Blood metabolites and body temperature of single calves between 1 and 4 days of age in a dairy herd in New Zealand

Diesch, TJ; Stafford, KJ; Ward, R.N.

doi:10.1080/00480169.2004.36437

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…After birth, calves exhibit an initial decrease in body temperature caused by evaporation from the wet hair coat, followed by an increase in body temperature after the coat has dried (Vermorel et al, 1989b;Diesch et al, 2004a). Diesch et al (2004a,b) studied the physiological status of newborn dairy calves in New Zealand and found that calves born during cold (<10°C), wet, and windy weather conditions had lower rectal temperatures and took a longer time to stand up than calves born during warm and dry weather.…”

Section: Cold Stress and Heat Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invited review: Influence of climatic conditions on the development, performance, and health of calves

Roland

Drillich

Klein-Jöbstl

et al. 2016

Journal of Dairy Science

144

122

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The objective of this review is to provide the reader with an overview of thermoregulatory mechanisms and the influence of climatic conditions in different housing systems on the development, performance, and health of calves. Thermic stress is observed in association with extreme temperatures and large temperature variations, but other variables such as relative humidity and wind speed can also contribute to thermic stress. Thermoregulation in calves is similar to that in adult cattle, but especially dystocial calves are more prone to heat loss. Heat or cold stress results in direct economic losses because of increased calf mortality and morbidity, as well as indirect costs caused by reduced weight gain, performance, and long-term survival. The climatic conditions in a variety of housing systems, associated health problems, and strategies to mitigate thermic stress are discussed in this review. The goal of housing is to alleviate the effect of climate on calves and provide a microclimate. Adequate ventilation with fresh air is essential to reduce respiratory disease. Common practices such as raising calves in individual outdoor enclosures have been challenged lately. Recent research seeks to evaluate the suitability of group housing under practical, economic, and animal welfare considerations. Limited results for reducing thermic stress can be achieved by simple measures such as shades or shelter, but additional heat or cold stress relieving strategies can be required depending on the housing system.

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Section: Cold Stress and Heat Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invited review: Influence of climatic conditions on the development, performance, and health of calves

Roland

Drillich

Klein-Jöbstl

et al. 2016

Journal of Dairy Science

144

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, there was no evidence of an effect of time on the circulating BHB concentration in HOL or HOL-ANG calves ( p ≥ 0.19; Table 1 ). Measurements of BHB over the first week of life in calves are limited, but Diesch and colleagues [ 44 ] observed a decline in the circulating BHB concentration during the first 4 d of life. In general, the circulating BHB concentration in calves is considered an indicator of rumen development and the initiation of ruminal fermentation with the increased consumption of starter feeds over the first 6 weeks of life [ 45 , 46 ], and these changes are most notably observed around weaning [ 47 , 48 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dam Body Condition Score Alters Offspring Circulating Cortisol and Energy Metabolites in Holstein Calves but Did Not Affect Neonatal Leptin Surge

et al. 2023

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The neonatal leptin surge is important for hypothalamic development, feed intake regulation, and long-term metabolic control. In sheep, the leptin surge is eliminated with maternal overnutrition and an elevated dam body condition score (BCS), but this has not been assessed in dairy cattle. The aim of this study was to characterize the neonatal profile of leptin, cortisol and other key metabolites in calves born to Holstein cows with a range of BCS. Dam BCS was determined 21 d before expected parturition. Blood was collected from calves within 4 h of birth (d 0), and on days 1, 3, 5, and 7. Serum was analyzed for concentrations of leptin, cortisol, blood urea nitrogen, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), free fatty acids (FFA), triglycerides, and total protein (TP). Statistical analysis was performed separately for calves sired by Holstein (HOL) or Angus (HOL-ANG) bulls. Leptin tended to decrease after birth in HOL calves, but there was no evidence of an association between leptin and BCS. For HOL calves, the cortisol level increased with an increasing dam BCS on day 0 only. Dam BCS was variably associated with the calf BHB and TP levels, depending on the sire breed and day of age. Further investigation is required to elucidate the impacts of maternal dietary and energy status during gestation on offspring metabolism and performance, in addition to the potential impact of the absence of a leptin surge on long-term feed intake regulation in dairy cattle.

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Effects of dam size and nutritional plane during pregnancy on lamb performance to weaning

Kenyon

Linden

Blair

et al. 2011

Small Ruminant Research

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Blood metabolites and body temperature of single calves between 1 and 4 days of age in a dairy herd in New Zealand

Abstract: The nutritional and thermal status of at least 90% of the calves was compatible with good health and survival during the first 4 days after birth.

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Invited review: Influence of climatic conditions on the development, performance, and health of calves

Invited review: Influence of climatic conditions on the development, performance, and health of calves

Dam Body Condition Score Alters Offspring Circulating Cortisol and Energy Metabolites in Holstein Calves but Did Not Affect Neonatal Leptin Surge

Effects of dam size and nutritional plane during pregnancy on lamb performance to weaning

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