Blood pressure profile in Nigerian children

Hamidu, L J; Eo, Okoro; Ali, Myzoon

doi:10.4314/eamj.v77i4.46618

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Indeed, some of these reports [38,59] indicate that in rural Yoruba communities similar to the ones we studied, where habitual exercise linked to daily living involves high energy expenditure, the role of body size in the determination of BP in adults is considerably reduced or even ceases to exist, similar to our findings in children and adolescents in the north-western region, where the increase in BP with age was less so in areas where the lifestyle was predominantly traditional/ rural [60].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Blood pressure and body size preference in traditional communities of Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria

Etebu

Oyejola

2015

Cardiovascular Endocrinology

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Background Our previous work showed that many individuals with type 2 diabetes and in the background population may prefer larger body sizes. This prompted us to study the interaction between body size, body size perception and blood pressure.Methods Anthropometric variables, body size perception and blood pressure were measured in adults of three Nigerian communities. The results were subjected to tests of correlation and regression to determine any association/ functional relationship between predictor variables and blood pressure.Results Participants with elevated blood pressure were older (52.75 vs. 39.58 years) and had a higher BMI (24.50 vs. 22.84), waist circumference (86.69 vs. 81.57) and hip circumference (95.23 vs. 92.49) compared with normotensives. There were significant (P < 0.05) correlations between systolic blood pressure and age (0.401), weight (0.13), BMI (0.182), waist circumference (0.231), hip circumference (0.132), height (0.15), current body size perception (0.181), preferred body size (0.119) and preferred body size of the opposite gender (0.14). For normotensives, a 1 cm increment in waist circumference was associated with an increase in systolic blood pressure by 0.35 mmHg in those younger than 50 years of age. In older participants, an increase in BMI by 1 kg/m 2 led to an increase in systolic blood pressure by 1.1 mmHg. Thirty-two per cent of the participants had hypertension. Less than 10% of the interindividual differences in blood pressure resulted from variations in body dimensions/or body size perception. Significantly, 66.5 versus 51.9% of hypertensive and normotensive individuals, respectively, desired a larger body size for self/spouse. ConclusionThe results indicated a dominant preference for larger body sizes, whereas body dimension predicted blood pressure only to a very limited degree. Cardiovasc Endocrinol 4:53-59

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Blood pressure and body size preference in traditional communities of Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria

Etebu

Oyejola

2015

Cardiovascular Endocrinology

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“…Of the 96 studies [16]–[18], [20], [24]–[26], [29], [36], [39], [40], [43], [45], [46], [48], [51], [53]–[56], [59]–[61], [63]–[68], [70]–[72], [74], [76]–[80], [83], [85], [86], [89], [91], [92], [95], [96], [98], [103]–[105], [107], [109]–[114], [116]–[120], [123], [124], [126], [128], [129], [132], [133], [135], [136], [140], [143], [147], [149]–[152], [163], [169], [170], [214], [215], [218], [225], [281], [287], [289], [292], …”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Evidence of an Overweight/Obesity Transition among School-Aged Children and Youth in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

et al. 2014

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BackgroundPrevalence of childhood overweight/obesity has increased considerably in recent years. The transition to higher rates of overweight/obesity has been well documented in high income countries; however, consistent or representative data from lower income countries is scarce. It is therefore pertinent to assess if rates of overweight/obesity are also increasing in lower income countries, to inform public health efforts.ObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to investigate the evidence for an overweight/obesity transition occurring in school-aged children and youth in Sub Saharan Africa.MethodsStudies were identified by searching the MEDLINE, Embase, Africa Index Medicus, Global Health, Geobase, and EPPI-Centre electronic databases. Studies that used subjective or objective metrics to assess body composition in apparently healthy or population-based samples of children and youth aged 5 to 17 years were included.ResultsA total of 283 articles met the inclusion criteria, and of these, 68 were used for quantitative synthesis. The four regions (West, Central, East, and South) of Sub Saharan Africa were well represented, though only 11 (3.9%) studies were nationally representative. Quantitative synthesis revealed a trend towards increasing proportions of overweight/obesity over time in school-aged children in this region, as well as a persistent problem of underweight. Weighted averages of overweight/obesity and obesity for the entire time period captured were 10.6% and 2.5% respectively. Body composition measures were found to be higher in girls than boys, and higher in urban living and higher socioeconomic status children compared to rural populations or those of lower socioeconomic status.ConclusionsThis review provides evidence for an overweight/obesity transition in school-aged children in Sub Saharan Africa. The findings of this review serve to describe the region with respect to the growing concern of childhood overweight/obesity, highlight research gaps, and inform interventions.PROSPERO Registration NumberCRD42013004399

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“…Identifying children and adolescents at risk is the first step in preventing the disease and its risk factors which include cigarette smoking alcohol intake physical inactivity, obesity, steroid abuse family history of hypertension, low birth weight hypercholesterolemia, hyperinsulinaemia, homocystinaemia and poor nutrition [13]. These risk factors have been found to be prevalent among the adolescent age group, and present serious challenge in intervention since they are usually difficult to change [14,15]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension and prehypertension among adolescents in secondary schools in Enugu, South East Nigeria

et al. 2013

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BackgroundHypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular disease risk factor among blacks and adolescent hypertension can progress into adulthood.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension among secondary school adolescents in Enugu South East Nigeria.MethodologyA study of 2694 adolescents aged 10-18 years in Enugu metropolis was carried out. Socio-demographic profile anthropometric and blood pressure readings were obtained. Derived measurements such as Prehypertension, hypertension and BMI were obtained.ResultsThe results showed that the mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure for males were 106.66+ 11.80 mmHg and 70.25 + 7.34 mmHg respectively. The mean SBP and DBP for females were 109.83+ 11.66 mmHg and 72.23 + 8.26 mmHg respectively (p < 0.01). Blood pressure was found to increase with age. Prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension was 5.4% and 17.3% respectively with a higher rate in females (6.9%) than males (3.8%). Prevalence of prehypertension among males and females were 14.3% and 20.1% respectively. The prevalence of obesity was 1.9%.ConclusionModifiable risk factors exist among adolescents. Early lifestyle modification and a strengthened school health are recommended.

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Blood pressure profile in Nigerian children

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Blood pressure and body size preference in traditional communities of Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria

Blood pressure and body size preference in traditional communities of Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria

Evidence of an Overweight/Obesity Transition among School-Aged Children and Youth in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

Hypertension and prehypertension among adolescents in secondary schools in Enugu, South East Nigeria

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