Body Composition Symmetry in Long-Term Active Middle-Aged and Older Individuals

Stagi, Silvia; Moroni, Alessia; Cremasco, Margherita Micheletti; Marini, Elisabetta

doi:10.3390/ijerph18115956

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The leg showed a less symmetrical pattern, as the PhA indicated bilateral similarity of body cell mass, whereas %FM resulted slightly higher in the right leg. Similar results have been observed in long-term aged athletes [ 42 ], whereas in young elite tennis athletes and adult hockey players, the higher FM values were on the left side [ 12 , 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…In contrast, disciplines implying a bilateral exercise show an opposite effect on segmental body composition, with a more symmetrical pattern between sides [ 11 , 55 ]. Also, the sport seems not to have a similar effect over life, as aged athletes practicing tai chi, running, and even tennis showed body symmetry at both the upper and lower body levels [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The specific BIVA approach [ 32 ], which analyses PhA along with vector length, has also shown accuracy in the evaluation of the relative content of fat mass both at the total [ 32 ] and the segmental level [ 40 ]. It is suitable for applications in the general population and various clinical and sports settings [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body Composition and Strength Symmetry of Kettlebell Sport Athletes

Stagi

Mulliri

Doneddu

et al. 2023

Biology

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Kettlebell sport (KBs) is increasingly popular, but very few studies have been focused on this discipline. This research aims to investigate the effects of KBs on body composition, strength symmetry, and segmental body composition symmetry in a sample of Italian elite athletes. Data were collected from a sample of 16 athletes of both sexes (11 men and 5 women; 34.5 ± 9.0 years of age). Anthropometric (height, weight, arm, thigh, calf, and waist circumferences), hand grip strength, and total and segmental bioelectrical variables were taken. Body composition was analysed by using specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA). Paired t-tests and confidence ellipses were applied to analyse bilateral differences. Elite athletes of both sexes showed high values of phase angle, indicative of high body cell mass and quality and proxy of muscle mass. Hand grip strength and body composition were symmetrical, with the only exception of a higher %FM in the right leg (Zsp: t = 3.556; p = 0.003). In conclusion, this study suggests that KBs contributes to muscle mass improvement, body composition, and strength symmetry, especially in the upper body.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body Composition and Strength Symmetry of Kettlebell Sport Athletes

Stagi

Mulliri

Doneddu

et al. 2023

Biology

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“…While muscle strength asymmetry of lower limbs increases with age, and asymmetry difficult to be ascertained, active individuals showed stronger body composition symmetry than the controls, even in middle-aged and older adults [86,87].…”

Section: Energy Support Alignment and Other Factors Useful To Assessmentioning

confidence: 89%

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2022

HACIM

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Former articles have described the gist of the body. The neural, perfusional, and interconnective fascial elements provide the basic adaptive three dimensions in the body since before birth to adulthood as their formation mode each other under similar mechanic-chemico-biological cues into the contextual assembly of the body. With the organ systems operating and self-vitality subsystems adaptively moulding, the individual lives while body form, body state, and body disposition are manifest. For these, there may be irregularities and abnormalities, but the person has the capacity to be snug and fit in living. Defining health or disease depends on sufficiency to live for life's sake, apart from normality standard for clinician's sake. Most previous understanding of diseases have concentrated on abnormalities but neglect how the whole person shades from normality shifting to abnormality. With more overlapping findings in health and disease conditions recognized, this paper tries to bridge what is yet not covered in orthodox medicine. A new body map could emerge and diagnosis should more comprehensively bridge these dichotomized normality and naturalistic approaches. The body form and body state is described from its understanding to its deviations and irregularities. The clinical framework is put forward for clinicians not to miss the main four domains. The clinical framework to be more comprehensive should include looking at the disease generally and locally as well as examining the body for the elaborate details in form makeup and body state in terms of a conglomerate profile. Lacking one of these four clinical domains in clinical presentation may greatly bias treatment methods. This understanding would also help developing better therapy modalities and can bridge Chinese and Western Medicine.

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“…This condition increases the risk of disability and mortality ( Young et al, 1985 ; Kalyani et al, 2014 ). In older adults, there is often an asymmetrical distribution of muscle volume accompanied by a decrease in muscle mass and strength ( Stagi et al, 2021 ). The asymmetry in muscle volume, particularly in the lower extremities, has been identified as a contributing factor to slower walking speed among older adults ( Laroche et al, 2012 ; Lee et al, 2019 ; Mertz et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of soft tissue asymmetry indicators to characterize aging and functional mobility

Ricciardi,

Ponsiglione,

Recenti

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Introduction: The aging population poses significant challenges to healthcare systems globally, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of age-related changes affecting physical function. Age-related functional decline highlights the urgency of understanding how tissue composition changes impact mobility, independence, and quality of life in older adults. Previous research has emphasized the influence of muscle quality, but the role of tissue composition asymmetry across various tissue types remains understudied. This work develops asymmetry indicators based on muscle, connective and fat tissue extracted from cross-sectional CT scans, and shows their interplay with BMI and lower extremity function among community-dwelling older adults.Methods: We used data from 3157 older adults from 71 to 98 years of age (mean: 80.06). Tissue composition asymmetry was defined by the differences between the right and left sides using CT scans and the non-Linear Trimodal Regression Analysis (NTRA) parameters. Functional mobility was measured through a 6-meter gait (Normal-GAIT and Fast-GAIT) and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) performance test. Statistical analysis included paired t-tests, polynomial fitting curves, and regression analysis to uncover relationships between tissue asymmetry, age, and functional mobility.Results: Findings revealed an increase in tissue composition asymmetry with age. Notably, muscle and connective tissue width asymmetry showed significant variation across age groups. BMI classifications and gait tasks also influenced tissue asymmetry. The Fast-GAIT task demonstrated a substantial separation in tissue asymmetry between normal and slow groups, whereas the Normal-GAIT and the TUG task did not exhibit such distinction. Muscle quality, as reflected by asymmetry indicators, appears crucial in understanding age-related changes in muscle function, while fat and connective tissue play roles in body composition and mobility.Discussion: Our study emphasizes the importance of tissue asymmetry indicators in understanding how muscle function changes with age in older individuals, demonstrating their role as risk factor and their potential employment in clinical assessment. We also identified the influence of fat and connective tissue on body composition and functional mobility. Incorporating the NTRA technology into clinical evaluations could enable personalized interventions for older adults, promoting healthier aging and maintaining physical function.

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Body Composition Symmetry in Long-Term Active Middle-Aged and Older Individuals

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Body Composition and Strength Symmetry of Kettlebell Sport Athletes

Body Composition and Strength Symmetry of Kettlebell Sport Athletes

Untitled

Development of soft tissue asymmetry indicators to characterize aging and functional mobility

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