Body Anthropometry and the Risk of Hip and Wrist Fractures in Men: Results from a Prospective Study

Owusu, William; Willett, Walter C.; Ascherio, Alberto; Spiegelman, Donna; Rimm, Eric B.; Feskanich, Diane; Colditz, Graham A.

doi:10.1002/j.1550-8528.1998.tb00309.x

Cited by 46 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This result may appear conflicting with several observations, arising from epidemiological studies and suggesting that a high BMI is protective against fractures. 9,[34][35][36] In these studies, it was proposed that BMI could provide: (1) skeletal loading, which may cause a compensatory increase in bone mass, [34][35][36] and (2) padding that protects against fractures during falls. 9 We do not want to argue against these potential benefits from a high BMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Also there are evidences to suggest that an increased body fat mass decreases postural stability and increases the odds of falling, particularly when combined with low muscle mass. Owusu et al 9 reported that hip and wrist fractures among 43 053 men aged 40-75 years was increased depending on waist circumference and waist-tohip ratio. Four studies with obese boys also suggest that obesity imposes added constraints on the postural control system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing weight increases postural stability in obese and morbid obese men

et al. 2006

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Objective: To investigate the effect of weight loss on balance control in obese and morbid obese men. Methods: In a longitudinal and clinical intervention study, postural stability was measured with a force platform before and after weight loss in men. Weight loss was obtained in obese men (mean body mass index (BMI) ¼ 33.0 kg/m 2 ) by hypocaloric diet until resistance and in morbid obese men (mean BMI ¼ 50.5 kg/m 2 ) by bariatric surgery. Morbid obese men were tested before surgery, and 3 and 12 months after surgery when they had lost 20 and nearly 50% of initial body weight, respectively. Normal weight individuals (mean BMI ¼ 22.7 kg/m 2 ) were tested twice within a 6-to 12-month period to serve as control. Body fatness and fat distribution measures, and posturographic parameters of the center of foot pressure (CP) along the antero-posterior and medio-lateral axes for conditions with and without vision were performed in all subjects. Results: Weight loss averaged 12.3 kg after dieting and 71.3 kg after surgery. Body weight remained unchanged in the control group. After weight loss, nearly all measures of postural stability were improved with and without vision (i.e., CP speed and range in antero-posterior and medio-lateral axes). A strong linear relationship was observed between weight loss and improvement in balance control measured from CP speed (adjusted R 2 ¼ 0.65, Po0.001). Conclusion: Weight loss improves balance control in obese men and the extent of the improvement is directly related to the amount of weight loss. This should decrease the habitual greater risk of falling observed in obese individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing weight increases postural stability in obese and morbid obese men

et al. 2006

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“…Several studies have linked body shape with the risk of components of the metabolic syndrome (30 -32), as well as other health outcomes (33,34). A single 3-D body scan, repeated at intervals during adult life, may provide sensitive information about progression in risk and allow improved targeting of those most at risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BMI compared with 3-dimensional body shape: the UK National Sizing Survey

Wells

Treleaven

Cole

2007

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

159

168

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Background: Human body shape is a rich source of information about health and the risk of disease. Measuring anthropometry manually is time-consuming, however, and only a few indexes of shape (eg, body girths and their ratios) are used regularly in clinical practice or epidemiology, both of which still rely primarily on body mass index (BMI). Three-dimensional (3-D) body scanning provides high-quality digital information about shape. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to investigate the relation of shape and BMI and to examine associations between age, sex, and shape. Design: In a cross-sectional study of 9617 adults (45% male) aged 16 -91 y who were participating in the UK National Sizing Survey, body girths and their ratios were obtained with the use of a 3-D body scan. Data on weight and height were also obtained. Results: BMI was significantly associated with chest and waist in men and with hips and bust in women. In early adulthood, the sexes differed significantly in shape; however, these differences declined with age. Whereas male shape remained highly stable through adulthood, upper body girths, particularly waist, increased in women, but thigh decreased. After adjustment for other girths, waist was significantly and inversely associated with height, particularly in men. Waist varied widely in both sexes for a given BMI value. Conclusions: Relations between BMI and shape differed significantly between the sexes, particularly in association with age. The inverse association between height and waist in men suggests either a genetic contribution or a link between early growth pattern and predisposition to obesity. The 3-D scans offer a novel approach for epidemiologic research into associations between body shape and health risks and outcomes.Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85:419 -25.

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“…(36) A small nested case-control study of men concluded there was no effect of abdominal fat, weight, or BMI on hip fracture risk. (37) However, results were presented only for linear associations among body size and adiposity variables, but as discussed above, those associations appear in fact to be nonlinear.…”

Section: Associations Between Bmi and Fracture Risk By Age And Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and fracture in men and women: An epidemiologic perspective

Nielson

Srikanth

Orwoll

2011

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

221

137

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In Western societies, mean body weight has increased dramatically in older people, and a similar trend exists in Asia. Yet insufficient attention has been directed to the problem of osteoporotic fractures in the overweight and obese. Many, if not most, osteoporotic fractures occur in overweight or obese people, and obese men may be particularly susceptible. We discuss the potential implications of these findings, including the challenge of identifying individuals at highest risk, screening and treatment strategies, and future research directions. ß

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Body Anthropometry and the Risk of Hip and Wrist Fractures in Men: Results from a Prospective Study

Cited by 46 publications

References 55 publications

Reducing weight increases postural stability in obese and morbid obese men

Reducing weight increases postural stability in obese and morbid obese men

BMI compared with 3-dimensional body shape: the UK National Sizing Survey

Obesity and fracture in men and women: An epidemiologic perspective

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