Body fat in Singaporean infants: development of body fat prediction equations in Asian newborns

Aris, Izzuddin M.; Soh, Shu‐E; Tint, Mya Thway; Shen, Liang; Amutha, C.; Kwek, Kenneth; Godfrey, Keith M.; Gluckman, Peter D.; Chong, Yap Seng; Yap, Fabian; Lee, Yung Seng

doi:10.1038/ejcn.2013.69

Cited by 37 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Recently developed and commonly used infant FM estimation equations include Deierlein et al [23], Catalano et al [24], Lingwood et al[11], and Aris et al [25]. Limited validation studies have been completed in these equations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity of anthropometric equations to estimate infant fat mass at birth and in early infancy

2017

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BackgroundIn newborns and children, body fat estimation equations are often used at different ages than the age used to develop the equations. Limited validation studies exist for newborn body fat estimation equations at birth or later in infancy. The study purpose was to validate 4 newborn fat mass (FM) estimation equations in comparison to FM measured by air displacement plethysmography (ADP; the Pea Pod) at birth and 3 months.MethodsNinety-five newborns (1–3 days) had their body composition measured by ADP and anthropometrics assessed by skinfolds. Sixty-three infants had repeat measures taken (3 months). FM measured by ADP was compared to FM from the skinfold estimation equations (Deierlein, Catalano, Lingwood, and Aris). Paired t-tests assessed mean differences, linear regression assessed accuracy, precision was assessed by R2 and standard error of the estimate (SEE), and bias was assessed by Bland-Altman plots.ResultsAt birth, FM measured by ADP differed from FM estimated by Deierlein, Lingwood and Aris equations, but did not differ from the Catalano equation. At 3 months, FM measured by ADP was different from all equations. At both time points, poor precision and accuracy was detected. Bias was detected in most all equations.ConclusionsPoor agreement, precision, and accuracy were found between prediction equations and the criterion at birth and 3 months.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity of anthropometric equations to estimate infant fat mass at birth and in early infancy

2017

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“…Infant fat mass, fat-free mass, and percentage of body fat were assessed by using an air displacement plethysmography device (Pea Pod infant body-composition system, version 3.1.0; Cosmed) within 3 d after delivery (41). Neonatal abdominal adiposity was assessed by using MRI (GE Signa HDxt 1.5 Tesla MR scanner) approximately within the first 2 wk of life (42).…”

Section: Infant Birth Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to a healthy eating index for pregnant women is associated with lower neonatal adiposity in a multiethnic Asian cohort: the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) Study

Chia

Tint

Han

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background: Evidence linking maternal diet quality during pregnancy with infant birth outcomes is limited in Asia. Objective: We investigated the association of maternal diet quality with the risk of preterm birth, offspring birth size, and adiposity in a multiethnic Asian birth cohort. Design: Dietary intakes of 1051 pregnant women were ascertained at 26-28 wk of gestation with the use of 24-h recalls and 3-d food diaries, from which diet quality (score range: 0-100) was measured by the Healthy Eating Index for pregnant women in Singapore (HEI-SGP). Gestational age was established by first-trimester ultrasound dating scan. Neonatal weight and length were measured at birth. Body composition was assessed by air displacement plethysmography in a subset of infants (n = 313) within 72 h after birth, and abdominal adiposity was assessed by MRI (n = 316) within the first 2 wk of life. Associations were assessed by multivariable linear regression for continuous outcomes and logistic regression for preterm birth. Results: The mean ± SD maternal HEI-SGP score was 52.1 ± 13.6. Maternal diet quality during pregnancy was not associated with preterm birth or birth weight. Greater adherence to the HEI-SGP (per 10-point increment in HEI-SGP score) was associated with longer birth length [β (95% CI): 0.14 (0.03, 0. Conclusions:Higher maternal diet quality during pregnancy was associated with longer birth length and lower neonatal adiposity but not with birth weight and preterm birth. These findings warrant further investigation in independent studies. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01174875.Am J Clin Nutr 2018;107:71-79.

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“…The S4SFT is identified as a good predictor of the changes in the fat mass during the first year of life and measures are required for younger children. 7,8 S4SFT within the first few months of life has been associated with cardiovascular health risk with an increase of aortic intima media thickness at 6 weeks 9 and obesity risk at 6 years of age (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.09, 2.38). 10 Measurement of SFT has several requirements for successful implementation that include a standard protocol, adequate training of the measurement techniques to avoid observer variability 11 (because it takes longer than standard anthropometry to complete) and translation of S4FT into an estimated total body fat mass for Asian children.…”

Section: Challenges In Measuring Body Composition In Early Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

“…S4SFT has shown to be an accurate, practical, relatively low cost and easy to implement measure of fat mass in various cross-sectional and longitudinal studies amongst younger children. 7,10 To enable the use of S4SFT as part of routine growth assessment, several initiatives need to be taken that include a feasibility study on the use of S4SFT in day to day practice; a concise but comprehensive easy-to-use measurement protocol, validation with other gold standard methods, standard reference to identify intervention levels, and comprehensive training for staff. Costeffectiveness studies and a referral system when adverse levels of adiposity are detected are also important.…”

Section: A Call For Action For Daily Practice and Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early detection of childhood obesity through extended routine growth monitoring of children below two years of age in the Asia Pacific region.

Muhardi¹,

Beek

Abrahamse‐Berkeveld

et al. 2018

World Nutr J

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Introduction Increased body fat deposition during early life predisposes to higher obesity and metabolic disorder risks in later life. This is particularly relevant in the Asia Pacific region where historically prevalent under-nutrition is now been paralleled or even overruled by over-nutrition over the last few decades. This overview aims to evaluate the potential of early detection of obesity (risk) among experts through addition of specific growth monitoring assessments in children during the first two years of life. Methods A discussion among experts from Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Australia on infant growth and a qualitative evaluation of current practice highlighted the need to measure body composition to assess the quality of growth. Current tools are mainly directed towards simple anthropometric measures such as body weight, length and head circumference which do not adequately reflect concurrent changes in body composition to detect early life adiposity development. Recent findings have shown benefits of measurement such as the sum of four skinfold thickness (S4SFT) during the first two years of life for risk assessment of later overweight/obesity. We recommend this assessment for routine practice as a proxy for fat deposition in young children. Further studies to understand implementation hurdles and cost-effectiveness of S4SFT and health outcomes in young children in the Asia Pacific region are necessary. Conclusion Inclusion of four skinfold thickness measurements as part of routine growth monitoring assessment, in addition to weight and height, could be recommended to assess adiposity development in early life allowing identification of infants at risk for obesity.

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Body fat in Singaporean infants: development of body fat prediction equations in Asian newborns

Abstract: Our equation requires only one skinfold site measurement, which can significantly reduce time and effort. It does not require the input of ethnicity and, thus, aid its application to other Asian neonatal populations.

Cited by 37 publications

References 35 publications

Validity of anthropometric equations to estimate infant fat mass at birth and in early infancy

Validity of anthropometric equations to estimate infant fat mass at birth and in early infancy

Adherence to a healthy eating index for pregnant women is associated with lower neonatal adiposity in a multiethnic Asian cohort: the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) Study

Early detection of childhood obesity through extended routine growth monitoring of children below two years of age in the Asia Pacific region.

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