Blurred lines: The relationship between catcalls and compliments

Gennaro, Kristen di; Ritschel, Chelsea

doi:10.1016/j.wsif.2019.102239

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Difficulties in establishing any kind of firm typology of harassment are further complicated by the fact that what is lived or experienced as harassment can be highly context-dependent and subjective (di Gennaro & Ritschel, 2019; Fairchild, 2010; Farmer & Jordan, 2017; Fileborn, 2013, 2017b; Heben, 1994–1995; McCarty et al, 2014; Vera-Gray, 2016b). Interpretations of what counts as harassment are themselves made through the discursive lens of myths and stereotypes that exclude all but the most extreme iterations of sexual violence and harassment (Hlavka, 2014; Kelly, 1988).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interpretations of what counts as harassment are themselves made through the discursive lens of myths and stereotypes that exclude all but the most extreme iterations of sexual violence and harassment (Hlavka, 2014; Kelly, 1988). Moreover, many forms of public harassment are not overtly sexualized and may appear ambiguous, if not “friendly” in nature, when viewed as isolated incidents (e.g., commands to “smile” or apparent greetings such as “hello”—see Bailey, 2016, 2017; di Gennaro & Ritschel, 2019; Vera-Gray, 2016a, 2016b; Vera-Gray & Fileborn, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather, as Bailey (2016, 2017) highlights, street remarks draw on the language that is typically used in addressing a romantic partner as opposed to a stranger (see also Millan, 2016). As a result of this breach of the “rules of civil interaction,” we can understand such comments as “an attempt to conjure and impose a fleeting moment of heterosexual intimacy,” while their nonreciprocal nature reflects and perpetuates a manifestation of unequal power with women (re)positioned as “open,” “low status” individuals in public space (Bailey, 2016, p. 599; see also di Gennaro & Ritschel, 2019; Kissling & Kramarae, 1991; Lahsaeizadeh & Yousefinejad, 2012; Lowe & Hayes, 2019; Millan, 2016). However, the otherwise conventional and accepted language used (e.g., “hey, baby,” “how are you today?”), “along with the relative difficulty of articulating the implicit social conventions that they breach, may veil their harm and indirectly contribute to the perpetuation of male domination of women in public spaces (Bailey, 2016, p. 607).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

From “Ghettoization” to a Field of Its Own: A Comprehensive Review of Street Harassment Research

Fileborn

O’Neill

2021

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Street harassment represents one of the most pervasive forms of sexual violence. While it is commonly understood as a gender-based harm, it also intersects with racist, homophobic, transphobic, ableist, and other forms of abuse. Although it is rarely responded to through government policy, research illustrates that street harassment can have profoundly negative impacts of those who experience it. This article provides a comprehensive review of the current “state of the field” of street harassment research. We undertook two extensive searches of the EBSCO Discovery database in 2015 and 2020, followed by the use of reference snowballing and a Google Scholar search in order to triangulate results. Studies included in the sample were published in English, peer-reviewed and centrally focused on street harassment. Dissertations and nongovernmental organization reports were also included due to the small number of studies in this field. One hundred eighty-two sources were included in the final sample. Findings show that publications on this topic have increased substantially across the two reviews. We provide a thematic overview of key research findings to date and argue throughout that current research suffers from conceptual and typological slippage and does not consistently take into account the need for an intersectional analysis. We close with suggestions for future directions in research and practice, given the emergent nature of the field.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From “Ghettoization” to a Field of Its Own: A Comprehensive Review of Street Harassment Research

Fileborn

O’Neill

2021

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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“…In public spaces, catcalls, i.e., unwanted appearance comments from strangers, are frequently dismissed as compliments, i.e., a harmless and even flattering experience for women (di Gennaro & Ritschel, 2019;Spaccatini et al, 2019). However, research demonstrates that catcalls are associated with the fear of rape (Macmillan et al, 2000), the perceived likelihood of being a victim of gender crimes (Donnelly & Calogero, 2018), the restriction of movement (Fairchild & Rudman, 2008), and the alteration of habitual transportation routes (Livingston et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“You Look So Beautiful… But Why Are You So Distressed?”: The Negative Effects of Appearance Compliments on the Psychological Well-being of Individuals in the Workplace

Pacilli

Spaccatini

Roccato

2022

Sexuality & Culture

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The primacy of beauty for women is frequently conveyed through language and, more particularly, through a particular class of conversational devices, compliments. Although previous research has been conducted on the impact of appearance compliments on individuals’ psychological state, research has yet to examine what happens when a compliment about the appearance clearly conveys a positive evaluation in a domain that is completely unrelated to the evaluation’s context, such as a selection interview for a job. Because the selection of a candidate should be based solely on their skills and competence, with no role for physical appearance, we purposely chose a job interview scenario to examine the psychological impact of inappropriate compliments. Through two 2-by-2 experimental studies (Ns respectively = 135 and 301), we examined whether and how anxiety and depression levels vary in women (Study 1 and Study 2) and men (Study 2) applicants who received compliments on their physical appearance, vs. their competence and had a neutral vs. positive feedback on the result of the interview. Findings of the two studies consistently showed that inappropriate compliments increase anxiety and depression levels in women but not in men, independently of the positive or neutral result of the selection interview. This research provides an important opportunity to advance the understanding of inappropriate appearance compliments on psychological well-being of the recipients in the workplace setting.

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“…Motivations for catcalls range from boredom and male-bonding to desire to anger or humiliate women. While some interpret catcalls as flattering, and while on the surface these speech acts may indeed appear as compliments, many recipients see them as an invasion of privacy or as a type of sexual harassment (19). Catcalling usually occurs in public areas and is done to strangers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<em></em>Catcalling As a Representation of the Strong Patriarchal Culture in the Perspective of Feminism

Ervinda¹,

Re²,

Pandin³

2021

Preprint

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Patriarchy culture is formed indirectly through a concept of a man as a head of family or the holder of the highest position. It leads to viewpoint that catcalling is assumed normally. Although catcalling seems like a compliment, but it is quite different with the exact compliment. The basic difference from them both is a compliment comes to sincerely from its giver, meanwhile catcalling is aimed to harass indirectly to women. This study aims to give an information and solution about the catcalling expansion in public areas especially by women community. The use of method to finish this study is qualitative design from literature sources for the last four years about problems of catcalling. The result of this study is giving information about catcalling by providing data and looking for solution related to catcalling phenomenon.

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Blurred lines: The relationship between catcalls and compliments

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

From “Ghettoization” to a Field of Its Own: A Comprehensive Review of Street Harassment Research

From “Ghettoization” to a Field of Its Own: A Comprehensive Review of Street Harassment Research

“You Look So Beautiful… But Why Are You So Distressed?”: The Negative Effects of Appearance Compliments on the Psychological Well-being of Individuals in the Workplace

<em></em>Catcalling As a Representation of the Strong Patriarchal Culture in the Perspective of Feminism

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