BNT162b vaccines protect rhesus macaques from SARS-CoV-2

Vogel, Annette B.; Kanevsky, Isis; Che, Ye; Swanson, Kena A.; Muik, Alexander; Vormehr, Mathias; Kranz, Lena M.; Walzer, Kerstin C; Hein, Stephanie; Güler, Alptekin; Loschko, Jakob; Maddur, Mohan S.; Ota‐Setlik, Ayuko; Tompkins, Kristin; Cole, Journey; Lui, Bonny Gaby; Ziegenhals, Thomas; Plaschke, Arianne; Eisel, David; Dany, Sarah C.; Fesser, Stephanie; Erbar, Stephanie; Bates, Ferdia; Schneider, Diana; Jesionek, Bernadette; Sänger, Bianca; Wallisch, Ann Kathrin; Feuchter, Yvonne; Junginger, Hanna; Krumm, Stefanie A.; Heinen, André; Adams‐Quack, Petra; Schlereth, Julia; Schille, Stefan; Kröner, Christoph; Garcia, Ramón de la Caridad Güimil; Hiller, Thomas; Fischer, Leyla; Sellers, Rani S.; Choudhary, Shambhunath; González, Olga; Vascotto, Fulvia; Gutman, Matthew R.; Fontenot, Jane; Hall-Ursone, Shannan; Brasky, Kathleen M.; Griffor, Matthew C.; Han, Seungil; Su, Andreas A.H.; Lees, Joshua A.; Nedoma, Nicole L.; Mashalidis, Ellene H.; Sahasrabudhe, Parag V.; Tan, Charles; Pavliakova, Danka; Singh, Guy; Fontes-Garfias, Camila R.; Pride, Michael W.; Scully, Ingrid L.; Ciolino, Tara; Obregon, Jennifer; Gaži, Michal; Carrión, Ricardo; Alfson, Kendra J.; Kalina, Warren V.; Kaushal, Deepak; Shi, Pei Yong; Klamp, Thorsten; Rosenbaum, Corinna; Kuhn, Andreas N.; Türeci, Özlem; Dormitzer, Philip R.; Jansen, Kathrin U.; Şahin, Uğur

doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03275-y

Cited by 585 publications

(630 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The BNT162b2 (Comirnaty) mRNA vaccine by BioNTech/Pfizer encodes the full-length transmembrane spike (S) glycoprotein, locked in its prefusion conformation by the substitution of two residues with proline. 20 The available data shows that this vaccine had more than 90% efficacy in preventing COVID-19 in phase III clinical trials, [21][22][23][24] while large-scale monitoring of more than 500,000 vaccinated individuals in Israel supports the result of phase III observations. 25 Here we present results for longitudinal monitoring of strongly binding SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in a group of 122 healthcare workers post-vaccination with the BNT162b2 vaccine, with a strict monitoring regimen that results in high-resolution per-patient data for the first four weeks post-vaccination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Longitudinal determination of mRNA-vaccination induced strongly binding SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in a cohort of Romanian healthcare workers

Korodi

Rákosi

Jenei³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Mass vaccination against the disease caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is a crucial step in slowing the spread of SARS-CoV-2. The BioNTech/Pfizer (BNT162b2) vaccine has been shown to induce strong immune responses among the vaccinated population. Measuring SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike protein IgG levels is a clinically convenient way to estimate post-vaccination humoral immune responses, but only limited data exists about its short- and long-term dynamics. We present a longitudinal analysis of post-vaccination IgG levels in a cohort of 122 healthcare workers vaccinated with BNT162b2 with weekly follow-up until 35 days past the first dose and results of the first monthly follow-up after that for a subset of these. This prospective, multicenter cohort study consists of two periods for short-term and long-term evaluation of post-vaccination IgG levels. Tests were carried out on 666 samples from 122 participants, using in-house anti-spike 1 and anti-nucleocapsid IgG ELISA assays and a commercial, combined version of these. Participants with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection mount a quick immune response, reaching peak IgG levels two weeks after vaccination. In contrast, the corresponding IgG levels for previously uninfected participants increase gradually, changing abruptly after the booster dose. Overall higher IgG levels are maintained for the previously infected group 35-70 days after vaccination, and we observe age-dependence of immune response as well. Our results show a robust humoral immune response mounting gradually after the first vaccine dose for the uninfected group, and a much stronger immune response within 7-14 days after the first dose for the previously infected group.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Longitudinal determination of mRNA-vaccination induced strongly binding SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in a cohort of Romanian healthcare workers

