Body composition and metabolic changes associated with massive intestinal resection in mice

Tantemsapya, Niramol; Meinzner-Derr, Jareen; Erwin, Christopher R.; Warner, Brad W.

doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2007.09.010

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…3 In parallel with our past observations of mice on a standard LD, the present study showed a preferential percentage increase of fat mass over lean mass in both LD and HPD mice. However, when fat mass and lean mass were analyzed separately in terms of total grams, both fat mass and lean mass had a greater rate of increase in the group of mice that were fed an HPD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…3 This was significantly improved following the provision of HPD, despite equal amounts of food intake and fecal output. Simultaneously, we observed an increase in total lean and fat mass for mice fed HPD compared to mice fed LD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 During the acute postresection period, there is a dramatic weight loss. 3 Ultimately, intestinal adaptation allows many patients to regain weight and wean from TPN completely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Protein Diet Improves Postoperative Weight Gain After Massive Small-Bowel Resection

Sun

Choi

Diaz-Miron

et al. 2015

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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Introduction Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a morbid clinical condition that results from massive small-bowel resection (SBR). After SBR, there is a dramatic weight loss in the acute postoperative period. Our aim was to determine the impact of a high-protein diet (HPD) on weight gain and body composition in mice after SBR. Methods C57BL/6 mice underwent 50 % proximal SBR. Postoperatively, mice were randomly selected to receive standard rodent liquid diet (LD) (n=6) or an isocaloric HPD (n=9) for 28 days. Mice weights were recorded daily. Body composition analyses were obtained weekly. Student's t test was used for statistical comparisons with p<0.05 considered significant. Results Mice that were fed HPD after SBR returned to baseline weight on average at postoperative day (POD) 8 versus mice that were fed LD that returned to baseline weight on average at POD 22. Total fat mass and lean mass were significantly greater by POD 14 within the HPD group. Both groups of mice demonstrated normal structural adaptation. Conclusion HPD results in greater weight gain and improved body composition in mice after SBR. This finding may be clinically important for patients with SBS since improved weight gain may reduce the time needed for parenteral nutrition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Protein Diet Improves Postoperative Weight Gain After Massive Small-Bowel Resection

Sun

Choi

Diaz-Miron

et al. 2015

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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“…28 SBR reduces energy expenditure and delays recovery of lean body mass compared to body fat stores. 29 Studies utilizing germ-free and selectively colonized animals will help determine what role changes to the micro-flora play in these alterations and might outline the possible role of altering bacterial communities to optimize management of patients following massive intestinal resection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Bowel Resection Induces Long-Term Changes in the Enteric Microbiota of Mice

Sommovilla

Zhou

Sun

et al. 2015

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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Purpose The enteric microbiome is known to play a major role in healthy gut homeostasis and several disease states. It may also contribute to both the intestinal recovery and complications that occur in patients with short bowel syndrome. The extent and nature of alterations to the gut microbiota following intestinal resection, however, are not well studied in a controlled setting. The purpose of this investigation is to characterize the effects of massive small bowel resection on the murine enteric microflora. Methods Wild-type C57BL6 mice, following a week of acclamation to a liquid rodent diet, underwent either 50 % proximal small bowel resection (SBR) or a sham operation. Mice were sacrificed, and enteric contents from the small bowel, cecum, and stool were harvested at 7 and 90 days post-operatively. DNA was isolated, and the V3–V5 regions of the 16s rRNA gene amplified and pyrosequenced on a Roche 454 platform. Sequences were clustered into operation taxonomic units and classified. Communities were then analyzed for diversity and phylogenic composition. Results In the long-term group, the microbes inhabiting the ileum of mice undergoing SBR and sham operation differed significantly at the genus level (p<0.001). Small bowel contents collected before and after SBR also differed significantly (p= 0.006). This was driven by an increase in Lactobacillus and decrease in Enterobacteriaceae species in mice undergoing SBR. No difference was seen in the long-term stool or in stool, cecal, or ileal contents in the short-term. No difference in microbial community diversity was found in any group. Conclusion Bowel resection induces long-term changes in the microbial community of the murine ileum, but not at more distal sites of the gastrointestinal tract. The increase in Lactobacillus encountered small bowel of resected mice correlates with limited previous studies. These changes may reflect an adaptive response of the microbiota to maximize energy extraction, but further studies are needed to establish the role played by this altered community.

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“…Using our murine SBR model, we have established that mice exhibit a unique body composition profile in which fat is preferentially replaced over lean muscle during recovery. 10 The initial purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that modulating the microbiome with vancomycin to selectively eliminate Gram-positive microbiota would alter the resection-associated changes in body composition. Although vancomycin did not affect resection-associated body composition, significant differences in hepatic histology were observed, which led to further investigation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Liver steatosis induced by small bowel resection is prevented by oral vancomycin

Barron

Gayer

Roberts

et al. 2016

Surgery

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Background Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) causes significant mortality in patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS). Steatosis, a major component of IFALD has been shown to persist even after weaning from parenteral nutrition. We sought to determine whether steatosis occurs in our murine model of SBS, and more importantly, whether steatosis was affected by manipulation of the intestinal microbiome. Methods Male C57BL6 mice underwent 50% small bowel resection (SBR) and orogastric gavage with vancomycin or vehicle for 10 weeks. DNA was extracted from stool samples then sequenced using 16s rRNA. Liver lipid content was analyzed. Bile acids were measured in liver and stool. Results Compared with unoperated mice, SBR resulted in significant changes in the fecal microbiome and was associated with > 25-fold increase in steatosis. Oral vancomycin profoundly altered the gut microbiome and was associated with a 15-fold reduction in hepatic lipid content after resection. There was a 17-fold reduction in fecal secondary bile acids after vancomycin treatment. Conclusion Massive SBR in mice is associated with development of steatosis, and prevented by oral vancomycin. These findings implicate a critical role for gut bacteria in IFALD pathogenesis and illuminate a novel surgical model for future investigation into this important morbidity.

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Body composition and metabolic changes associated with massive intestinal resection in mice

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

High-Protein Diet Improves Postoperative Weight Gain After Massive Small-Bowel Resection

High-Protein Diet Improves Postoperative Weight Gain After Massive Small-Bowel Resection

Small Bowel Resection Induces Long-Term Changes in the Enteric Microbiota of Mice

Liver steatosis induced by small bowel resection is prevented by oral vancomycin

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