Bodily differences between Cold- and Heat-prescription groups in Sasang medicine

Park, Young Joo; Nam, Jin Hyun; Do, Jun-Hyeong; Jin, Hee Jeong; Kim, Jong Yeol

doi:10.1016/j.imr.2016.04.002

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Interestingly, the results of this study are consistent with TKM theory [ 30 ]. Although there are no previous studies examining tongue color, a comparative study was conducted on the facial color of patients with cold and heat patterns in the Tae-Eum type by Park YJ et al [ 31 ]. They observed that facial colors based on actual clinical data were similar among three types (Tae-Eum, So-Yang, and So-Eum).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Cold‐Heat Patterns with Tongue Features, Body Composition, Anthropometric Indices, and Blood Parameters in Tae‐Eum Type

Kim

Park

Yoon

et al. 2018

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Introduction The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between cold-heat patterns and body composition, anthropometric indices, blood parameters, and tongue features in Tae-Eum type subjects. We also sought to determine whether significant indicators could be used as risk factors for predicting cold-heat patterns in a clinic. MethodsThis prospective, case-control pilot study was conducted at a single center. The subjects were males and females aged 19 years or older who had been analyzed as the Tae-Eum type. After screening, subject allocation was performed. The body composition, 11 anthropometric indices, blood parameters, and tongue features of the subjects were measured by well-trained practitioners. An independent t-test was conducted to compare the cold- and heat-pattern groups. Binary logistic regression was performed to determine significant differences between the two groups after adjusting for age, sex, and systolic blood pressure, with a focus on identifying significant indicators. ResultsEighty-nine participants were recruited, 39 of whom were excluded from the analysis. Ultimately, 20 cold-pattern and 30 heat-pattern subjects were included in the final analysis. We found that alanine aminotransferase and all anthropometric indices, except for neck and forehead circumference, were significant predictive factors in both groups according to the binary regression analysis. Additionally, the tongue body color in the cold-pattern group was significantly paler than that in the heat-pattern group. ConclusionsThis study found that cold and heat patterns were significantly associated with body composition, anthropometric indices, blood parameters, and tongue features. We suggest that these factors could thus be used as objective indicators and predictors of cold-heat patterns. Our findings provide fundamental but also applicable data that will be useful for diagnosing and monitoring cold-heat patterns in Tae-Eum type patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Cold‐Heat Patterns with Tongue Features, Body Composition, Anthropometric Indices, and Blood Parameters in Tae‐Eum Type

Kim

Park

Yoon

et al. 2018

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…As for the body shape, Heat subgroups of Tae-Eum and So-Yang type have higher BMI value than Cold subgroups in this study ( Table 3 ). In a previous study with So-Yang and Tae-Eum types 29 , Heat subgroup was higher than Cold subgroup in the chest circumference of So-Yang male and rib-to-pelvic circumference ratio of Tae-Eum type, although the BMI showed no significant differences between Cold and Heat prescription subgroups. However, other study without considering Sasang typology showed that the BMI of Heat pattern group is higher than that of Cold pattern group in male and female 33 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…One study examined the pathophysiological features of Cold-Heat subgroups with arbitrary measures lacking quantification and validation 27 , 28 . Another study examined the temperament of subgroups using only the So-Yang type groups 25 , and body shape with two Sasang type groups of Tae-Eum and So-Eum 29 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biopsychological and pathophysiological features of Cold-Heat subgroup of Sasang typology with Sasang Digestive Function Inventory, Sasang Personality Questionnaire and Body Mass Index

Lee

Han

Hwang

et al. 2018

Integrative Medicine Research

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BackgroundThe Sasang typology is a traditional Korean personalized medicine and its Cold-Heat subgroup identification is essential for effective use of medical herbs and acupuncture. The purpose of this study was to discover differences between Cold-Heat subgroups with objective clinical measures and to examine its clinical usefulness.MethodsThe pathophysiological symptoms of the digestive system, temperament and body shape of 241 patients were measured using the Sasang Digestive Function Inventory (SDFI), Sasang Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and Body Mass Index (BMI). The differences between Cold and Heat subgroups of each Sasang types were tested by Analysis of Covariance considering age and sex, while the associations of SDFI, SPQ and BMI with Cold-Heat subgroup were examined by logistic regression analysis.ResultsThere were significant differences between Cold and Heat subgroups in SDFI, SPQ and BMI for the So-Yang, SDFI and BMI for the Tae-Eum type and SDFI-Digestion subscale for the So-Eum type. Moreover, the SDFI-Digestion was a substantial predictor for Cold-Heat subgroup identification in three Sasang types. The logistic regression model with SDFI, SPQ and BMI correctly predicted 81.9%, 77% and 75.5% of the Cold-Heat subgroups in So-Yang, Tae-Eum and So-Eum types, respectively.ConclusionThe results of the present study showed that the objective and validated clinical measures of SDFI, SPQ and BMI would be useful for differentiating Cold-Heat subgroups of Sasang typology. Further clinical studies on pathophysiological mechanisms in Cold-Heat subgroup are required to generalize these results.

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“…Attempts have been made to quantitatively analyze the complexion to use this important factor objectively in TKM diagnoses [ 10 ]. One study examined the use of the complexion as a diagnostic element in SCM, in addition to body shape or symptoms [ 11 , 12 ]. Although some studies have examined the use of the complexion as a diagnostic factor, objective evidence based on clinical data has been insufficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Complexion between Cold‐ and Heat‐Prescription Groups in Sasang Medicine

Park

Kim

et al. 2017

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Sasang constitutional medicine (SCM) is a type of traditional Korean medicine (TKM) that classifies the human constitution into four types. The appearance of the complexion is one of the diagnostic factors of SCM but is rarely used in a quantitative and objective manner for diagnosis. In this study, an analysis using actual clinical data was conducted to assess the use of the complexion as a diagnostic element. A total of 528 Sasang medicine prescriptions from Korea Constitutional Multicenter Bank (KCMB) were classified into either a Cold-prescription group or a Heat-prescription group, and the complexion differences of the patients were analyzed using the * * * color space. After adjusting for age, BMI, and systolic blood pressure, significant differences were observed among the Cold-and Heat-prescription groups within each Sasang constitution. However, when the Sasang constitution was ignored, no significant difference was observed for either sex. This study quantitatively analyzed the complexion of patients, which is used as a diagnostic element in clinical practice. It is hoped that the results will contribute to objective medical treatments in the future, such as determining an appropriate herbal prescription based on the patient's complexion.

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Bodily differences between Cold- and Heat-prescription groups in Sasang medicine

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Association of Cold‐Heat Patterns with Tongue Features, Body Composition, Anthropometric Indices, and Blood Parameters in Tae‐Eum Type

Association of Cold‐Heat Patterns with Tongue Features, Body Composition, Anthropometric Indices, and Blood Parameters in Tae‐Eum Type

Biopsychological and pathophysiological features of Cold-Heat subgroup of Sasang typology with Sasang Digestive Function Inventory, Sasang Personality Questionnaire and Body Mass Index

Differences in Complexion between Cold‐ and Heat‐Prescription Groups in Sasang Medicine

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