Blood pressure and mesenteric resistance arterial  function after spaceflight

Hatton, Deborah D.; Qi, Yue; Chapman, Justin; Xue, Hong; Dierickx, Jacqueline; Roullet, Chantal; Coste, Sarah C.; Roullet, Jean Baptiste; McCarron, David A.

doi:10.1152/jappl.2002.92.1.13

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The primary unanswered question regarding vascular alterations associated with spaceflight is the stimulus for the change. Results from the present and previous studies (30, 31) show impaired contraction of smooth muscle cells of arteries and veins from SF rats and mice. In addition, pregnant rats flown on the Cosmos 1514 mission had prolonged labor (62), and rats flown on Cosmos 1667 had distended stomachs filled with food (63), indicating the possible impairment of uterine and stomach smooth muscle contraction with spaceflight.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…1 A, B , respectively). In one of only two studies to previously examine the effects of spaceflight on intrinsic vasomotor responsiveness, Hatton et al (30) reported that microgravity blunted NE‐mediated vasoconstriction of mesenteric arteries from SF rats. However, because these animals were spontaneously hypertensive, the effects of spaceflight on vascular responses in normotensive animals was uncertain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Delp et al (44) and Sangha et al (48) have demonstrated in the abdominal aorta that the impairment of vasoconstriction persists regardless of whether the endothelium is removed or intact. And in perhaps the most relevant study, Hatton et al (30) demonstrated an attenuated relaxation to the endothelium‐dependent vasodilator acetylcholine in mesenteric arteries of rats after spaceflight, suggesting that endothelium‐derived NO bioavailability is depressed rather than enhanced in arteries showing reduced vasoconstrictor responsiveness to NE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of spaceflight and ground recovery on mesenteric artery and vein constrictor properties in mice

Behnke¹,

Stabley²,

McCullough³

et al. 2012

The FASEB Journal

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Following exposure to microgravity, there is a reduced ability of astronauts to augment peripheral vascular resistance, often resulting in orthostatic hypotension. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that mesenteric arteries and veins will exhibit diminished vasoconstrictor responses after spaceflight. Mesenteric arteries and veins from female mice flown on the Space Transportation System (STS)-131 (n=11), STS-133 (n=6), and STS-135 (n=3) shuttle missions and respective ground-based control mice (n=30) were isolated for in vitro experimentation. Vasoconstrictor responses were evoked in arteries via norepinephrine (NE), potassium chloride (KCl), and caffeine, and in veins through NE across a range of intraluminal pressures (2-12 cmH(2)O). Vasoconstriction to NE was also determined in mesenteric arteries at 1, 5, and 7 d postlanding. In arteries, maximal constriction to NE, KCl, and caffeine were reduced immediately following spaceflight and 1 d postflight. Spaceflight also reduced arterial ryanodine receptor-3 mRNA levels. In mesenteric veins, there was diminished constriction to NE after flight. The results indicate that the impaired vasoconstriction following spaceflight occurs through the ryanodine receptor-mediated intracellular Ca(2+) release mechanism. Such vascular changes in astronauts could compromise the maintenance of arterial pressure during orthostatic stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of spaceflight and ground recovery on mesenteric artery and vein constrictor properties in mice

Behnke¹,

Stabley²,

McCullough³

et al. 2012

The FASEB Journal

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“…Direct measures of blood flow (31) and the lack of change in vascular structure (22,28,56) indicate that neither blood flow nor arterial pressure are significantly altered when rats are in an unloaded position. It has recently been suggested that decrements in peripheral artery vasoconstrictor responsiveness may be associated with a circulating systemic factor(s) that is altered during unloading (5).…”

Section: Fig 5 Representative Profiles Of the Vasoconstrictor Dynammentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated microgravity alters rat mesenteric artery vasoconstrictor dynamics through an intracellular Ca²⁺release mechanism

