Body composition modifications in people with chronic spinal cord injury after supervised physical activity

Neto, Frederico Ribeiro; Lopes, Guilherme Henrique Ramos

doi:10.1179/2045772311y.0000000038

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…for 4 weeks led to increased FFM and attenuated body fat in persons with chronic SCI. 12 Overall, participation in various modalities of exercise training, whether electrically stimulated or voluntary in nature, is effective to increase FFM and decrease FM in persons with SCI. In addition, there is a growing use of activity-based therapy (ABT) targeting regions below the level of injury to improve standing, motor function, and locomotion.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Chronic activity-based therapy does not improve body composition, insulin-like growth factor-I, adiponectin, or myostatin in persons with spinal cord injury

Astorino

Harness

Witzke

2014

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) induces dramatic changes in body composition including reductions in fat-free mass (FFM) and increases in fat mass (FM). Objective: To examine changes in body composition in response to chronic activity-based therapy (ABT) in persons with SCI. Design: Longitudinal exercise intervention. Methods: Seventeen men and women with SCI (mean age = 36.1 ± 11.5 years) completed 6 months of supervised ABT consisting of load bearing, resistance training, locomotor training, and functional electrical stimulation. At baseline and after 3 and 6 months of ABT, body weight, body fat, and FFM were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and fasting blood samples were obtained to assess changes in insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), adiponectin, and myostatin. Results: Across all subjects, there was no change (P > 0.05) in body weight, percent body fat, or FFM of the leg, arm, or trunk, whereas whole-body FFM declined (P = 0.02, 50.4 ± 8.4 to 49.2 ± 7.4 kg). No changes (P = 0.21-0.41) were demonstrated in IGF-I, adiponectin, or myostatin during the study. Conclusions: Chronic ABT focusing on the lower extremity does not slow muscle atrophy or alter body fat, body mass, or regional depots of FFM in persons with SCI. Further, it does not induce beneficial changes in adiponectin, myostatin, or IGF-I. Alternative exercise-based therapies are needed in SCI to reverse muscle atrophy and minimize the onset of related health risks.

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mentioning

confidence: 97%

Chronic activity-based therapy does not improve body composition, insulin-like growth factor-I, adiponectin, or myostatin in persons with spinal cord injury

Astorino

Harness

Witzke

2014

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

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“…El exceso de mas grasa no solo es un problema entre pacientes sedentarios con LMC ya que compromete su salud y calidad de vida a la vez que incrementa los costes sanitarios (Neto & Lopes;French et al, 2007;Flank et al). Nuestros resultados sugieren que también lo es en el caso de jugadores de baloncesto en silla de ruedas.…”

Section: Discusionunclassified

“…Precisamente, sería necesario contar con herramientas que faciliten su cuantificación no solo con una finalidad diagnóstica sino también para conocer su respuesta frente a la aplicación de programas de intervención basados en ejercicio, restricción calórica, etc. (Neto & Lopes, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Ecuación Predictora de Masa Grasa Corporal en Deportistas con Lesión Medular Crónica: Estudio Piloto

