Body composition in elderly people: effect of criterion estimates on predictive equations

Baumgartner, Richard N.; Heymsfield, S. B.; Lichtman, Steven W.; Wang, J; Pierson, Richard N.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/53.6.1345

Cited by 225 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

168

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Very high correlations (r 2 b 0.97) also existed between the six-compartment model and the Selinger, 22 Baumgartner, 17 Heyms®eld, 8 Cohn, 10 Siri-3C, 5 Pace, 4 and DXA 7,18 methods. Regression equations were developed that relate total body fat estimated by the 16 methods to total body fat derived by the six-compartment model (Table 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Six-compartment body composition model: Inter-method comparisons of total body fat measurement

et al. 1998

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE: To compare 16 currently used total body fat methods to a six-compartment criterion model based on in vivo neutron activation analysis. DESIGN: Observational, inter-method comparison study. SUBJECTS: Twenty-three healthy subjects (17 male and 6 female). MEASUREMENTS: Total body water (TBW) was measured by tritium dilution; body volume by underwater weighing (UWW); total body fat and bone mineral by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), total body potassium (TBK) by whole-body 40 K counting; total body carbon, nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, sodium and chlorine by in vivo neutron activation analysis; skinfolds/circumferences by anthropometry (Anth); and resistance by single-frequency bioimpedance analysis (BIA). RESULTS: The average of total body fat mass measurements by the six-compartment neutron activation model was 19.7 AE 10.2 kg (mean AE s.d.) and comparable estimates by other methods ranged from 17.4±24.3 kg. Although all 16 methods were highly correlated with the six-compartment criterion model, three groups emerged based on their comparative characteristics (technical error, coef®cient of reliability, Bland-Altman analysis) relative to criterion fat estimates, in decreasing order of agreement: 1. multi-compartment model methods of Baumgartner (19.5 AE 9.9 kg), Heyms®eld (19.6 AE 9.9 kg), Selinger (19.7 AE 10.2 kg) and Siri-3C (19.6 AE 9.9 kg); 2. DXA (20.0 AE 10.8 kg), Pace-TBW (18.8 AE 10.1 kg), Siri-2C (20.0 AE 9.9 kg), and Brozek-UWW (19.4 AE 9.2 kg) methods; and 3. Segal-BIA (17.4 AE 7.2 kg), Forbes-TBN (21.8 AE 10.5 kg), Durnin-Anth (22.1 AE 9.5 kg), Forbes-TBK (22.9 AE 11.9 kg), and Steinkamp-Anth (24.3 AE 9.5 kg) methods. CONCLUSION: Relative to criterion fat estimates, body composition methods can be organized into three groups based on inter-method comparisons including technical error, coef®cient of reliability and Bland-Altman analysis. These initial groupings may prove useful in establishing the clinical and research role of the many available fat estimation methods.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Six-compartment body composition model: Inter-method comparisons of total body fat measurement

et al. 1998

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In Study 2, body composition was determined by the four-compartment model, as described by Baumgartner et al 18 The four-compartment model calculates percentage body fat from the independent measures of total body density (by underwater weight), the fraction of body weight that is water (by isotope dilution), and the fraction of body weight that is mineral (DXA). Total body water was determined by the isotope dilution technique using deuterium and oxygen-18 labeled water as previously described.…”

Section: Measurement Of Body Composition and Anthropometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Total body fat does not influence maximal aerobic capacity

