Bloodmeal regulation in mosquitoes curtails dehydration-induced mortality, altering vectorial capacity

Holmes, Christopher J.; Brown, Elliott; Sharma, Dhriti; Nguyen, Quynh; Spangler, Austin; Pathak, Atit; Payton, Blaine; Warden, Matthew; Shah, Ashay J; Shaw, Samantha; Benoit, Joshua B.

doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2022.104363

Cited by 16 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…; Supplementary Table 5). This may offer additional insight into the reasons behind reduced egg production observed in dehydrated mosquitoes [7], or potentially into the veiled 20hydroxyecdysone (20E) signaling pathway. Another over-expressed gene of interest identified in our Y1_Y7 comparison, vigilin (AAEL001421-RA), has been implicated in the formation of RACK1, which is involved in viral RNA binding for DENV genome amplification [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies over the last century have investigated the relationships between mosquitoes and relative humidity [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, only a subset of those studies has investigated the physiological effects of low relative humidity on mosquito biology, with an even smaller subset controlling for and directly studying the impacts of relative humidity on mosquitoes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hagan et al (2018) began investigating the potential for compensatory mechanisms in dehydrated mosquitoes, finding that biting propensity and carbohydrate metabolism was altered in dehydrated C. pipiens, culminating in a predicted increase to West Nile virus (WNV) transmission [1]. Holmes et al (2022) continued this line of research, finding in a recent study with C. pipiens and A. aegypti that dehydration prompted increases in bloodfeeding propensity and greater water content retention from a bloodmeal, resulting in improved survival for bloodfed mosquitoes in dehydrating conditions [7]. These responses to dehydration were predicted to increase compensatory bloodfeeding as a response to lost water, ultimately altering the vectorial capacity of both C. pipiens and A. aegypti [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dehydration alters transcript levels in the mosquito midgut, likely facilitating rapid rehydration

Holmes

Brown

Sharma

et al. 2022

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The mosquito midgut is an important site for bloodmeal regulation while also acting as a primary site for pathogen exposure within the mosquito. Recent studies show that exposure to dehydrating conditions alters mosquito bloodfeeding behaviors as well as post-feeding regulation, likely altering how pathogens interact with the mosquito. Unfortunately, few studies have explored the underlying dynamics between dehydration and bloodmeal utilization, and the overall impact on disease transmission dynamics remains veiled. In this study, we find that dehydration-based feeding in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, prompts alterations to midgut gene expression, as well as subsequent physiological factors involving water control and post-bloodfeeding (pbf) regulation. Altered expression of ion transporter genes in the midgut of dehydrated mosquitoes and rapid reequilibration of hemolymph osmolality after a bloodmeal indicate an ability to expedite fluid and ion processing. These alterations ultimately indicate that female A. aegypti employ mechanisms to ameliorate the detriments of dehydration by imbibing a bloodmeal, providing an effective avenue for rehydration. Continued research into bloodmeal utilization and the resulting effects on arthropod-borne transmission dynamics becomes increasingly important as drought prevalence is increased by climate change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dehydration alters transcript levels in the mosquito midgut, likely facilitating rapid rehydration

Holmes

Brown

Sharma

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Raw Illumina reads were processed through two independent pipelines for comparison (Davis et al 2021, Pathak et al 2022. For the first pipeline, reads were trimmed for adapters in CLC Genomics Workbench version 12.0 (QIAGEN).…”

Section: Bioinformatic Analysis Of Transcriptional Changes During Thr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to this, as temperatures increase due to climate change and droughts increase in frequency, it is hypothesized that generalist pests, like the western flower thrips, will thrive (Gely et al 2020). As insects that spend most of their lives on a host plant, thrips likely obtain most, if not all, of their water through feeding, thus water balance should be accounted for when assessing feeding, vectorial capacity, and disease transmission (Holmes and Benoit 2019, Holmes et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dehydration and infection elicit increased feeding in the western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis, likely triggered by glycogen depletion

Bailey

Kondragunta

Choi

et al. 2022

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We examined water balance characteristics and influence of desiccating conditions on adult western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) physiology and behavior. Western flower thrips are globally invasive and likely to contend with shifts in water availability across their expansive geographic range. Basic water balance characteristics, including water mass and dry mass, were established for adult males and females, revealing a distinct sexual dimorphism wherein females are larger, but males retain a larger percentage of their mass as body water. Males lose relative water mass more quickly and their survival times are shorter when compared to females. RNA-seq analysis identified significant enrichment of factors associated with carbohydrate transport and metabolism in dehydrated males and females. A reduction of glycogen reserves was confirmed during dehydration. The probability of thrips feeding significantly increased when desiccation was a factor. Lastly, infection with Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV), a principal plant-pathogenic virus transmitted by F. occidentalis, did not have a consistent and apparent influence on desiccation tolerance; however, a reduction in glycogen reserves, and an increase in feeding activity in infected thrips, very similar to that observed in dehydrated thrips, was observed. Our results establish the fundamental water balance characteristics of adult thrips, and indicate that dehydration significantly influences the survivorship and feeding behavior of thrips; crucial factors that contribute to their capacity to spread disease.

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Dehydration and tomato spotted wilt virus infection combine to alter feeding and survival parameters for the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis

Bailey,

Kondragunta,

Choi

et al. 2024

Current Research in Insect Science

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Bloodmeal regulation in mosquitoes curtails dehydration-induced mortality, altering vectorial capacity

Cited by 16 publications

References 87 publications

Dehydration alters transcript levels in the mosquito midgut, likely facilitating rapid rehydration

Dehydration alters transcript levels in the mosquito midgut, likely facilitating rapid rehydration

Dehydration and infection elicit increased feeding in the western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis, likely triggered by glycogen depletion

Dehydration and tomato spotted wilt virus infection combine to alter feeding and survival parameters for the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis

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