Blood Viscosity in Pregnancy

Hamilton, Hilary F. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1950.tb06015.x

Cited by 31 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Second, we observed an increase in mean plasma viscosity. Smaller increases were reported by Hamilton (1950) and Eastham (1965) who also used a capillary viscometer. C.onversely, Buchan & Macdonald (1981) reported a decreax in plasma viscosity during the third trimester (these workers used a rotational viscometer for plasma viscosity measurement so the discrepancy may partly relate to method).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The increases in packed cell volume and plasma viscosity during the third trimcstcr would be expected to cause an increase in blood viscosity. Previous studies of blood viscosity have only been performed at high shear rates and havc in general found a slight increase during the third trimester (Cohen & Thomson 1936;Hamilton 1950;Ruchan & Macdonald 1981). In thc present study blood viscosity was measured at both high and low shear rates, with and without correction to a standard packed cell volume (a procedure that allows study of the contribution of other determinants of blood viscosity).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood viscosity and haemostatic factors in late pregnancy, pre‐eclampsia and fetal growth retardation

Thorburn

Drummond

Whtgham

et al. 1982

BJOG

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Summary. Blood viscosity and several of its determinants (packed cell volume, plasma viscosity, plasma fibrinogen and erythrocyte deformability) and several haemostatic variables (platelet count, serum fibrin degradation products and plasma soluble fibrin) were measured in 106 women during normal third‐trimester pregnancy, 12 patients with moderate pre‐eclampsia, nine patients with severe pre‐eclampsia and 16 patients with confirmed fetal growth retardation. Blood viscosity was measured at high and low shear rates (94.5 and 0.94 s−1), with and without correction to a standard packed cell volume of 0.45. In normal pregnancy low‐shear blood viscosity increased significantly towards term, associated with significant increases in packed cell volume and plasma viscosity (but not fibrinogen); there was no change in high‐shear blood viscosity at native packed cell volume and a decrease in viscosity after correction for packed cell volume, associated with a significant increase in erythrocyte deformability. Significant decrease in the platelet count and significant increases in serum fibrin degradation products and plasma soluble fibrin suggested a degree of haemostatic activation in normal third‐trimester pregnancy. In moderate pre‐eclampsia blood viscosity was significantly lower at low shear rate, due to a significantly lower packed cell volume and despite a significantly elevated plasma viscosity. In severe pre‐eclampsia high‐shear blood viscosity was significantly elevated after correction for packed cell volume, associated with a significantly reduced erythrocyte deformability; plasma fibrinogen levels were reduced, but other variables were not significantly abnormal. In fetal growth retardation blood viscosity was significantly increased at both shear rates, despite a reduced packed cell volume: this was also associated with a significant reduction in erythrocyte deformability. In general there was little correlation between blood viscosity factors and haemostatic variables, but in normal‐term pregnancy soluble fibrin levels correlated with blood viscosity at both shear rates. We suggest that increased blood viscosity and decreased erythrocyte deformability may play a role in the placental insufficiency of severe pre‐eclampsia and fetal growth retardation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood viscosity and haemostatic factors in late pregnancy, pre‐eclampsia and fetal growth retardation

Thorburn

Drummond

Whtgham

et al. 1982

BJOG

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show abstract

“…Blood viscosity, which in high‐shear stress is dependent on the interplay of the changes in plasma viscosity and haematocrit, decreases with gestation (5, 11–13). However, there is controversy as to the changes in plasma viscosity, with some studies reporting no change with gestation (11, 14), some reporting an increase (12, 13), some a decrease (1) and others an initial increase followed either by no significant changes (15) or by a subsequent decrease (5).…”

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confidence: 99%

Haemorheological adaptation during pregnancy in a Latin American population

Kametas

Krampl

McAuliffe

et al. 2001

European J of Haematology

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“…Plasma viscosity values in pregnancy were always controversial, with some studies reporting no change with gestation [12,16], some reporting an increase [20,37], some a decrease [17], and others an initial increase followed either by no significant changes [14] or by a subsequent decrease [7]. In case of preeclampsia, the reports are not in a better harmony, with reports showing hyperviscosity [6], others showing no relevant changes [18].…”

Section: Aa Soliman Et Al / Rheologic Results and Their Correlation To Hemostatic Changes In Patients 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheologic results and their correlation to hemostatic changes in patients with moderate and severe preeclampsia: An observational cross-sectional study

Csorba

Yilmaz

et al. 2015

Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation

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Previous study have shown an association between failure of physiological hemodilution during 2nd trimester and an increased risk for the development of subsequent pregnancy complications such as early birth, birth of a growth retarded newborn (IUGR), low fetal birth weight and preeclampsia. The latter complication in particular goes along with dramatic changes in the placental perfusion as well as systemic maternal blood flow. Severity of preeclampsia may be preceded by distinct impaired hemodilution and reflected by the results of rheological parameters.A subgroup analysis was performed in a community based retrospective study of 4,985 consecutively recorded singleton pregnant women of whom 423 had preeclampsia. Mean 2nd trimester hemoglobin levels and blood rheological results at the time of delivery were assessed and compared in women with moderate and severe preeclampsia. Mean 2nd trimester hemoglobin levels were calculated from the maternal records. Rheological variables included plasma viscosity (KSPV 1 Fresenius) and Red blood cell aggregation in stasis and under low shear conditions (MA1-Aggregometer; Myrenne).According to the definition of the German Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (DGGG) 314 women had moderate preeclampsia (74.2%), while 109 had severe preeclampsia due to the presence of a blood pressure >170/110 mmHg (n = 41; 9.7%), and/or IUGR <5th percentile (n = 28; 6.6%), and/or HELLP-Syndrome (n = 10; 2.4%), and/or proteinuria ≥5 g/24 h (n = 30; 7.1%). Age, BMI, smoking, and maternal weight were comparable in the groups, while gestational age at delivery as well as fetal outcome parameter were statistically significant unfavourable in patients with severe preeclampsia.Mean 2nd trimester hemoglobin level were statistically significantly higher in women who developed severe vs. moderate preeclampsia (m = 12.75 ± 0.99 g/dL vs. m = 12.50 ± 1.05 g/dL; p = 0.033). However, in the ROC calculations a hemoglobin value of 12.05 g/dL revealed best sensitivity (78%) and specificity (33.8%) in women with subsequent diagnosis of severe preeclampsia, whereas sensitivity was 100% for a value >10.95 g/dL. There were no statistically significant differences for none of the rheological parameters at the time of delivery between groups of patient with moderate v.s severe preeclampsia.Severe preeclampsia and IUGR, however, was associated with statistically significantly higher RBC aggregation as compared to patients with moderate preeclampsia. Plasma viscosity was statistically significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with Fibrinogen values

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Blood Viscosity in Pregnancy

Cited by 31 publications

References 4 publications

Blood viscosity and haemostatic factors in late pregnancy, pre‐eclampsia and fetal growth retardation

Blood viscosity and haemostatic factors in late pregnancy, pre‐eclampsia and fetal growth retardation

Haemorheological adaptation during pregnancy in a Latin American population

Rheologic results and their correlation to hemostatic changes in patients with moderate and severe preeclampsia: An observational cross-sectional study

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