Blood Plasma Magnesium, Potassium, Glucose, and Immunoreactive Insulin Changes in Cows Moved Abruptly from Barn Feeding to Early Spring Pasture

Miller, J.K.; Madsen, F.C.; Lentz, Dieter; Wong, W. K.; Ramsey, Nancy; Tysinger, C.E.; Hansard, Sam L.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(80)83049-9

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, the reduction in plasma Mg at dry-off was modest, and none of the cows were hypomagnesemic. It is possible that the negative effects on Mg absorption were counteracted by the reduced insulin level in plasma (Miller et al, 1980) and reduced ruminal fluid NH 4 + (Martens et al, 1988). The Mg concentration was lower in primiparous cows than in older cows, but the reason for this is not clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Two Different Feeding Strategies During Dry-off on Certain Health Aspects of Dairy Cows

Odensten

Holtenius

Waller

2007

Journal of Dairy Science

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With increasing milk production and short calving intervals, high daily milk yields at dry-off are rather common, making the dry-off procedure difficult and increasing the risk for health problems during the dry-off period. The objective of the following study was to compare the effects of 2 dry-off protocols, using different nutrient supplies, on health, as measured by clinical findings, intramammary infections, milk somatic cell count, and plasma concentrations of cortisol, serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, and Mg, in dairy cows. Twenty-one primi- and multiparous dairy cows were randomly assigned to 2 different feeding treatments. One group was fed ad libitum straw (straw), whereas the other group was fed 4 kg of DM silage daily and ad libitum straw (silage) during dry-off (i.e., for 5 d). All cows were milked in the morning of d 3 and 5 during this period. At the start of dry-off (d 0), the average daily milk yield was 17.1 +/- 0.8 kg. The plasma cortisol concentration increased during dry-off only in cows fed straw. There was no significant effect of treatment on plasma serum amyloid A, but the concentration increased during dry-off in both groups. The plasma Mg concentration decreased during dry-off, and the values tended to be lower in the straw group. The milk somatic cell count increased in both groups during dry-off but did not differ between groups. In both groups the heart rate decreased at dry-off, but the decrease was more pronounced in the straw group. Overall, this study (together with a previous report) shows that the common dry-off procedure of feeding straw only may give rise to metabolic disturbances. However, this might be avoided without any apparent negative effects on udder health if a limited amount of silage is added during dry-off.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Two Different Feeding Strategies During Dry-off on Certain Health Aspects of Dairy Cows

Odensten

Holtenius

Waller

2007

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Field studies with beef cows have shown that energy supplementation was less effective in maintaining serum Mg than MgO supplementation was. Miller et al (1980) compared beef cows abruptly placed on rye-wheat pasture supplemented with either 30 g MgO/d by capsule or 2.3 kg cornmeal/d. Both supplemented groups of cows had higher plasma Mg than unsupplemented controls for the first 10 d on pasture.…”

Section: Other Dietary Management Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management Practices to Overcome the Incidence of Grass Tetany

Robinson

Kappel

Boling

1989

Journal of Animal Science

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To minimize the incidence of grass tetany, winter pastures should be established on soils containing Mg-rich minerals, drainage should be improved on five-textured soils, legumes should be included in the sward and soil pH should be at least 5.5. Liming acid soils with dolomitic lime increases forage Mg by supplying Mg and by raising soil pH. Calcitic lime applications also can increase Mg availability to plants on soils with adequate Mg. Low rates of application of soluble Mg salts (less than 100 kg/ha of Mg) effectively increase Mg uptake from noncalcareous soils with low cation exchange capacity. Potassium levels in soils and plants should be kept in the lower range of recommended values. Nitrogen application should be regulated to provide the desired level of forage production. Nitrogen fertilizers, especially the nitrate form, stimulate plant Mg uptake if Mg is available in the soil. The most practical and cost-efficient method of supplementing dietary Mg intake is to provide free-choice Mg. Supplements must be palatable and placed in locations frequently used by cow herds. Including a high-energy feed in the supplement may at times increase its preventive effectiveness by increasing Mg absorption and reducing lipolysis. Regardless of the supplement formulation, Mg intake should be monitored on a regular basis, and formulation or management changes should be initiated if Mg consumption is below required levels. In severe grass tetany outbreaks, foliar application of Mg or administration of Mg via the drinking water may be warranted.

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“…adrenaline, decrease plasma magnesium level. Increases in insulin levels in plasma are also associated with decreases in the concentration of plasma magnesium, and the rapid change in plasma magnesium level has been suggested to be caused by movements of magnesium ions from the plasma to the cells [87]. Clinical hypomagnesaemia, in contrast to milk fever, also occurs in beef cows and, as it is associated with dietary factors and sometimes external stressors, it may affect several cows in a herd at the same time [88].…”

Section: Diagnosing Grass Tetanymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypomagnesemia Tetany in Cattle

Zelal¹

2017

J Adv Dairy Res

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Grass tetany, sometimes called grass staggers or hypomagnesemia, can be a serious problem in Syria with cattle grazing small grain or ryegrass pastures. hypomagnesemia tetany has been known under a variety of names, including magnesium tetany, lactation tetany and grass staggers, but most of these terms have been discarded because the disease is not always associated with lactation or with grazing animals.The exact cause of hypomagnesemia tetany in ruminant animals is a dietary deficiency of magnesium that may be a contributory factor. Some research workers consider the condition to be caused by a cation-anion imbalance in the diet, and Some research workers believe that high intake of the element (K & Na) may interfere with the absorption and metabolism of magnesium in the animal, which may be an important factor in the etiology of hypomagnesemia tetany.Although the exact cause of hypomagnesemia is still uncertain, the primary factor would appear to be inadequate absorption of magnesium from the digestive tract. A high degree of success in preventing hypomagnesemia may be obtained by increasing the magnesium intake. This can be effected by feeding with magnesium rich mineral mixtures or, alternatively, by increasing the magnesium content of pasture by the application of magnesium fertilizers.

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Blood Plasma Magnesium, Potassium, Glucose, and Immunoreactive Insulin Changes in Cows Moved Abruptly from Barn Feeding to Early Spring Pasture

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of Two Different Feeding Strategies During Dry-off on Certain Health Aspects of Dairy Cows

Effects of Two Different Feeding Strategies During Dry-off on Certain Health Aspects of Dairy Cows

Management Practices to Overcome the Incidence of Grass Tetany

Hypomagnesemia Tetany in Cattle

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