BMC: A modulating bar for copper electrowining designed for heavy duty and high reliability

Abstract

This works presents the research, development and design of a BMC intercell bar for copper electrowining following heavy duty and high-reliability guidelines. As a result, the configuration ensures a low maximum temperature with high-temperature rated connectors. These properties guarantee the hardness and integrity of the contacts and consequently its lifetime. Some key performance indicators include: control and balance of the cathodic current densities, short circuit protection and bypass of weak contacts. Further, it has the unique property of hot-swapability for replacing impaired connectors. Thus, the Availability of the intercell bar under typical electrowining operating conditions is ensured.