et al. 2014

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RESUMEN:La determinación del porcentaje de masa grasa en pacientes con lesión medular crónica (LMC) resulta de interés por la alta morbimortalidad cardiovascular que presenta este grupo. En el caso de deportistas, además, permitiría optimizar su rendimiento deportivo. Por consiguiente, el presente estudio se planteó como primer objetivo comparar diferentes métodos de estudio del porcentaje de masa grasa de deportistas con LMC. Y como objetivo secundario, identificar alguna ecuación que permita predecir los niveles de masa grasa de manera más económica, sencilla, rápida y no invasiva. Se diseño un estudio observacional y transversal en el que participaron voluntariamente 8 deportistas varones con LMC a nivel o por debajo de T5 que compiten a nivel nacional. El porcentaje de masa grasa corporal de los participantes se determinó mediante tres metodologías: densitometría (DEXA), antropometría convencional (Ecuación de Siri) e impedancia bioeléctrica (BIA). Este protocolo fue aprobado por un Comité de Ética Institucional. El porcentaje de masa grasa presentado por jugadores de baloncesto en silla de ruedas tras someterse al método de referencia (DEXA) fue del 28,76±9,16%. El análisis de concordancia de Bland-Altman entre métodos sugiere que tanto la antropometría convencional como la BIA subestiman el porcentaje de masa grasa de deportistas con LMC. la ecuación de predicción obtenida fue: Masa Grasa (%)= 1,9197 (pliegue tríceps (mm)) + 6,5063. Tanto las técnicas antropométricas convencionales como la propia BIA subestiman la masa grasa en deportistas con LMC. Asimismo se ha identificado una ecuación de regresión para la predicción del porcentaje de masa grasa de bajo coste y aplicable en cualquier entorno.PALABRAS CLAVE: Lesión medular crónica; Deportista; Hombre; Masa grasa. INTRODUCCIÓNEn los últimos años, la esperanza de vida de los pacientes con lesión medular crónica (LMC) se ha incrementado significativamente debido a la mejora en manejo clínico durante la fase aguda (Middleton et al., 2012). Este hecho podría explicar, al menos en parte, el aumento de la morbi-mortalidad cardiovascular en este grupo poblacional que además aparece a edades más tempranas cuando se compara con población general sin lesión medular (Garshick et al., 2005).De manera más detallada, la inactivad física, la pér-dida de masa muscular, la disminución del gasto energético basal, la trastornos metabólicos (dislipemias; resistencia a la insulina;), entre otros factores, podrían justificar un aumento de los niveles de masa grasa en este grupo (Bauman et al., 2004;Flank et al. 2012). El exceso de masa grasa no solo podría comprometer la salud de las personas con LMC, al haberse relacionado con la resistencia a la insulina, hipertensión, estatus proinflamatorio, etc. (LaVela et al., 2012). También podría condicionar el rendimiento deportivo de aquellos deportistas en silla de ruedas que participan en actividades deportivas agonísticas (Inukai et al., 2006;Jacobs & Nash, 2004).Por todo lo anteriormente expuesto, recientes estudios han señalado ...

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“…This division criterion is commonly used in SCI studies, and it considers the involvement of the upper limbs and sympathetic nervous system and trunk instabilities. 8,9 Records were included in the study if the patient had a SCI diagnosis, was a wheelchair user aged at least 18 years and was assessed using the 20 min exercise during the rehabilitation programme. Both male and female patients were included.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of normative values for 20 min exercise of wheelchair propulsion by spinal cord injury patients

2013

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Study design: This was a retrospective observational study. Objective: The objective was to determine the normative values for 20 min exercise of wheelchair propulsion in spinal cord injury (SCI) subjects. Setting: Sarah Rehabilitation Hospitals Network, Brazil. Methods: A total of 413 medical records for SCI patients at different levels and classifications at the Sarah Rehabilitation Hospitals Network, Brazil, who performed 20 min exercise in a rehabilitation programme between the years 2004 and 2009 were consulted. Information regarding patient and performance characteristics was obtained, including distance travelled, mean velocity, rest and exercising heart rate and perceived exertion. The data were analysed by gender and by injury level group: tetraplegia (TT) or paraplegia (PP). Results: The participants' ages ranged from 18 to 64 years, and the median time since injury was 1.2 years. The men and women had different performances regardless of their level of injury. The distance ranged between 495 and 2106 m for men and between 300 and 1901 m for women. The mean velocity of propulsion ranged from 25 to 105 m min À1 for men and from 15 to 95 m min À1 for women.Conclusions: This study provides normative data for the 20 min exercise that could be used to estimate the resistance capacity by manual wheelchair users with SCI and evaluate the effects of training and other therapeutic interventions.

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Body composition modifications in people with chronic spinal cord injury after supervised physical activity

Cited by 31 publications

References 29 publications

Chronic activity-based therapy does not improve body composition, insulin-like growth factor-I, adiponectin, or myostatin in persons with spinal cord injury

Chronic activity-based therapy does not improve body composition, insulin-like growth factor-I, adiponectin, or myostatin in persons with spinal cord injury

Ecuación Predictora de Masa Grasa Corporal en Deportistas con Lesión Medular Crónica: Estudio Piloto

Determination of normative values for 20 min exercise of wheelchair propulsion by spinal cord injury patients

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