Body composition, metabolism, sleep, psychological and eating patterns of overtraining syndrome: Results of the EROS study (EROS-PROFILE)

Cadegiani, Flavio; Kater, Cláudio E.

doi:10.1080/02640414.2018.1424498

Cited by 42 publications

(92 citation statements)

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“…Overall and consistent with our findings in the other arms of the EROS study, [15][16][17] the OTS athletes appeared more similar to sedentary individuals than to healthy athletes, reflecting relative (compared with the expected results in athletes) but not actual dysfunctions (compared with the general population). Athletes tended to have a lower hematocrit than sedentary participants, which contradicts the findings of one study 18 that revealed an increased hematocrit in OTS participants, although this was either not mentioned or no differences were observed in other studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…1,15 All 39 athletes performed both endurance and resistance activities, including the high-intensity functional training regimen CrossFit in 78.6% (11 of 14) and 96% (24 of 25) of the OTS and ATL groups, respectively. [15][16][17] The characteristics of OTS presented by the affected participants are detailed in Table 3. Given the lack of specific performance tests for diagnosing OTS, the different patterns of the tests performed by each affected athlete, and the complexity of the sports performed by all the athletes, the results of each athlete's specific tests before and during OTS are not described here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, we did not evaluate other specific inflammatory markers described as altered in OTS, including interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor a. 1,[24][25][26][27] Moreover, impaired glucose transporter type 4 signaling in the myocytes, caused by an increase in some cytokines in the muscle tissue, 26,27 may be an additional mechanism to explain the dysfunctional In terms of hormonal changes, the chronic increase in testosterone levels observed in healthy athletes practicing mixed strength and endurance exercises 25 was assumed to be an additional beneficial conditioning effect that could lead to optimal muscle hypertrophy and function, improved sports performance and overall mood states, 17 increased metabolic rate (even at rest), 17 and enhanced metabolic pathways, as endogenous testosterone may improve glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. 28 Conversely, OTS was associated with reduced testosterone, also previously described, 27 which may lead to impaired muscle recovery, decreased muscle mass, reduced basal metabolic rate, and less fat oxidation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, termed the EROS-BASAL study, we evaluated muscular, hormonal, and basic inflammatory parameters to identify biomarkers of OTS. The other results have been presented in the EROS-HPA axis, 15 EROS-STRESS, 16 and EROS-PROFILE 17 arms of the EROS study.…”

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confidence: 96%

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Basal Hormones and Biochemical Markers as Predictors of Overtraining Syndrome in Male Athletes: The EROS-BASAL Study

Cadegiani

Kater

2019

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context Overtraining syndrome (OTS) and related conditions cause decreased training performance and fatigue through an imbalance among training volume, nutrition, and recovery time. No definitive biochemical markers of OTS currently exist. Objective To compare muscular, hormonal, and inflammatory parameters among OTS-affected athletes, healthy athletes, and sedentary controls. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Fifty-one men aged 18 to 50 years (14 OTS-affected athletes [OTS group], 25 healthy athletes [ATL group], and 12 healthy sedentary participants [NCS group]), with a body mass index of 20 to 30.0 kg/m2 (sedentary) or 20 to 33.0 kg/m2 (athletes), recruited through social media. All 39 athletes performed both endurance and resistance sports. Main Outcome Measure(s) We measured total testosterone, estradiol, insulin-like growth factor 1, thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyronine, total and fractioned catecholamines and metanephrines, lactate, ferritin, creatinine, creatine kinase, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, lipid profile, hemogram, and testosterone : estradiol, testosterone : cortisol, neutrophil : lymphocyte, platelet: lymphocyte, and catecholamine : metanephrine ratios. Each parameter was statistically analyzed through 3-group comparisons, and whenever P < .05, pairwise comparisons were performed (OTS × ATL, OTS × NCS, and ATL × NCS). Results Neutrophils and testosterone were lower in the OTS group than in the ATL group but similar between the OTS and NCS groups. Creatine kinase, lactate, estradiol, total catecholamines, and dopamine were higher in the OTS group than in the ATL and NCS groups, whereas the testosterone : estradiol ratio was lower, even after adjusting for all variables. Lymphocytes were lower in the ATL group than in the OTS and NCS groups. The ATL and OTS groups trained with the same intensity, frequency, and types of exercise. Conclusions At least in males, OTS was typified by increased estradiol, decreased testosterone, overreaction of muscle tissue to physical exertion, and immune system changes, with deconditioning effects of the adaptive changes observed in healthy athletes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 96%

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Basal Hormones and Biochemical Markers as Predictors of Overtraining Syndrome in Male Athletes: The EROS-BASAL Study

