Blueprint for schistosomiasis vaccine development

Bergquist, Robert; Al-Sherbiny, Maged; Barakat, Rashida; Olds, R. J.

doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(02)00048-7

Cited by 119 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Recent studies have amplified these concerns (Hagan & Sharaf, 2003). Independent examination of the six "priority antigens" (paramyosin, glutathione S-transferase, fatty acid binding 14 kDa protein, IrV-5, triose phosphate isomerase and Sm23) via a standard comparative World Health Organization delineated procedure, resulted in none of them providing the stated goal of 40 % protection or better (Bergquist et al, 2002). This report highlights the continued and urgent need for an examination and assessment of additional schistosomiasis vaccine candidates.…”

Section: Malgré Les Progrès Dans Son Contrôle Par Les Campagnes D'éramentioning

confidence: 97%

Characterization of protective immunity induced againstSchistosoma mansonivia DNA priming with the large subunit of calpain (Sm-p80) in the presence of genetic adjuvants

et al. 2005

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Summary :Despite advances in control via snail eradication and large-scale chemotherapy using praziquental, schistosomiasis continues to spread to new geographic areas particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Presently, there is no vaccine for controlling this disease. We have concentrated on a functionally important schistosome antigen Sm-p80 as a possible vaccine candidate for schistosomiasis. Here we report the proliferation of spleen cells in response to the recombinant Sm-p80 protein and cytokine (IFN-γ and IL-4) production by the splenocytes. These spleen cells were obtained from groups of mice that were vaccinated with a DNA vaccine formulation containing Sm-p80 and one of the Th-1 (IL-2 or IL-12) or Th-2 (GM-CSF, IL-4) enhancer cytokines. The splenocytes from the groups of mice vaccinated with Sm-p80 DNA in the presence of Th-2 enhancer cytokines showed moderate but detectable proliferation. The splenocytes obtained from mice vaccinated with Sm-p80 DNA with Th-1 enhancer cytokines IL-2 and IL-12 provided the highest proliferation. The IFN-γ production by splenocytes was found to follow the similar pattern [(Sm-p80) < (Sm-p80 + IL-4) < (Sm-p80 + GM-CSF) < (Sm-p80 + IL-12) < (Sm-p80 + IL-2)], as has been observed for the proliferation and protection data. However, the elevated IL-4 production was inversely correlated to Sm-p80-induced splenocyte proliferation or the protection. These results show again that protective immune response induced by Sm-p80 is of Th-1 type. Résumé

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Section: Malgré Les Progrès Dans Son Contrôle Par Les Campagnes D'éramentioning

confidence: 97%

Characterization of protective immunity induced againstSchistosoma mansonivia DNA priming with the large subunit of calpain (Sm-p80) in the presence of genetic adjuvants

et al. 2005

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“…However, when this approach was tried with the larval stages it yielded a very meagre harvest of novel antigens (Harrop et al 1999(Harrop et al , 2000. Instead, the sera detected the same panel of abundant, highly immunogenic, cytosolic or cytoskeletal antigens reported in other library screens; these incidentally included some of the vaccine candidates promoted by WHO (Bergquist et al 2002). Our conclusion is that a radically new approach is needed to identify the antigenic targets of protection in any of the models described above.…”

Section: The Need To Identify Protective Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

From genomes to vaccines via the proteome

Wilson

Curwen

Braschi

et al. 2004

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…An effective vaccine for human or animal schistosomiasis remains elusive, despite the high incidence of these infections in several parts of the world [1]. Schistosomiasis is a water-borne infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies show that topical lipid formulations of DEET, such as LipoDEET, are highly effective in killing schistosome cercariae in the skin. Minimal systemic absorption, low manufacturing cost, and a wide range of activity against insects and schistosomes potentially makes compounds such as LipoDEET an excellent prophylactic agent against human and animal schistosomiasis in endemic areas, especially for travelers, until an effective vaccine is available.An effective vaccine for human or animal schistosomiasis remains elusive, despite the high incidence of these infections in several parts of the world [1]. Schistosomiasis is a water-borne infection.…”

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confidence: 99%

Topical application of DEET for schistosomiasis

Kalyanasundaram¹

2003

Trends in Parasitology

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N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (also known as DEET) is a broad-spectrum insect repellent that is used extensively against both human and animal pests, worldwide. Recent studies show that topical lipid formulations of DEET, such as LipoDEET, are highly effective in killing schistosome cercariae in the skin. Minimal systemic absorption, low manufacturing cost, and a wide range of activity against insects and schistosomes potentially makes compounds such as LipoDEET an excellent prophylactic agent against human and animal schistosomiasis in endemic areas, especially for travelers, until an effective vaccine is available.An effective vaccine for human or animal schistosomiasis remains elusive, despite the high incidence of these infections in several parts of the world [1]. Schistosomiasis is a water-borne infection. The infective stages of the parasite, called cercariae, are released into fresh water by infected snails from several species such as Biomphalaria spp., Oncomelania spp. and Bulinus spp. Therefore, minimizing water contact and/or destruction of schistosome-bearing snails in endemic areas are probably the best ways to prevent this infection. Indeed, the St Lucia Island project, which involved a 15-year intense schistosomiasis control programme in St Lucia, is probably one of the greatest success stories of schistosomiasis control, indicating that it is possible to control and eradicate schistosomiasis in a well-contained region such as an island [2]. However, restricting people and animals from coming in to close contact with infected water sources in endemic are as in the mainland is an impracticable and daunting task [3]. Snail control in the mainland is probably a much more complicated preposition than that performed in an Island because of the vast area involved, cost of chemical or biological application, changing climatic conditions and several ecological problems [4]. Despite these hurdles, there are a few promising reports of partial success in the control of Schistosoma japonicum infection in mainland China and Philippines as a result of improved hygiene measures [5]. Another alternative to control schistosomiasis in endemic areas is mass chemotherapy with praziquantel, the only effective drug against schistosomiasis. Unfortunately, there are indications of potential drug resistance against praziquantel [6]. Added to this is the declining trend of reduced investment of pharmaceutical industries in drug research for tropical diseases mainly because of the high cost of drug development and registration [7]. Despite our enormous efforts directed towards schistosomiasis control during the past 50 years, schistosomiasis continues to be a global problem and there appears to be no decline in the incidence [8].Infections with schistosomes occur when cercariae penetrate and enter into the body through intact skin. Therefore, blocking entry of cercariae into the skin could potentially control the infection. Over the years, several topical agents have been evaluated for their ability to block cercarial p...

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Blueprint for schistosomiasis vaccine development

Cited by 119 publications

References 53 publications

Characterization of protective immunity induced againstSchistosoma mansonivia DNA priming with the large subunit of calpain (Sm-p80) in the presence of genetic adjuvants

Characterization of protective immunity induced againstSchistosoma mansonivia DNA priming with the large subunit of calpain (Sm-p80) in the presence of genetic adjuvants

From genomes to vaccines via the proteome

Topical application of DEET for schistosomiasis

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