Blunted IL-6 and IL-10 response to maximal aerobic exercise in patients with traumatic brain injury

Timmerman, Kyle L.; Amonette, William E.; Markofski, Melissa M.; Ansinelli, Hayden; Gleason, Elizabeth A.; Rasmussen, Blake B.; Mossberg, Kurt A.

doi:10.1007/s00421-014-2997-4

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…For example, dynamic exercise causes a transient increase in serum concentration of various immunomodulatory proteins, including proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) [11,12]. IL-6 is a cytokine prominently involved in inflammation and host response to infections and also plays a significant role in the regulation of metabolism, tissue regeneration, and neural development [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated IL-6 and TNF-α Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients

Guan

Zhao

et al. 2015

Mol Neurobiol

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The present study investigated the correlation between interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) progression. A meta-analysis was further conducted from pooled data to analyze the clinical value of IL-6 and TNF-α in SAH diagnosis. In our case-control study, a total of 57 SAH patients were assigned to two groups, CVS group (n = 27) and non-CVS group (n = 30), based on the presence of cerebral vasospasm (CVS). In addition, 65 healthy subjects were enrolled as controls. IL-6 and TNF-α levels in CSF were measured in all the study subjects by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For meta-analysis, an exhaustive literature search was conducted to identify relevant published articles and strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select studies for the present meta-analysis. Data extracted from these studies was analyzed using STATA 12.0 software. IL-6 and TNF-α levels in CSF of SAH patients were markedly higher than those of healthy controls (all P < 0.001). Further, CVS patients showed elevated IL-6 and TNF-α levels in CSF compared to non-CVS patients (all P < 0.001). The increase in IL-6 and TNF-α levels in CSF correlated with the increasing disease severity, based on Hunt-Hess grade, in SAH patients (all P < 0.05). Our meta-analysis also confirmed that IL-6 and TNF-α CSF levels were markedly higher in SAH patients compared to healthy controls (all P < 0.001). Ethnicity-stratified analysis showed that both IL-6 and TNF-α CSF levels were elevated in Asian SAH patients, compared to their healthy counterparts (all P < 0.05). The TNF-α CSF levels were significantly higher in Caucasian SAH patients (P < 0.001), but the IL-6 CSF levels showed no such differences compared to the healthy controls (P = 0.219). Subgroup analysis based on the presence of CVS showed that both IL-6 and TNF-α CSF levels were markedly higher in CVS patients than those in non-CVS patients (all P < 0.05). Our results provide strong evidence that IL-6 and TNF-α CSF levels are elevated in SAH patients and may participate in SAH development. Thus, these two cytokines could be important biomarkers for early diagnosis and disease monitoring in SAH patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated IL-6 and TNF-α Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients

Guan

Zhao

et al. 2015

Mol Neurobiol

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“…Oleh karena itu diperlukan penentuan peran IL-6 di masa depan dalam memrediksi hasil lainnya. 9 Pada penelitian ini kadar serum IL-6 terendah ialah 14,38 pg/ml dan tertinggi 29,38 pg/ml dengan rerata 22,060 pg/ml. Kadar IL-6 meningkat dalam 24 jam pertama setelah cedera otak berat.…”

Section: Bahasanunclassified

Hubungan Kadar Interleukin 6 Serum dan Klasifikasi CT Marshal pada Penderita Cedera Otak Berat Akibat Trauma