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the in¯uence of body weight and body composition on aspects of aerobic ®tness. Our hypothesis was that increased body weight, speci®cally increased fat mass (FM), would not limit VO 2max relative to fat-free mass (FFM), but would reduce maximal and sub-maximal VO 2max relative to body weight. DESIGN: We used data from two ongoing studies. In Study 1 a cross-sectional analysis of 129 children across a wide spectrum of body composition was performed. In Study 2 we examined data from 31 overweight women before and after weight loss. METHODS: VO 2max was measured using a treadmill test. Sub-maximal aerobic capacity was evaluated with respiratory exchange ratio (RER), heart-rate (HR), and oxygen uptake relative to VO 2max at a given workload (%VO 2max ). Body composition was assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (Study 1) and a fourcompartment model (Study 2). RESULTS: In Study 1, FFM was the strongest determinant of VO 2max (r 0.87; P`0.0001). After adjusting for FFM, there was no signi®cant in¯uence of FM on VO 2max . After separating children into lean and obese sub-groups, absolute VO 2max was signi®cantly higher in the obese (1.24 AE 0.27 vs 1.56 AE 0.40) and VO 2max relative to body weight was signi®cantly lower (44.2 AE 3.2 vs 32.0 AE 4.1 mla(kg-min)), whereas there was no signi®cant difference when expressed relative to FFM (57.9 AE 5.8 vs 59.2 AE 4.9 mla(kgFFM-min)). Sub-maximal aerobic capacity was signi®cantly lower in the obese children, as indicated by a higher HR and %VO 2max ; time to exhaustion was signi®cantly lower in the obese children (15.3 AE 2.9 vs 11.1 AE 2.1 min). In Study 2, FFM was also the strongest determinant of VO 2max before and after weight loss. The relationship between VO 2max and FFM was identical before and after weight loss so that VO 2max relative to FFM was identical before and after weight loss (43.8 AE 4.9 vs 45.5 AE 6.4 mla(kgFFM-min)). However, sub-maximal aerobic capacity was lower in the obese state, as indicated by a signi®cantly higher RER (0.85 AE 0.06 vs 0.79 AE 0.05), HR (124 AE 14 vs 102 AE 11 bpm), and %VO 2max (44% vs 36%). CONCLUSION: The major in¯uence of body weight on VO 2max is explained by FFM; FM does not have any effect on VO 2max . Fatness and excess body weight do not necessarily imply a reduced ability to maximally consume oxygen, but excess fatness does have a detrimental effect on submaximal aerobic capacity. Thus, fatness and VO 2max should be considered independent entities.

show abstract

“…This might be related to technological and software improvements made by the manufacturer. The possibility of a systematic agerelated error in the estimation of %BF (Baumgartner et al, 1991;Snead et al, 1993) was also explored. In this context, we found %BF bias to be independent of age.…”

Section: Assessing Body Composition By Dxa M He Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for body composition estimation in Chinese women

Kung

1999

Eur J Clin Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To determine whether dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a valid method for body composition assessment of obese and non-obese subjects. Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: Chinese women living in Hong Kong; 66 of 91 subjects had body mass index (BMI) of b 25 kgam 2 . Measurements: Anthropometrics, including body weight, body height, waist and hip girth. Percentage body fat (%BF) and fat-free mass (FFM) from DXA (Hologic 2000 plus, Enhanced Array Whole Body Version 5.63) were compared with that based on a tracer dose of deuterium oxide for the determination of total body water (TBW). Results: In both obese and non-obese subjects, FFM DXA was similar to FFM TBW . The Bland and Altman-type analysis indicated that comparable between-methods differences (mean bias) and limits of agreement were obtained in obese and non-obese subjects for FFM (0.4, between 7 4.4 and 5.2 kg vs 0.5, between 7 3.1 and 4.1 kg) and %BF ( 7 0.6, between 7 7.6 and 6.4% vs 7 1.2, between 7 8.6 and 6.2%). The %BF bias was independent of age, BMI, hip circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio, but correlated with waist girth (r 0.24, P 0.021). Conclusion: The sources of bias are methodological and anthropometric in nature. The between-methods differences, however, are small and clinically insigni®cant. DXA is a valid method for assessing the body composition of obese patients.

show abstract

Body composition in elderly people: effect of criterion estimates on predictive equations

Cited by 225 publications

References 22 publications

Six-compartment body composition model: Inter-method comparisons of total body fat measurement

Six-compartment body composition model: Inter-method comparisons of total body fat measurement

Total body fat does not influence maximal aerobic capacity

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for body composition estimation in Chinese women

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About