Body Composition Relationship to Performance, Cardiorespiratory Profile, and Tether Force in Youth Trained Swimmers

Espada, Mário C.; Ferreira, Cátia C.; Gamonales, José M.; Hernández-Beltrán, Víctor; Massini, Danilo A.; Macedo, Anderson G.; Almeida, Tiago A. F.; Castro, Eliane A.; Pessôa Filho, Dalton M.

doi:10.3390/life13091806

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…From the performance perspective, maturity related (dis)advantages have been reported within distinct maturity bands [71][72][73]. Other factors such as AP and BC parameters can contribute positively or negatively to performance in youth athletes [74,75]. Coaches and other professionals working with young athletes should be aware that current differences in performance may be caused by a discrepancy in the timing of physical maturation and the associated development of individual body parameters and attributes of body composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Somatic Maturity on Anthropometrics and Body Composition in Youth Soccer Players

Kalčíková,

Přidalová

2023

Children

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The primary aim of this investigation was to compare players’ anthropometric (AP) and body composition (BC) characteristics between distinct maturity bands (pre-PHV, circa-PHV, post-PHV) in youth elite soccer. This study considered 320 male soccer players (mean age 13.8 y). Participants were from U14 (n = 157) and U15 (n = 163) age categories. The Khamis–Roche method was applied to calculate the percentage of predicted adult height (PAH) at the time of assessment based on which the players were further divided into maturity bands (pre-PHV ≤ 87%, circa-PHV = 88–95%, post-PHV > 95%). The findings indicated that most of the players were in the circa-PHV stage at the time of investigation. Measurements included height and weight. The estimates of BC parameters were derived using bioelectrical impedance (BIA) analysis. These various AP and BC attributes displayed significant differences among the maturity bands (F = 139.344–7.925; p < 0.001; large effect sizes) except in body fat mass (BFM) (F = 2.998; p = 0.051; small effect size). The current somatic maturity stage of the athletes should be considered when evaluating BC results, otherwise there is a risk of misinterpretation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Somatic Maturity on Anthropometrics and Body Composition in Youth Soccer Players

Kalčíková,

Přidalová

2023

Children

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Aerobic capacity in swimming, cycling and arm cranking in swimmers aged 11–13 years

Maconyte,

Stasiule,

Juodsnukis

et al. 2024

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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Background This study aimed to compare the aerobic capacity in swimming, cycling and arm cranking in swimmers aged 11–13 years. Methods Eleven swimmers (mean age, 12.1 ± 1.0 years) performed three incremental exercise tests. One of the tests was performed under specific conditions (front crawl swimming), and the other two were under non–specific conditions (cycling and arm cranking). Data on the pulmonary gas exchange were recorded using the portable analyser MetaMax 3B (Cortex, Leipzig, Germany). One-way analysis of variance for repeated measures was employed to test the null hypothesis and determine statistically significant differences between the indicators obtained under specific and non–specific testing conditions. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated to assess the relationships between the indicators of the pulmonary gas exchange. Results The relative peak oxygen uptake (V̇O 2 peak) value during swimming was 49.3 ± 6.2 mL/kg/min, which was higher than that during arm cranking (39.6 ± 7.3 mL/kg/min; P < 0.01) but lower than that during cycling (54.3 ± 7.8 mL/kg/min; P < 0.01). The peak minute ventilation (V̇ E peak) value during swimming (84.9 ± 12.6 L/min) was higher than that during arm cranking (69.4 ± 18.2 L/min; P < 0.01) but lower than that during cycling (98.4 ± 15.4 L/min; P < 0.01). Strong positive correlations were observed in the absolute and relative V̇O 2 peak values between swimming and cycling ( r = 0.857, P < 0.01; r = 0.657, P < 0.05) and between swimming and arm cranking ( r = 0.899, P < 0.01; r = 0.863, P < 0.05). A strong positive correlation was also observed in V̇ E peak values between swimming and arm cranking ( r = 0.626, P < 0.05). Conclusion Swimmers aged 11–13 years showed V̇O 2 peak and V̇ E peak values during the specific swimming test greater than those during arm cranking but lower than those during cycling. However, aerobic capacity parameters measured during specific swimming conditions correlated with those measured during non–specific arm cranking and cycling conditions.

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Anthropometric Parameters and Body Composition in Elite Lead Climbers and Boulderers—A Retrospective Study

Ginszt,

Zieliński,

Dolina

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Based on previous research studies and systematic reviews, success in sport climbing seems to be determined by variables such as strength, power, or endurance. However, besides strength-endurance parameters, several other factors may influence the performance of sports climbing. Moreover, there is a lack of research assessing differences in body composition and anthropometric parameters between lead climbing and bouldering—the two most common sport climbing subdisciplines. The presented research analyzed the connection between body mass, body height, body mass index, and the best result in sport climbing among male lead climbers and boulderers. Additionally, we investigated differences in starting climbing age and climbing experience in both climbing subdisciplines. We analyzed 422 male sport climbers’ profiles in two categories: “Route Ranking: Top-10 climbs last 12 months” for lead climbers and “Boulder Ranking: Top-10 climbs last 12 months” for boulderers based on the 8a.nu world ranking website. The results showed that the “Elite” and “Higher Elite” lead climbers had lower body mass and lower body height. These differences were also observed between “Elite” and “Higher Elite” lead climbers. The “Higher Elite” group started climbing at a younger age and had a more extended period to achieve the most challenging route than “Elite” climbers in both subdisciplines. Our results suggest that lower body mass and lower body height can be key factors in lead climbing performance.

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Body Composition Relationship to Performance, Cardiorespiratory Profile, and Tether Force in Youth Trained Swimmers

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

The Influence of Somatic Maturity on Anthropometrics and Body Composition in Youth Soccer Players

The Influence of Somatic Maturity on Anthropometrics and Body Composition in Youth Soccer Players

Aerobic capacity in swimming, cycling and arm cranking in swimmers aged 11–13 years

Anthropometric Parameters and Body Composition in Elite Lead Climbers and Boulderers—A Retrospective Study

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