Blood oxygen transport in the early avian embryo

Baumann, Rosemarie; Meuer, Hans-Jürgen

doi:10.1152/physrev.1992.72.4.941

Cited by 52 publications

(51 citation statements)

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“…an increase in the number of circulating erythrocytes and in hemoglobin concentration. Similar observations have been reported for embryos of the turtle Pseudemys nelsoni (Kam, 1993;Jacob et al, 2002), whereas in chicken embryos during early development no stimulation of red cell production was observed (Baumann and Meuer, 1992). The results of our study clearly show that hypoxia increases red blood cell concentration in zebrafish larvae during the second week after fertilization, but no effect was observed until 7 d.p.f.…”

Section: Hypoxia and Red Cell Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 91%

Non-invasive imaging of blood cell concentration and blood distribution in zebrafishDanio rerioincubated in hypoxic conditionsin vivo

Schwerte

Überbacher

Pelster

2003

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The zebrafish Danio rerio has become an important model organism for the study of vertebrate biology, being well suited for developmental and genetic studies. Large-scale genetic screens have identified hundreds of mutant phenotypes, many of which may serve as models of human disease (Warren and Fishman, 1998;Barut and Zon, 2000). However, studies focussing on the physiology of the developing zebrafish embryo or larvae are scarce, and our understanding of the basic physiology of D. rerio lags far behind our knowledge of the genetics (Burggren and Keller, 1997). Blood circulation in all vertebrates starts early in development, and the first heart beat is typically observed before the heart is completely differentiated (Pelster and Bemis, 1991). Despite this early onset of cardiac activity and blood circulation, the physiological function of blood convection has been questioned (Pelster and Burggren, 1996;Pelster, 1999). In small larvae such as zebrafish, diffusion of oxygen through the body surface alone appears to be sufficient to meet the metabolic needs of the animal (Territo and Burggren, 1998;Territo and Altimiras, 1998;Pelster, 1999;Gielen and Kranenbarg, 2002). This demonstrates that coupling between metabolism and convective oxygen transport is not yet established in the early larval stages, and Rombough (2002) suggests that ion-and osmoregulatory functions may require blood flow much earlier in development than metabolism.Hypoxic conditions are observed in the flowing and stagnant waters that are the natural environment of the tropical zebrafish. The coupling of convective oxygen transport and metabolic activity ensures sufficient oxygen supply to the cells and prevents oxygen shortages at the organ level. Accordingly, in adult animals hypoxia itself acts a stimulus and induces profound changes in cardiac activity and peripheral resistance, and even stimulates erythropoiesis. If this coupling is not yet established in early developmental stages, it could mean that hypoxia does not act as a stimulus in early developmental stages. In a recent study in zebrafish we were able to demonstrate that long before coupling between metabolic requirements and blood flow is established, environmental hypoxia can be sensed and induces stimulation of cardiac activity (Jacob et al., 2002). A reduction in the oxygencarrying capacity of the blood, however, had no effect on cardiac activity. Thus, hypoxia does exert a signaling effect,

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Section: Hypoxia and Red Cell Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 91%

Non-invasive imaging of blood cell concentration and blood distribution in zebrafishDanio rerioincubated in hypoxic conditionsin vivo

Schwerte

Überbacher

Pelster

2003

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…This is based on studies of dynamic changes in hemoglobin composition and erythrocyte morphology in circulating blood. Physiological and molecular mechanisms regulating the timing of this shift are not clear, although change in tissue oxygen levels has been hypothesized as one possible cause (Baumann and Meuer, 1992;Baumann et al, 1983). Since the first report of partial beta globin peptide sequences from normal and sickle human blood cells (Ingram, 1956), efforts were made throughout the sixties and seventies to understand developmental changes in chicken hemoglobin heterogeneity at the protein level (Beaupain et al, 1979;Brown and Ingram, 1974;Bruns and Ingram, 1973;Fraser, 1961;Hashimoto and Wilt, 1966;Manwell et al, 1966;Manwell et al, 1963;Saha, 1964;Saha and Ghosh, 1965;Shimizu, 1972;Simons, 1966;van der Helm and Huisman, 1958;Wilt, 1962;Wilt, 1967).…”

Section: Primitive Vs Definitive Erythrocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primitive and definitive erythropoiesis in the yolk sac: a birds eye view

Sheng¹

2010

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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The yolk sac is the sole niche and source of cells for primitive erythropoiesis from E1 to E5 of chicken development. It is also the main niche and source of cells for early definitive erythropoiesis from E5 to E12. A transition occurs during late embryonic development, after which the bone marrow becomes the major niche and intraembryonically-derived cells the major source. How the yolk sac is involved in these three phases of erythropoiesis is discussed in this review. Prior to the establishment of circulation at E2, specification of primitive erythrocytes is discussed in relation to that of two other cell types formed in the extraembryonic mesoderm, namely the smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Concepts of blood island, hemangioblast and hemogenic endothelium are also discussed. It is concluded that the chick embryo remains a powerful model for studying developmental hematopoiesis and erythropoiesis.

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“…The formation of the vitelline circulation on the yolk sac is evident within 1 day after the formation of the pigmented blood islands [i.e., at ϳ48 h of development in the chicken embryo (reviewed in ref. 6)]. According to the more-precise staging of Hamburger and Hamilton (43), this would be approximately stage 15.…”

Section: Development Of Placenta and Chorioallantoic Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The partial pressure of oxygen in the chicken embryo systemic arteries, 40-50 mm Hg, tends to be higher than that of the developing mammalian embryo, but the calculated hemoglobin saturation of 37% is similar [reviewed in (6,64)]. Thus, the O 2 content of the early chicken embryo's arterial blood is very low, 1-2 l O 2 /100 l blood, as compared with adult values of ϳ15 ml/100 ml blood.…”

Section: Oxygen Delivery To the Developing Embryo And Fetal Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Hypoxia in the Evolution and Development of the Cardiovascular System

Fisher

Burggren

2007

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

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How multicellular organisms obtain and use oxygen and other substrates has evolved over hundreds of millions of years in parallel with the evolution of oxygen-delivery systems. A steady supply of oxygen is critical to the existence of organisms that depend on oxygen as a primary source of fuel (i.e., those that live by aerobic metabolism). Not surprisingly, a number of mechanisms have evolved to defend against oxygen deprivation. This review highlights evolutionary and developmental aspects of O 2 delivery to allow understanding of adaptive responses to O 2 deprivation (hypoxia). First, we consider how the drive for more efficient oxygen delivery from the heart to the periphery may have shaped the evolution of the cardiovascular system, with particular attention to the routing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the cardiac outlet. Then we consider the role of O 2 in the morphogenesis of the cardiovascular system of animals of increasing size and complexity. We conclude by suggesting areas for future research regarding the role of oxygen deprivation and oxidative stress in the normal development of the heart and vasculature or in the pathogenesis of congenital heart defects.

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Blood oxygen transport in the early avian embryo

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Non-invasive imaging of blood cell concentration and blood distribution in zebrafishDanio rerioincubated in hypoxic conditionsin vivo

Non-invasive imaging of blood cell concentration and blood distribution in zebrafishDanio rerioincubated in hypoxic conditionsin vivo

Primitive and definitive erythropoiesis in the yolk sac: a birds eye view

Role of Hypoxia in the Evolution and Development of the Cardiovascular System

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