Colleran

Behnke

Wilkerson

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Colleran PN, Behnke BJ, Wilkerson MK, Donato AJ, Delp MD. Simulated microgravity alters rat mesenteric artery vasoconstrictor dynamics through an intracellular Ca 2ϩ release mechanism. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 294: R1577-R1585, 2008. First published March 19, 2008 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00084.2008.-Previous work has shown that orthostatic hypotension associated with cardiovascular deconditioning results from inadequate peripheral vasoconstriction. We used the hindlimb-unloaded (HU) rat in this study as a model to induce cardiovascular deconditioning. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that 14 days of HU diminishes vasoconstrictor responsiveness of mesenteric resistance arteries. Mesenteric resistance arteries from control (n ϭ 43) and HU (n ϭ 44) rats were isolated, cannulated, and pressurized to 108 cm H2O for in vitro experimentation. Myogenic (intralumenal pressure ranging from 30 to 180 cm H2O), KCl (2-100 mM), norepinephrine (NE, 10 Ϫ9 -10 Ϫ4 M) and caffeine (1-20 mM) induced vasoconstriction, as well as the temporal dynamics of vasoconstriction to NE, were determined. The active myogenic and passive pressure responses were unaltered by HU when pressures remained within physiological range. However, vasoconstrictor responses to KCl, NE, and caffeine were diminished by HU, as well as the rate of constriction to NE (C, 14.8 Ϯ 3.6 m/s vs. HU 7.6 Ϯ 1.8 m/s). Expression of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2ϩ ATPase 2 and ryanodine 3 receptor mRNA was unaffected by HU, while ryanodine 2 receptor mRNA and protein expression were diminished in mesenteric arteries from HU rats. These data suggest that HU-induced and microgravity-associated orthostatic intolerance may be due, in part, to an attenuated vasoconstrictor responsiveness of mesenteric resistance arteries resulting from a diminished ryanodine 2 receptor Ca 2ϩ release mechanism.hindlimb unloading; vasoconstrictor responsiveness FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO WEIGHTLESSNESs, many astronauts experience postflight orthostatic hypotension (6, 52) due, in part, to a diminished ability of the cardiovascular system to rapidly elevate peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) (1,2,8,36,52,53). It has been proposed that the diminished ability to elevate PVR following spaceflight may result from altered function of the afferent limb of the baroreceptors, central integration, sympathetic efferents, or end-organ responsiveness to sympathetic stimulation (8). Evidence for end-organ (vascular) hyporesponsiveness has been provided by Whitson et al. (54) and Levine et al. (27), who reported no difference in preflight vs. postflight PVR during orthostasis despite higher postflight levels of plasma catecholamine concentration and muscle sympathetic nerve activity. Similar reductions in vasoconstrictor responsiveness have been reported by investigators using prolonged bedrest (44, 46). Therefore, evidence suggests endorgan responsiveness to vasoconstrictor stimuli is diminished in humans following microgravity and bedrest deconditioning.In addition, orthostatic intol...

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“…Previous work demonstrated that actual and simulated microgravity can adversely affect smooth muscle contractile function in arteries (12,25,45), arterioles (11), veins (16), and the uterus (7). We hypothesized that microgravity could also alter lymphatic muscle contractility.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of active lymph pump by simulated microgravity in rats

Gashev¹,

Delp²,

Zawieja³

2006

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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During spaceflight the normal head-to-foot hydrostatic pressure gradients are eliminated and body fluids shift toward the head, resulting in a diminished fluid volume in the legs and an increased fluid volume in the head, neck, and upper extremities. Lymphatic function is important in the maintenance of normal tissue fluid volume, but it is not clear how microgravity influences lymphatic pumping. We performed a detailed evaluation of the influence of simulated microgravity on lymphatic diameter, wall thickness, elastance, tone, and other measures of phasic contractility in isolated lymphatics. Head-down tail suspension (HDT) rats were used to simulate the effects of microgravity. Animals were exposed to HDT for 2 wk, after which data were collected and compared with the control non-HDT group. Lymphatics from four regional lymphatic beds (thoracic duct, cervical, mesenteric, and femoral lymphatics) were isolated, cannulated, and pressurized. Input and output pressures were adjusted to apply a range of transmural pressures and flows to the lymphatics. Simulated microgravity caused a potent inhibition of pressure/stretch-stimulated pumping in all four groups of lymphatics. The greatest inhibition was found in cervical lymphatics. These findings presumably are correlated to the cephalic fluid shifts that occur in HDT rats as well as those observed during spaceflight. Flow-dependent pump inhibition was increased after HDT, especially in the thoracic duct. Mesenteric lymphatics were less strongly influenced by HDT, which may support the idea that lymph hydrodynamic conditions in the mesenteric lymphatic during HDT are not dramatically altered.

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Blood pressure and mesenteric resistance arterial function after spaceflight

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of spaceflight and ground recovery on mesenteric artery and vein constrictor properties in mice

Effects of spaceflight and ground recovery on mesenteric artery and vein constrictor properties in mice

Simulated microgravity alters rat mesenteric artery vasoconstrictor dynamics through an intracellular Ca²⁺release mechanism

Inhibition of active lymph pump by simulated microgravity in rats

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Blood pressure and mesenteric resistance arterial function after spaceflight

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of spaceflight and ground recovery on mesenteric artery and vein constrictor properties in mice

Effects of spaceflight and ground recovery on mesenteric artery and vein constrictor properties in mice

Simulated microgravity alters rat mesenteric artery vasoconstrictor dynamics through an intracellular Ca2+release mechanism

Inhibition of active lymph pump by simulated microgravity in rats

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Simulated microgravity alters rat mesenteric artery vasoconstrictor dynamics through an intracellular Ca²⁺release mechanism