Cadegiani

Kater

2019

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…The in uence of body composition on sports has attracted people's attention. For example, body composition affects the recovery of exercise performance [14], and differences in body composition between overtraining syndrome subjects and healthy subjects [15], and relationship between athletic performance and body composition [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Body Water (TBW) Percentage and 3rd Space Water Were Risk Factors for Recruit Injuries in Lower Limbs: A Case-Control Study

Ouyang¹,

Yang²,

Jiang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Recruit training injuries have caused serious problems for troop training and medical support. The lower limbs is the site where recruit injuries occur the most. Bio-impedance (BIA) measures body composition quickly and accurately. Our aim was to identify the risk factors for lower limbs training injuries to recruits due to body composition.Methods: A total of 282 recruits were included. Before training, use BodyStat QuadScan 4000 multifrequency BIA system to measure the body composition of recruits. After training, they were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of lower limb training injuries. The basic characteristics of the two recruits were compared by Wilcoxon rank sum test. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves was performed on the indicators with statistical difference between the two groups to find the cutoff point. Finally, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to find the risk factors of lower limb training injuries.Results: Compared with the lower limb uninjured group, the lean mass percentage (P = 0.003), TBW percentage (P = 0.010), extracellular water (ECW) percentage (P = 0.023), intracellular water(ICW) percentage (P = 0.027), 3rd space water (P = 0.021) and basal metabolic rate(BMR)/total weight (P = 0.014) of the lower limb injury group was higher. On the contrary, the body fat percentage (P = 0.003) and body fat mass index (BFMI) (P = 0.005) of the lower limb injury group was lower. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that TBW percentage > 65.350% (P = 0.050, OR=2.085) and 3rd space water >0.950 (P = 0.045, OR=2.342) were independent risk factors for lower limb injuries.Conclusions: TBW percentage> 65.35% and 3rd space water >0.950 were independent risk of lower limb training injuries. These recruits need to be paid more attention during training.

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Association of Long-term Exercise Training With Risk of Falls, Fractures, Hospitalizations, and Mortality in Older Adults

et al. 2019

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IMPORTANCE Long-term exercise benefits on prevalent adverse events in older populations, such as falls, fractures, or hospitalizations, are not yet established or known. OBJECTIVE To systematically review and investigate the association of long-term exercise interventions (Ն1 year) with the risk of falls, injurious falls, multiple falls, fractures, hospitalization, and mortality in older adults. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, SportDiscus, PsychInfo, and Ageline were searched through March 2018. STUDY SELECTION Exercise randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with intervention length of 1 year or longer, performed among participants 60 years or older. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two raters independently screened articles, abstracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias. Data were combined with risk ratios (RRs) using DerSimonian and Laird's random-effects model (Mantel-Haenszel method). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Six binary outcomes for the risk of falls, injurious falls, multiple falls (Ն2 falls), fractures, hospitalization, and mortality. RESULTS Forty-six studies (22 709 participants) were included in the review and 40 (21 868 participants) in the meta-analyses (mean [SD] age, 73.1 [7.1] years; 15 054 [66.3%] of participants were women). The most used exercise was a multicomponent training (eg, aerobic plus strength plus balance); mean frequency was 3 times per week, about 50 minutes per session, at a moderate intensity. Comparator groups were often active controls. Exercise significantly decreased the risk of falls (n = 20 RCTs; 4420 participants; RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79-0.98) and injurious falls (9 RTCs; 4481 participants; RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62-0.88), and tended to reduce the risk of fractures (19 RTCs; 8410 participants; RR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.71-1.00; P = .05). Exercise did not significantly diminish the risk of multiple falls (13 RTCs; 3060 participants), hospitalization (12 RTCs; 5639 participants), and mortality (29 RTCs; 11 441 participants). Sensitivity analyses provided similar findings, except the fixed-effect meta-analysis for the risk of fracture, which showed a significant effect favoring exercisers (RR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.70-1.00; P = .047). Meta-regressions on mortality and falls suggest that 2 to 3 times per week would be the optimal exercise frequency. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Long-term exercise is associated with a reduction in falls, injurious falls, and probably fractures in older adults, including people with cardiometabolic and neurological diseases.

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Body composition, metabolism, sleep, psychological and eating patterns of overtraining syndrome: Results of the EROS study (EROS-PROFILE)

Cited by 42 publications

References 28 publications

Basal Hormones and Biochemical Markers as Predictors of Overtraining Syndrome in Male Athletes: The EROS-BASAL Study

Basal Hormones and Biochemical Markers as Predictors of Overtraining Syndrome in Male Athletes: The EROS-BASAL Study

Total Body Water (TBW) Percentage and 3rd Space Water Were Risk Factors for Recruit Injuries in Lower Limbs: A Case-Control Study

Association of Long-term Exercise Training With Risk of Falls, Fractures, Hospitalizations, and Mortality in Older Adults

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