“…Gargari et al [17] U-Net++ DRIVE, MESSIDOR 2022 Roychowdhury et al [11] Gaussian mixture model classifier DRIVE, CHASEDB1, STARE 2014 Fan et al [10] Image matting DRIVE, CHASEDB1, STARE 2018 Memari et al [9] Fuzzy c means clustering DRIVE, CHASEDB1, STARE 2019 Zhang et al [22] U-Net DRIVE, CHASE-DB1, STARE, HRF 2022 Atli and Gedik [16] Sine-Net DRIVE, CHASEDB1, STARE 2021 Sathananthavathi et al [18] U-Net CHASE DB1, DRIVE, STARE, HRF 2021 Deng and Ye [26] D-MNet CHASE DB1, DRIVE, STARE, HRF 2022 Elaouaber et al [20] Multiple DL models DRIVE, CHASE-DB1, HRF 2022…”