered WCWS had lower crude protein (CP) intake (p < 0.0001) and a lower combined litter weight (p < 0.05). Mule ewes consumed less DM, CP, (p < 0.05), and ME (p < 0.01) compared to Belclare X and Lleyn X ewes however, water intake per kg DM consumed did not differ with breed type (p > 0.05). Colostrum yield over the first 18 h postpartum was lower for Mule ewes compared to other breed types (p < 0.05). In conclusion, results from this study suggest nutrient concentration and balance as opposed to forage type is important for late gestation nutrition and breed type can impact feed intake and colostrum yield.

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Section: Combined Litter Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Effects of Whole Crop Wheat Silage on Ewe Performance during Late Gestation Compared to Traditional Grass Silage across Three Prolific Breed Types

Higgins

Campion

Jones

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…Concentrations of serum metabolites have been commonly utilized to determine the nutritional status of ruminants (Russel & Wright 1983). The effect of feed intake on glucose, NEFA, ketone compounds, triglycerides, b-hydroxybutyrate, albumin, globulin and urea (Patterson et al 1964;Grummer 1995;O'Doherty & Crosby 1998) have been investigated. Studies carried out in sheep and dairy cattle on serum concentrations of NEFA have shown that concentrations of these metabolites increase during periods of energy restriction and also before and after parturition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet composition, intake, plasma metabolites, reproductive and metabolic hormones during pregnancy in goats under semi-arid grazing conditions

et al. 2004

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The objective of the study was to determine the chemical composition of the diet, intake and plasma concentrations of glucose, urea and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) during pregnancy in goats grazing a thorn scrubland of the semi-arid region of North Mexico. Additionally, monthly changes during pregnancy of plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), growth hormone (GH), insulin (INS) and progesterone (P4) were also measured. A herd of 250 goats was bred in August and blood samples were collected from 12 goats at monthly intervals up to December to evaluate plasma glucose, urea, NEFA, LH, GH, INS and P4. Three goats fitted with oesophageal cannulae (38±1·7 kg BW) were used to obtain diet samples during pregnancy. Response variables were analysed by split-plot ANOVA for repeated measures on animals across time. When significant differences were observed among pregnancy months, multiple comparisons were performed using the PROC GLM-PDIFF option of SAS. The response variables organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose differed across pregnancy. Mean values for the whole period were (g/kg DM) 866 (OM), 149 (CP), 524 (NDF), 364 (ADF), 131 (lignin), 160 (hemicellulose), and 233 (cellulose). Mean values for dry matter intake (DMI, kg/day), metabolizable energy intake (MEI, MJ/day) and metabolizable protein intake (MPI, g/day) were 1·2, 8·9 and 74·0, respectively and were different among periods of sampling (P<0·05). Mean plasma glucose concentration was 41±4·3 mg/dl with no significant differences (P>0·05) across pregnancy. Plasma NEFA concentrations increased (P<0·05) at the end of pregnancy (August, 0·396 v. November, 1·27 mM/l). Plasma urea concentrations were higher (P<0·05) in August (26·3 mg/dl) and November (26·2 mg/dl). Serum urea concentrations were related to MPI (r=0·82, P=0·10) and to the undegraded protein absorbed from the duodenum (r=0·79; P=0·07), but not with the rumen NH3-N concentration (r=−0·25; P=0·68). Hormone plasma concentrations differed (P<0·05) across pregnancy. While the largest serum LH concentration (P<0·05) was observed in mid pregnancy (October, 7·8 ng/ml), the lowest value was depicted at the end of gestation (4·8 ng/ml). A similar pattern was observed in plasma P4, with monthly increases from August to November, and a reduction during the last month of gestation (August, 5·6 v. December 2·5 ng/ml). With respect to the metabolic hormones, a negative correlation (−0·23, P=0·05) was observed between GH and INS, with the largest plasma INS levels in mid pregnancy (October 1·9 ng/ml), the lowest INS levels in December, 0·8 ng/ml and the largest serum GH concentration in December, 20·2 ng/ml. Results from the study indicate that DMI, MEI and MPI in grazing goats are useful indicators of the nutritive value of the forage consumed by goats which allowed them to keep an important steroidogenic luteal activity during gestation (P4=5·7±0·82 ng/ml, litter size=1·44 kids). Nonetheless, the observed plasma levels of glucose, urea, NEFA, INS and GH indicate that a schedule of energy supplementation may be outlined to ensure an adequate nutritional status of goats during late pregnancy and early lactation.

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“…The mean estimations of serum glucose concentration will lead to an increase in the treatment groups after birthing; this might be because of the high concentration of glucocorticoid hormones (e.g., cortisol), which instigate an expansion in hepatic gluconeogenesis. A positive relationship between energy supplementation and serum glucose concentration was found by O‘Doherty and Crosby [ 29 ]. Some studies reported an elevation in glucose concentration during late pregnancy and directly after parturition [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effect of prepartum dietary energy source on goat maternal metabolic profile, neonatal performance, and economic profitability

Abou‐Elkhair¹,

Mahboub²,

Sadek³

et al. 2020

J Adv Vet Anim Res

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Objective: This work aimed at studying dietary energy supplementation effects during late pregnancy upon the metabolic status of does, as well as on the birth weight (BW), body temperature, and metabolic profile for their kids and the net economic profit. Materials and Methods: Eighty pregnant does (Egyptian Nubian) were equally split into four dietary treatments; the control (CON) receiving basal diet, the basal diet with 200 gm corn starch and 100 gm of molasses /h/d added (MS), the basal diet with 300 gm/h/d of corn grains added (CG), and the basal diet with 300 gm/h/d of barley grains added (BG). Results: Body weight and temperature of kids were significantly higher in MS and BG groups, respectively. The serum concentration of albumin (Alb), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels are significantly decreased. At the same time, urea and vitamin A increased dramatically in the BG group before giving birth. After birth, conversely, the serum concentration of albumin, AST, ALT, cholesterol, and vitamin A significantly increased with energy supplementation. Kids in the BG group show the most high level of albumin. Furthermore, all supplemented groups increased dramatically in vitamin A. The economic efficiency of the MS group, followed by the BG group, was significantly higher compared to the other treatments. Conclusion: It is beneficial for Egyptian farmers to feed extra concentrate (especially barley) to the does during late gestation stages to produce healthy kids with optimal BW and body temperature, as well as to avoid metabolic disorders that may affect the does at this critical stage. Finally, it can be said that this dietary supplementation may also increases the profit margins of the farmers.

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Blood metabolite concentrations in late pregnant ewes as indicators of nutritional status

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

Examining the Effects of Whole Crop Wheat Silage on Ewe Performance during Late Gestation Compared to Traditional Grass Silage across Three Prolific Breed Types

Examining the Effects of Whole Crop Wheat Silage on Ewe Performance during Late Gestation Compared to Traditional Grass Silage across Three Prolific Breed Types

Diet composition, intake, plasma metabolites, reproductive and metabolic hormones during pregnancy in goats under semi-arid grazing conditions

Effect of prepartum dietary energy source on goat maternal metabolic profile, neonatal performance, and economic profitability

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