Blood pressure in school children and adolescents - The Belo Horizonte study

Oliveira, Reynaldo G.; Lamounier, Joel Alves; Oliveira, Andréa D. B.; D.R.Castro, Marcela; Oliveira, José S.

doi:10.2223/jped.317

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…29 In addition, the Belo Horizonte Study reported that the initial prevalence of 6.5% declined to 3.5% after the second measurement. 30 Although the definition of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity was not homogeneous across studies, it is worth noting that our data show a higher prevalence of obesity than that reported in the National Survey on School Health. 31 T h e p o o l e d p r e v a l e n c e o f c h i l d h o o d overweight and obesity has increased at a fast pace in most Latin American and Caribbean countries, and ranges between 18.9% and 36.9% in school children and between 16.6% and 35.8% in adolescents.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

High blood pressure in school children and adolescents in Argentina over the past 25 years: A systematic review of observational studies

Díaz

Calandra

2017

Arch Argent Pediat

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Introduction.Over the past years, hypertension has been recognized as an important health problem in the pediatric population. A systematic review of observational studies published between 1988 and 2014 was conducted to estimate the prevalence of high blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors among children and adolescents in Argentina. Population and methods. A bibliographic search was done in MEDLINE, SciELO, and LILACS to look for studies on high blood pressure prevalence in school children and adolescents in Argentina. Studies and surveys that had included the measurement of blood pressure in children and adolescents (aged 5-20 years) according to the Fourth Report on the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents by the American Academy of Pediatrics were included in this study. Results. Fourteen publications were identified. The pooled prevalence in 11 706 subjects (random effects model) was 6.61% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.30-9.37). The crude prevalence was 7.35% (95% CI: 6.88-7.83). High blood pressure was more prevalent among adolescents than children ≤ 10 years old (7.4% versus 4.3%, P = 0.001), and among boys than girls (11.2% versus 6.8%, P = 0.001). The most common risk factors included a sedentary lifestyle (50%), overweight (15.4%), abdominal obesity (13.7%), obesity (11.5%), and smoking (6.5%). Conclusions. Our data show that the prevalence of high blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors in school children and adolescents is high, and this accounts for a very important public health problem in Argentina.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

High blood pressure in school children and adolescents in Argentina over the past 25 years: A systematic review of observational studies

Díaz

Calandra

2017

Arch Argent Pediat

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“…Our results regarding schoolchildren in Vitória also show that the prevalence of borderline hypertension + hypertension is lower than the rates reported in other similar Brazilian studies (29,30). This difference could be due to our lower levels of overweight + obesity (as suggested by the correlation detected between BMI and BP), although other factors cannot be ruled out.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Cardiovascular risk factors in a population of Brazilian schoolchildren

Rodrigues¹,

Moysés²,

Bissoli³

et al. 2006

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Epidemiological and clinical evidence suggests that a judicious diet, regular physical activity and blood pressure (BP) monitoring must start in early childhood to minimize the impact of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. This study was designed to evaluate BP and metabolic parameters of schoolchildren from Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil, and correlate them with cardiovascular risk factors. The study was conducted on 380 students aged 10-14 years (177 boys, 203 girls) enrolled in public schools. Baseline measurements included body mass index, BP and heart rate. The students were submitted to exercise spirometry on a treadmill. VO 2max was obtained from exercise testing to voluntary exhaustion. Fasting serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides (TG), and glucose were measured. Nine point nine percent of the boys and 11.7% of the girls were hypertensive or had pre-hypertensive levels. There was no significant correlation between VO 2max and TC, LDL-C, or TG in prepubertal children, but a slight negative correlation was detected in post-pubertal boys for HDL-C and TG. In addition, children with hypertension (3.4%) or prehypertensive levels (6.6%) also had comorbidity for overweight and blood lipid abnormalities (14% for triglycerides, 44.7% for TC, 25.9% for LDL-C, 52% for low HDL-C). The present study shows for the first time high correlations between prehypertensive blood pressure levels and the cardiovascular risk factors high TC, high LDL-C, low HDL-C in schoolchildren. These are important for the formulation of public health policies and strategies.

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“…This last study showed that blood pressure has a positive correlation with fasting insulin (even after adjustment for BMI) at as early as 5 years of age (14). The prevalence of high blood pressure in our adolescents was higher compared with other studies (15).…”

contrasting

confidence: 47%