Blood reflux into cartridge in dental anesthesia. Detection of total protein and human hemoglobin in residual anesthetic solution.

Basic infection control procedures in dental practice in Khartoum — Sudan

“…The reuse of anaesthetic cartridges reported by 4% of dentists in the present study has also been reported by 6% of private dentists in Durban 18 . The risk of blood reflux contamination of local anaesthetic cartridge and hence risk of transmission of blood-borne viruses has been previously reported 19 .…”

Regurgitation of Blood into Insulin Cartridges in the Pen-like Injectors

“…Premenopausal Women S everal cross-sectional studies have detected an association between glucose intolerance (1,2) and type 2 diabetes (3)(4)(5)(6) with diminutiveness particularly in women. Recently, a longitudinal study confirmed these data (7) but without explanations for the relationship.…”

“…Our findings indicate that the amount of blood or dye regurgitated into cartridges would be sufficient to transmit hepatitis B virus infection. In fact, previous reports suggested that hepatitis B infection might be developed by dental use of pen-like injectors for local anesthesia (3,4). Of course, insulin cartridges contain anti-microbial agents (i.e., phenol or cresol) (5,6).…”

“…In DM-Mt3243, six cases with HCM were reported, three of whom had systolic dysfunction (2)(3)(4)(5)(6). In such patients, much more abundant mutation was shown in myocardium than in blood (3).…”

“…In clinical trials, steatorrhoea and other gastrointestinal disorders are the most frequently reported side effects (3). Other reported adverse effects include hypertension (4) and depression (5). No cases of severe hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) have been previously reported with this drug.…”