Blood pressure in the squid, Loligo pealei

Bourne, George B.

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(82)90005-6

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, unlike previous authors (Johansen and Martin, 1962;Bourne, 1982), we found no evidence that the gills contracted in intact cuttlefish. We saw no contractions and could not detect contractions when we measured the cross-sectional area of the gills at their closest and furthest points from the cuttlefish's midline.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…King and others (Johansen and Martin, 1962;Bourne, 1982Bourne, , 1987. Indeed, the anterior vena cava was the only vessel that contracted at the same rate as the mantle in our study.…”

Section: Role Of Mantle In Circulationsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…proposed that all veins, except the anterior vena cava, contract actively and contribute to venous return. However, venous function in intact coleoid cephalopods has been difficult to study using implanted pressure transducers (Chichery and Chanelet, 1972b;Bourne, 1982Bourne, , 1987O'Dor et al, 1990;Pörtner et al, 1991) and, until now, non-invasive techniques have not been applied to this system. Using ultrasound, we have made the first non-invasive measurements of cardiovascular function in unanaesthetized, free-moving, intact cephalopods, and the first measurements of any kind on vascular function in cuttlefish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides the intravenous pulse caused by the mantle, a second, shorter, overlaid pulse also is usually measured in the large veins. It is not usually considered to be propulsive, and often is attributed to the contractions of organs bordering the veins such as the gills or renal appendages (Johansen and Martin, 1962;Bourne, 1982). Another possibility, however, is that the large veins themselves might contract in vivo, creating this second pulse and also contributing to venous return.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Squid and cuttlefish are less well studied. We know of only two studies investigating pressures and flow through squid vessels (Bourne, 1982(Bourne, , 1984, and no studies investigating pressure or flow in cuttlefish vessels. The three in vivo studies on cuttlefish circulation measure only systemic heart function (Mislin, 1966;Chichery and Chanelet, 1972a;Chichery, 1980), possibly because the large internal shells of cuttlefish and their other viscera impede access to many of the veins (Chichery and Chanelet, 1972b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using ultrasound to understand vascular and mantle contributions to venous return in the cephalopodSepia officinalisL.

King

Henderson

Schmidt

et al. 2005

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY Using ultrasound imaging, we investigated the roles of the potentially contractile veins and of the mantle (the powerful body wall that moves water over the gills, and also encloses the large veins and the hearts) in returning the blood of cuttlefish to its hearts. Ultrasound provided the first non-invasive observations of vascular function in an unanaesthetized,free-moving cephalopod. The large veins (anterior vena cava, lateral venae cavae and efferent branchial vessels) contracted in live, intact cuttlefish(Sepia officinalis L.). The anterior vena cava contracted at the same rate as the mantle, but it often expanded during mantle contraction. Furthermore, the anterior vena cava contracted peristaltically in vivo, suggesting that it actively aids venous return. The lateral venae cavae and efferent branchial vessels contracted at the same rate as the branchial and systemic hearts, but at a different rate from the mantle. A peristaltic wave appeared to travel along the lateral venae cavae to the branchial hearts, potentially aiding venous return. We found a muscular valve between the anterior and lateral venae cavae, which ensured that blood flowed only one way between these unsynchronized vessels. The mantle appears to have an unclear connection with cardiovascular function. We conclude that, when cuttlefish are at rest, the mantle does not compress any of the large veins that we imaged (including the anterior vena cava), and that peristaltic contractions of the large veins might be important in returning cephalopod blood to the hearts.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…King and others (Johansen and Martin, 1962;Bourne, 1982Bourne, , 1987. Indeed, the anterior vena cava was the only vessel that contracted at the same rate as the mantle in our study.…”

Section: Role Of Mantle In Circulationsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using ultrasound to understand vascular and mantle contributions to venous return in the cephalopodSepia officinalisL.

King

Henderson

Schmidt

et al. 2005

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Cardiac output and tissue blood flow in the abalone, Haliotis cracherodii (Mollusca, Gastropoda)

1984

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Little is known about the characteristics of hemolymph (blood) flow in animals with open circulatory systems. We measured cardiac output and blood flow to specific tissues in the black abalone, Haliotis cracherodii, a gastropod mollusk. The use of thermodilution allowed us to make repeated measurements of cardiac output and cardiac stroke volume over relatively short time intervals (5-10 heart beats) in resting, unrestrained abalone while disturbing the animals minimally. Anatomical studies of the abalone circulation showed that the arterial system terminated in small diameter (approaching 10-20 micron in some cases) lacunar tissue spaces. Because of this, we used radioactive microspheres (which must be trapped in the tissue vasculature) to measure blood flow rates to selected tissues. The major findings of our study were that 1) cardiac output in the black abalone ranged from about 100 to 150 ml X kg-1 X min-1, and was highly correlated with body size; 2) weight-specific cardiac stroke volume was about 5 ml X kg-1, considerably larger than that of a mammal; 3) tissue blood flow rates ranged from 10 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1 (foot muscle) to 80 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1 (nephridial tissue), similar to typical tissue blood flow rates in mammals. Our data suggest that the blood in the abalone is directed to the tissues not in proportion to percent total body weight the tissues represent (as might be expected in an open vascular system), but apparently in proportion to tissue metabolic rate.

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