Body composition status and the risk of migraine

Gelaye, Bizu; Sacco, Simona; Brown, Wendy J.; Nitchie, Haley; Ornello, Raffaele; Peterlin, B. Lee

doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000003919

Cited by 95 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Animal studies showed that obesity reduced gut permeability, reduced expression of tight junctions and could influence intestinal microbiota composition [140]. Pieces of evidence showed that obesity could increase the risk of episodic and chronic migraine [54,141] while weight reduction can decrease the intensity, frequency, and duration of migraine headache in adults [142][143][144] and adolescents [145]. The link between obesity and headache was proposed to be attributed to shared pathophysiological features.…”

Section: Weight Loss Approaches In Migraine/headachementioning

confidence: 99%

Gut-brain Axis and migraine headache: a comprehensive review

et al. 2020

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The terminology "gut-brain axis "points out a bidirectional relationship between the GI system and the central nervous system (CNS). To date, several researches have shown that migraine is associated with some gastrointestinal (GI) disorders such as Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and celiac disease (CD). The present review article aims to discuss the direct and indirect evidence suggesting relationships between migraine and the gut-brain axis. However, the mechanisms explaining how the gut and the brain may interact in patients with migraine are not entirely clear. Studies suggest that this interaction seems to be influenced by multiple factors such as inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α), gut microbiota profile, neuropeptides and serotonin pathway, stress hormones and nutritional substances. Neuropeptides including CGRP, SP, VIP, NPY are thought to have antimicrobial impact on a variety of the gut bacterial strains and thus speculated to be involved in the bidirectional relationship between the gut and the brain. According to the current knowledge, migraine headache in patients harboring HP might be improved following the bacteria eradication. Migraineurs with long headache history and high headache frequency have a higher chance of being diagnosed with IBS. IBS and migraine share some similarities and can alter gut microflora composition and thereby may affect the gut-brain axis and inflammatory status. Migraine has been also associated with CD and the condition should be searched particularly in patients with migraine with occipital and parieto-occipital calcification at brain neuroimaging. In those patients, gluten-free diet can also be effective in reducing migraine frequency. It has also been proposed that migraine may be improved by dietary approaches with beneficial effects on gut microbiota and gut-brain axis including appropriate consumption of fiber per day, adhering to a low glycemic index diet, supplementation with vitamin D, omega-3 and probiotics as well as weight loss dietary plans for overweight and obese patients.

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Section: Weight Loss Approaches In Migraine/headachementioning

confidence: 99%

Gut-brain Axis and migraine headache: a comprehensive review

et al. 2020

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“…A more recent meta-analysis of 12 studies indicated that both obesity (BMI ≥30) and underweight (BMI <18.5) were associated with the risk of migraine. 33 There are a number of additional limitations. It should be noted that we relied on self-reported medical diagnosis of comorbidities and concomitant conditions, which could lead to either underascertainment or overascertainment of specific comorbidities.…”

Section: Study Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migraine progression in subgroups of migraine based on comorbidities

Lipton

Fanning²,

Buse

et al. 2019

Neurology

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ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that statistically defined subgroups of migraine (based on constellations of comorbidities and concomitant conditions; henceforth comorbidities), previously identified using Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) Study data, differ in prognosis, as measured by rates of progression from episodic migraine (EM) to chronic migraine (CM).MethodsThe onset of CM was assessed up to 4 times over 12 months in individuals with EM and ≥1 comorbidity at baseline, based on constellations of comorbidities (comorbidity classes). The “fewest comorbidities” class served as reference. Individuals completing ≥1 follow-up survey from the web-based CaMEO Study were included. Covariates included sociodemographic variables and headache characteristics. Sex, income, cutaneous allodynia, and medication overuse were modeled as binary variables; age, body mass index, headache-related disability (Migraine Disability Assessment [MIDAS]), and Migraine Symptom Severity Scale as continuous variables. CM onset was assessed using discrete time analysis.ResultsIn the final sociodemographic model, all comorbidity classes had significantly elevated hazard ratios (HRs) for risk of progression to CM from EM, relative to fewest comorbidities. HRs for CM onset ranged from 5.34 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.89–7.33; p ≤ 0.001) for most comorbidities to 1.53 (95% CI 1.17–2.01; p < 0.05) for the respiratory class. After adjusting for headache covariates independently, each comorbidity class significantly predicted CM onset, although HRs were attenuated.ConclusionsSubgroups of migraine identified by comorbidity classes at cross-section predicted progression from EM (with ≥1 comorbidity at baseline) to CM. The relationship of comorbidity group to CM onset remained after adjusting for indicators of migraine severity, such as MIDAS.Clinicaltrials.gov identifierNCT01648530.

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“…[32][33][34][35][36] Migraine symptoms improved in most studies after weight loss in overweight and obese patients, by bariatric surgery [37][38][39][40][41] or lifestyle changes (including diet) in adults 39,41 and adolescents. [32][33][34][35][36] Migraine symptoms improved in most studies after weight loss in overweight and obese patients, by bariatric surgery [37][38][39][40][41] or lifestyle changes (including diet) in adults 39,41 and adolescents.…”

Section: Evaluating Dietary Recommendations For Migraine In Light Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maintain a Healthy Weight.-Obesity is associated with both a higher prevalence of migraine disease and a higher risk of progression from episodic to chronic migraine. [32][33][34][35][36] Migraine symptoms improved in most studies after weight loss in overweight and obese patients, by bariatric surgery [37][38][39][40][41] or lifestyle changes (including diet) in adults 39,41 and adolescents. 42,43 Specific mechanisms connecting weight loss with migraine improvement have yet to be elucidated.…”

Section: Favorable Risk: Benefit Analysis-omega-3:omega-6mentioning

confidence: 99%

What is Needed for Evidence‐Based Dietary Recommendations for Migraine: A Call to Action for Nutrition and Microbiome Research

Slavin

Frankenfeld

2019

Headache

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Background.-The gastrointestinal symptoms of migraine attacks have invited numerous dietary hypotheses for migraine etiology through the centuries. Substantial efforts have been dedicated to identifying dietary interventions for migraine attack prevention, with limited success. Meanwhile, mounting evidence suggests that the reverse relationship may also exist -that the biological mechanisms of migraine may influence dietary intake. More likely, the truth involves some combination of both, where the disease influences food intake, and the foods eaten impact the manifestations of the disease. In addition, the gut's microbiota is increasingly suspected to influence the migraine brain via the gut-brain axis, though these hypotheses remain largely unsubstantiated.Objective.-This paper presents an overview of the strength of existing evidence for food-based dietary interventions for migraine, noting that there is frequently evidence to suggest that a dietary risk factor for migraine exists but no evidence for how to best intervene; in fact, our intuitive assumptions on interventions are being challenged with new evidence. We then look to the future for promising avenues of research, notably the gut microbiome.Conclusion.-The evidence supports a call to action for high-quality dietary and microbiome research in migraine, both to substantiate hypothesized relationships and build the evidence base regarding nutrition's potential impact on migraine attack prevention and treatment.

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Body composition status and the risk of migraine

Cited by 95 publications

References 39 publications

Gut-brain Axis and migraine headache: a comprehensive review

Gut-brain Axis and migraine headache: a comprehensive review

Migraine progression in subgroups of migraine based on comorbidities

What is Needed for Evidence‐Based Dietary Recommendations for Migraine: A Call to Action for Nutrition and Microbiome Research

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