Manginte¹,

Prasetyo²,

Oley³

2019

JBM

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Increase of interleukin 6 (IL-6) level occurs in the brain after traumatic brain injury (TBI), however, studies about IL-6 as a prodictor based on CT-scan is still limited. This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum IL-6 level and CT Marshall classification in patients with severe TBI. This was an observational study with a cross sectional design. There were 20 patients with severe TBI admitted at the Emergency Surgery Installation of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado in this study. CT-scan was performed on them to determine the CT Marshall classification and to categorize the hemorrhage location (extra-axial, intra-axial, both), hemisphere (midline/diffuse, dextral, sinistral), and area (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, multiple). Venous blood sample used for IL-6 examination was drawn less than 24 hours after trauma. The results showed that mean IL-6 level was 22.0060 pg/mL (SD 4.64494 pg/mL). Patients were distributed relatively uniform in 4 detected categories (diffuse injury II, III, V, and VI) of CT Marshall classification. Final regression model consisted of IL-6, age, and temporal injury as predictors. The Spearman coefficient correlation showed rs = -0.005 (P=0.491). Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between serum Il-6 level and CT Marshall classification, albeit, both of them increased consistantly following the severity of TBI and could be potential predictors to determine the prognosis of severe TBI patients.

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“…Ayrıca, gerek immün hücre kaynaklı sitokinlerin etkisiyle gerekse egzersizle artan BDNF'nin mikroglial hücrelere direkt uyarıcı etkisiyle SSS'nin primer immün hücreleri kabul edilen mikroglial hücrelerden sitokin salınımı başlatılmak-tadır. 30 Mikroglial M1-alt grup hücrelerde proinflamatuar sitokin gerekmektedir. Asosiasyon alanları, gelen duysal uyarıları değerlendiren ve anlamlandı-ran neo-kortekstir.…”

Section: Egzersi̇zi̇n İnflamatuar Ve Metaboli̇k Yanitlara Etki̇si̇unclassified

“…34 Ayrıca travmatik beyin yaralanması sonrasında, egzersize verilen antiinflamatuar yanıtlarda gecikme olduğu, IL-6 ve IL-10 ya- nıtları, hipotalamo-adrenal aks ritminin geciktiği ça-lışmalarda gösterilmiştir. 30 Baskılanmış veya geciken antiinflamatuar yanıtların hasarlı beyinde stres riskini artıracağı bilinen bir durumdur. 30,[32][33][34] Deneysel kesitlerde, travma sonrası en erken beşinci haftada ve orta şiddette, üç ay süreyle uygulanan egzersiz sonrasında mikroglial inflamatuar yanıtta azalma, motor ve bilişsel yanıtta düzelme gösterildiği bildirilmiştir.…”

Section: Egzersi̇zi̇n İnflamatuar Ve Metaboli̇k Yanitlara Etki̇si̇unclassified

“…30 Baskılanmış veya geciken antiinflamatuar yanıtların hasarlı beyinde stres riskini artıracağı bilinen bir durumdur. 30,[32][33][34] Deneysel kesitlerde, travma sonrası en erken beşinci haftada ve orta şiddette, üç ay süreyle uygulanan egzersiz sonrasında mikroglial inflamatuar yanıtta azalma, motor ve bilişsel yanıtta düzelme gösterildiği bildirilmiştir. 35 Kafa travması sonrasında erken dönemde, şiddetli egzersizi önermeyen ve düşük dirençte, ritmik, dinamik egzersizlerin yaşa göre adapte edilerek maksimal kalp hızının %60'ı kapasitesinde, 20-40 dk süreli ve haftada üç kez uygulanmasını öneren çalışmalar mevcuttur.…”

Section: Egzersi̇zi̇n İnflamatuar Ve Metaboli̇k Yanitlara Etki̇si̇unclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Brain and Exercise: Review

Meray¹,

Yenice²

2018

J PMR Sci

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Blunted IL-6 and IL-10 response to maximal aerobic exercise in patients with traumatic brain injury

Abstract: These data indicate that patients recovering from TBI have blunted IL-6, IL-10, and cortisol responses following a peak exercise test compared to non-TBI controls. This lack of an exercise response may represent impaired hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function.

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

Elevated IL-6 and TNF-α Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients

Elevated IL-6 and TNF-α Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients

Hubungan Kadar Interleukin 6 Serum dan Klasifikasi CT Marshal pada Penderita Cedera Otak Berat Akibat Trauma

Brain and Exercise: Review

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