Korodi

Rákosi

Jenei³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The immune system represents an important component against the viral infection through neutralising antibodies production. The trimeric spike glycoprotein (S) of SARS-CoV-2 is a key target for virus neutralising antibodies and the prime candidate for vaccine development [2]. The protein S binds its cellular receptor on the host cells, human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE), through a receptor-binding domain (RBD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination strategy and anti - SARS-CoV-2 S titers in healthcare workers of the INT – IRCCS “Fondazione Pascale” Cancer Center (Naples, Italy)

Cavalcanti

Isgrò

Rea

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the resulting disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), have spread to millions of people globally, requiring the development of billions of different vaccine doses. The SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA vaccine (named BNT162b2/Pfizer), authorized by the FDA, has shown high efficacy in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection after administration of two doses in individuals 16 years of age and older. In the present study, we retrospectively evaluated the differences in the SARS-CoV-2 humoral immune response after vaccine administration in the two different cohorts of workers at the INT - IRCCS “Fondazione Pascale” Cancer Center (Naples, Italy): previously exposed to SARS-CoV-2 subjects and not exposed to SARS-CoV-2 subjects.Methods: We determined specific anti-RBD (receptor-binding domain) titers against trimeric spike glycoprotein (S) of SARS-CoV-2 by Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S immunoassay in serum samples of 35 healthcare workers with a previous documented history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and 158 healthcare workers without, after 1 and 2 doses of vaccine, respectively. Moreover, geometric mean titers and relative fold changes (FC) were calculated.Results: Both previously exposed and not exposed to SARS-CoV-2 subjects developed significant immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 after the administration of 1 and 2 doses of vaccine, respectively. Anti-S antibody responses to the first dose of vaccine were significantly higher in previously SARS-CoV-2-exposed subjects in comparison to titers of not exposed subjects after the first as well as the second dose of vaccine. Fold changes for subjects previously exposed to SARS-CoV-2 was very modest, given the high basal antibody titer, as well as the upper limit of 2500.0 BAU/mL imposed by the Roche methods. Conversely, for naïve subjects, mean fold change following the first dose was low ( =1.6), reaching 3.8 FC in 72 subjects (45.6%) following the second dose.Conclusions: The results showed that, as early as the first dose, SARS-CoV-2-exposed individuals developed a remarkable and statistically significant immune response in comparison to those who did not contract the virus previously, suggesting the possibility of administering only one dose in previously SARS-CoV-2-exposed subjects. FC for previously exposed subjects should not be taken into account for the generally high pre-vaccination values. Conversely, FC for not exposed subjects, after the second dose, were = 3.8 in >45.0% of vaccinees, and ≤3.1 in 19.0%, the latter showing a potential susceptibility to further SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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“…Although the sequence of BNT162b2 mRNA is based on the original SARS-CoV-2 isolated 14 , we and others have shown that sera from those immunized with BNT162b2 retained neutralizing activity against all tested variants, including the B1.1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.617.1 and B.1.525 by BNT162b2-elicited sera

Shi

Liu

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to evolve around the world, generating new variants that are of concern based on their potential for altered transmissibility, pathogenicity, and coverage by vaccines and therapeutics. Here we report that 20 BNT162b2 vaccine-elicited human sera neutralize engineered SARS-CoV-2 with a USA-WA1/2020 genetic background (a virus strain isolated in January 2020) and spike glycoproteins from the newly emerged B.1.617.1 (first identified in India) or B.1.525 (first identified in Nigeria) lineages. Geometric mean plaque reduction neutralization titers against the variant viruses, particularly the B.1.617.1 variant, are lower than the titer against USA-WA1/2020 virus, but all sera tested neutralize the variant viruses at titers of at least 40. The susceptibility of the newly emerged B.1.617.1 and B.1.525 variants to BNT162b2 vaccine-elicited neutralization supports mass immunization as a central strategy to end the COVID-19 pandemic across geographies.

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BNT162b vaccines protect rhesus macaques from SARS-CoV-2

Cited by 585 publications

References 55 publications

Longitudinal determination of mRNA-vaccination induced strongly binding SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in a cohort of Romanian healthcare workers

Longitudinal determination of mRNA-vaccination induced strongly binding SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in a cohort of Romanian healthcare workers

Vaccination strategy and anti - SARS-CoV-2 S titers in healthcare workers of the INT – IRCCS “Fondazione Pascale” Cancer Center (Naples, Italy)

Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.617.1 and B.1.525 by BNT162b2-elicited sera

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