Blue 470-nm Light Kills Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) <i>in Vitro</i>

Enwemeka, Chukuka S.; Williams, Deborah; Enwemeka, Sombiri K.; Hollosi, Steve; Yens, David

doi:10.1089/pho.2008.2413

Cited by 171 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…[10][11][12][13][14] The mechanism of the antimicrobial effect of blue light is considered to be the photoexcitation of endogenous porphyrins, and, subsequently, the generation of reactive oxygen species, which are toxic to bacterial cells. [15][16][17] In addition, it is commonly accepted that blue light is much less detrimental to mammalian cells than is ultraviolet irradiation, 18,19 which is another light-based antimicrobial approach being investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blue Light Eliminates Community-Acquired Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusin Infected Mouse Skin Abrasions

Dai

Gupta

Huang

et al. 2013

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery

107

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Background and objective: Bacterial skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) affect millions of individuals annually in the United States. Treatment of SSTI has been significantly complicated by the increasing emergence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) strains. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of blue light (415 -10 nm) therapy for eliminating CA-MRSA infections in skin abrasions of mice. Methods: The susceptibilities of a CA-MRSA strain (USA300LAC) and human keratinocytes (HaCaT) to blue light inactivation were compared by in vitro culture studies. A mouse model of skin abrasion infection was developed using bioluminescent USA300LAC::lux. Blue light was delivered to the infected mouse skin abrasions at 30 min (acute) and 24 h (established) after the bacterial inoculation. Bioluminescence imaging was used to monitor in real time the extent of infection in mice. Results: USA300LAC was much more susceptible to blue light inactivation than HaCaT cells ( p = 0.038). Approximately 4.75-log 10 bacterial inactivation was achieved after 170 J/cm 2 blue light had been delivered, but only 0.29 log 10 loss of viability in HaCaT cells was observed. Transmission electron microscopy imaging of USA300LAC cells exposed to blue light exhibited disruption of the cytoplasmic content, disruption of cell walls, and cell debris. In vivo studies showed that blue light rapidly reduced the bacterial burden in both acute and established CA-MRSA infections. More than 2-log 10 reduction of bacterial luminescence in the mouse skin abrasions was achieved when 41.4 (day 0) and 108 J/cm

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of the publications on the antimicrobial effect of blue light have been confined to in vitro studies. [10][11][12]25,26 There have been (rather surprisingly) no published preclinical or clinical reports demonstrating blue light therapy for SSTI in animal models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue Light Eliminates Community-Acquired Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusin Infected Mouse Skin Abrasions

Dai

Gupta

Huang

et al. 2013

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery

107

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“…Another novel light-based approach, blue light therapy, is attracting increasing attention due to its intrinsic antimicrobial effect without the addition of exogenous photosensitizers (21)(22)(23)(24)(25). In addition, it is accepted that blue light is much less detrimental to mammalian cells than UV irradiation (26,27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue Light Rescues Mice from Potentially Fatal Pseudomonas aeruginosa Burn Infection: Efficacy, Safety, and Mechanism of Action

Dai

Gupta

Huang

et al. 2013

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

199

193

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Blue light has attracted increasing attention due to its intrinsic antimicrobial effect without the addition of exogenous photosensitizers. However, the use of blue light for wound infections has not been established yet. In this study, we demonstrated the efficacy of blue light at 415 nm for the treatment of acute, potentially lethal Pseudomonas aeruginosa burn infections in mice. Our in vitro studies demonstrated that the inactivation rate of P. aeruginosa cells by blue light was approximately 35-fold higher than that of keratinocytes (P ‫؍‬ 0.0014). Transmission electron microscopy revealed blue light-mediated intracellular damage to P. aeruginosa cells. Fluorescence spectroscopy suggested that coproporphyrin III and/or uroporphyrin III are possibly the intracellular photosensitive chromophores associated with the blue light inactivation of P. aeruginosa. In vivo studies using an in vivo bioluminescence imaging technique and an area-under-the-bioluminescence-time-curve (AUBC) analysis showed that a single exposure of blue light at 55.8 J/cm 2 , applied 30 min after bacterial inoculation to the infected mouse burns, reduced the AUBC by approximately 100-fold in comparison with untreated and infected mouse burns (P < 0.0001). Histological analyses and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays indicated no significant damage in the mouse skin exposed to blue light at the effective antimicrobial dose. Survival analyses revealed that blue light increased the survival rate of the infected mice from 18.2% to 100% (P < 0.0001). In conclusion, blue light therapy might offer an effective and safe alternative to conventional antimicrobial therapy for P. aeruginosa burn infections.

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“…5 As a consequence, researchers have turned their interest toward alternative disinfection approaches, including bacteriophages, 6 bacteriocins, 7 and light-based treatments. 8 UV irradiation, 9,10 photodynamic therapy, 11,12 blue, 13,14 and near-infrared light 15,16 are all noninvasive methods and have been reported to have the ability to inactivate microorganisms. Moreover, the expectation that the bacteria will develop light-resistant genes is low.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm after ultraviolet light-emitting diode treatment: a comparative study between ultraviolet C and ultraviolet B

et al. 2017

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Blue 470-nm Light Kills Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Vitro

Abstract: At practical dose ranges, 470-nm blue light kills HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA in vitro, suggesting that a similar bactericidal effect may be attained in human cases of cutaneous and subcutaneous MRSA infections.

Cited by 171 publications

References 25 publications

Blue Light Eliminates Community-Acquired Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusin Infected Mouse Skin Abrasions

Blue Light Eliminates Community-Acquired Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusin Infected Mouse Skin Abrasions

Blue Light Rescues Mice from Potentially Fatal Pseudomonas aeruginosa Burn Infection: Efficacy, Safety, and Mechanism of Action

Inactivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm after ultraviolet light-emitting diode treatment: a comparative study between ultraviolet C and ultraviolet B

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