Blood Pb, Urine Cd and Health Assessment of Residents in the Vicinity of Abandoned Mines in Gyeongsangbuk-do

Chung, Jong Hak; Kang, Pock Soo; Kim, Chang Yoon; Lee, Kyung Soo; Hwang, Tae Yoon; Kim, Gyu Tae; Park, Jong Seo; Park, Si Young; Kim, Dae Seop; Lim, Ou Taek; Sakong, Joon

doi:10.35371/kjoem.2005.17.3.225

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The urine Cd concentrations of the residents living in the Gahak abandoned mine area were higher than those of residents living in the control area, and some residents showed signs of renal dysfunction (Park et al 1998). In addition, the urine Cd concentrations of the residents in the Sucheol abandoned mine and Samsan Jeil mine areas were also significantly higher than those of residents in the control areas (Chung et al 2005; Kim et al 2008). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure factors of cadmium for residents in an abandoned metal mine area in Korea

Ahn

Chang

Lee

et al. 2016

Environ Geochem Health

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This study evaluated blood and urine cadmium (Cd) levels and human exposure factors for residents in an abandoned metal mine in Korea. We collected blood, urine, soil, water, and rice grain samples to analyze Cd concentrations and analyzed heavy metal concentration patterns in soil. We estimated the major exposure factor of Cd through non-carcinogenic risk assessment depending on exposure routes. The blood Cd concentration in the case group was 5.33 μg/L (geometric mean), significantly higher than that in the control group (1.63 μg/L, geometric mean). Urine Cd concentrations were also similar. The Cd concentrations in paddy soil (1.29 mg/kg) and rice grains (0.14 mg/kg) in the study area were higher than those in the control area (0.91 and 0.07 mg/kg, respectively). The analysis of heavy metal concentration in soil showed that the Cd levels in agricultural soil in the case group were attributable to the mine. The hazard quotient (HQ) of Cd by rice ingestion in the case group (1.25) was 2 times higher than that in the control group (0.6). We found that the HQ of rice ingestion contributed to more than 97 % of the total HQ, indicating that rice grains were the major exposure source. However, it is likely that the continuous intake of Cd-exposed crops led to chronic exposure among the residents in mine area.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure factors of cadmium for residents in an abandoned metal mine area in Korea

Ahn

Chang

Lee

et al. 2016

Environ Geochem Health

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“…2006;Navarro et al 2008). Thus, heavy metal contamination of soil, water, and crops and their impact on residents is an ongoing social issue not only in Korea but also in other countries, and several studies have identified health risks to residents living near abandoned mines (Park et al 1998;Alonso et al 2001;Chung et al 2005;Yapici et al 2006;Mayan et al 2006;Coelho et al 2007;Sakong 2007;Kim et al 2008). In Korea, following the outbreak of diseases resulting from cadmium contamination in residents living near an abandoned mine at Gosung (Kim et al 2008) and several health-related episodes near abandoned mines (Sakong 2007), the Ministry of Environment (MOE) prepared a comprehensive environmental health plan for 2006-2015 to address complex and diverse environmental pollution problems (Ministry of Environment 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Blood lead levels of residents living around 350 abandoned metal mines in Korea

Kim

Sakong

Choi

et al. 2011

Environ Monit Assess

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In 2007, as part of the control and prevention of environmental contamination threatening public health, the Korean Ministry of Environment planned to implement a national biomonitoring survey of three metals: lead, cadmium, and mercury in the blood of residents living near 350 abandoned metal mines known to be contaminated and as possible threats to the health of inhabitants. Thus, we investigated demographic and lifestyle variables and blood lead levels in residents living around the mines and compared them against those of control subjects. We measured the blood lead concentrations in 14,849 subjects (14,132 from nearby the 350 abandoned metal mines and 717 subjects from eight control areas). A questionnaire was provided to all subjects to determine gender, age, mining experience, period of time living in the vicinity of mines, smoking status, and personal perception of abandoned mines as a health risk. The geometric means (95% confidence intervals) of the blood lead levels of residents living around the abandoned metal mines and control areas were 3.017 (2.996-3.037 μg/dL) [female, 2.797 μg/dL (2.771-2.822 μg/dL); male, 3.330 μg/dL (3.298-3.363 μg/dL)] and 2.757 (2.677-2.837 μg/dL) [female, 2.604 μg/dL (2.506-2.700 μg/dL); male, 2.993 μg/dL (2.859-3.126 μg/dL)], respectively. Among residents of the mining areas, nonsmokers and residents who had no mining experience showed significantly lower mean blood lead levels than did smokers, past smokers, and those with mining experience. The mean blood lead concentrations of residents who expressed some concern about the abandoned mines were significantly higher than those of residents without concerns. The mean blood lead concentration of residents living around the abandoned mines was significantly higher than that of residents living in control areas as well as that of the general adult Korean population. We also confirmed that smoking is an important variable to consider, as it increases blood lead concentration.

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“…Accordingly, large amounts of mine waste, such as abandoned structures and equipment, highwalls, open pits, mining dump tailings, lack of drainage control, acid water, and toxic materials, were left in unsafe and unhealthy conditions ( 6 ), increasing the potential health risk to the residents living near the mines. Heavy metal contamination of soil, water, and crops, and their health impact on residents, is a persistent social issue, and several studies have identified health risks of residents living near abandoned mines ( 7 , 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Health Effects of an Abandoned Metal Mine

et al. 2008

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To investigate potential health risks associated with exposure to metals from an abandoned metal mine, the authors studied people living near an abandoned mine (n=102) and control groups (n=149). Levels of cadmium, copper, arsenic, lead, and zinc were measured in the air, soil, drinking water, and agricultural products. To assess individual exposure, biomarkers of each metal in blood and urine were measured. β2-microglobulin, α1-microglobulin, and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and bone mineral density were measured. Surface soil in the study area showed 2-10 times higher levels of metals compared to that of the control area. Metal concentrations in the groundwater and air did not show any notable differences between groups. Mean concentrations of cadmium and copper in rice and barley from the study area were significantly higher than those of the control area (p<0.05). Geometric means of blood and urine cadmium in the study area were 2.9 µg/L and 1.5 µg/g Cr, respectively, significantly higher than those in the control area (p<0.05). There were no differences in the levels of urinary markers of early kidney dysfunction and bone mineral density. The authors conclude that the residents near the abandoned mine were exposed to higher levels of metals through various routes.

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Blood Pb, Urine Cd and Health Assessment of Residents in the Vicinity of Abandoned Mines in Gyeongsangbuk-do

Cited by 22 publications

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Exposure factors of cadmium for residents in an abandoned metal mine area in Korea

Exposure factors of cadmium for residents in an abandoned metal mine area in Korea

Blood lead levels of residents living around 350 abandoned metal mines in Korea

Investigation on Health Effects of an Abandoned Metal Mine

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