Body Fat Mass of Exclusively Breastfed Infants Born to Overweight Mothers

Andres, Aline; Shankar, Kartik; Badger, Thomas M.

doi:10.1016/j.jand.2012.03.031

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In infancy an increase in LM over 3 months is ϳ900 g; 88 g represents 10% of that expected increase over 3 months (90 days). Lastly, women who lost or gained >5 kg during pregnancy had babies with ϳ140 g lower LM (Catalano et al 2014) and infants born to overweight mothers had an ϳ60 g difference in fat-free mass at 3 months (Andres et al 2012). Future research should explore if there are long-term benefits of having higher LM as an infant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, more so than its epimer, has a linear relationship to leaner body composition across infancy in healthy term infants

Hazell

Gallo

Berzina

et al. 2014

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Vitamin D status positively associates with skeletal muscle mass and function in adolescents. The C-3 alpha epimer of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (3-epi-25(OH)D3) is high in infants, yet the potential impacts of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 on skeletal muscle development are largely unexplored. The objective of this study was (i) to explore how the concentrations of 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 track with body composition (lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM)) and (ii) to determine the association between 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 in infancy. Healthy breastfed infants (n = 132) were followed from 1 to 12 months of age as part of a vitamin D dose-response study (NCT00381914). Anthropometry and diet were assessed. Body composition was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Plasma 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 concentrations were evaluated using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Plasma 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 increased from 1 to 3 months of age and decreased thereafter (p < 0.05). Infants with 25(OH)D3 concentrations above 75 nmol/L did not have a higher LM (g or %; p > 0.273) than those below this cutoff. LM was not associated with 25(OH)D3, whereas LM% was positively associated with 25(OH)D3 (β = 0.03; CI: 0.01 to 0.06; p = 0.006), while accounting for sex, weight-for-age Z-score, protein and fat intake, and age. For FM, the variables accounting for a significant amount of the variation were plasma 25(OH)D3 concentration (β = -2.38; CI: -4.35, -0.41; p = 0.019), weight-for-age Z-score, protein and fat intake, and time. In healthy infants, higher vitamin D status associates with leaner body composition, though the effect is smaller in magnitude relative to growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, more so than its epimer, has a linear relationship to leaner body composition across infancy in healthy term infants

Hazell

Gallo

Berzina

et al. 2014

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Birth weight and body composition, especially fat mass, are gender dependent and these differences persist through infancy, at least in breast-fed infants [44]. A range of factors determine fetal adiposity, including maternal body composition [45], whilst formula feeding can affect adiposity [46], a response that can be transiently enhanced in offspring of obese mothers [47]. The effect of gender on adiposity may be amplified with maternal obesity, as it has recently been shown that post-term girls are slimmer than term girls at birth whereas in boys, those born post-term show accelerated weight gain and subsequently have a much higher incidence of obesity compared to term boys [48].…”

Section: Adipose Tissue Growth Gender and Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Life Nutritional Programming of Obesity: Mother-Child Cohort Studies

et al. 2013

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Background: The obesity epidemic has resulted in more overweight/obese women before and during pregnancy. Their offspring tend to have higher birth weights and more body fat, and carry an increased risk of obesity later in life. These effects may partly be related to the heightened risk of gestational diabetes, occurring in at least 16% of all pregnancies irrespective of current body weight. Methods: An ILSI Europe workshop reviewed the key contributors leading to adverse outcomes in pregnancy and childhood, including gestational weight gain and nutrition. New research opportunities from prospective mother-child cohort studies were explored. Results: Simple measures of gestational weight gain provide insufficient detail of the underlying physiological and metabolic adaptations occurring in pregnancy, and should be complemented by measures of body composition, metabolic and endocrine responses. Recordings of maternal dietary intake and nutrient status are often limited and potential correlations with gestational weight gain have been poorly studied. Many pregnancies in overweight/obese women are uncomplicated and result in offspring of normal weight, leaving the main determinants of later adverse outcomes to be clarified. Conclusions: The workshop provided insights of primary measurements for the characterization of sustainable nutritional intervention strategies in the mother, infant and child for preventing obesity in later life.

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“…As a result, many pregnant women are nowadays overweight or obese. Preconceptional maternal weight and maternal weight gain during pregnancy influence fetal growth and birth weight [11,12]. Only few population-based studies investigated infant fat mass in relation to maternal weight and observed associations between preconceptional body mass index (BMI) and weight gain during pregnancy and infant body composition [13,14,15,16,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal and Fetal Determinants of Neonatal Body Composition

et al. 2015

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Background: Body composition in early life influences the development of obesity during childhood and beyond. It is, therefore, important to adequately determine neonatal body composition. Fetal growth and maternal factors might influence neonatal fat mass percentage (FM%), independent of birth weight. Methods: In 194 healthy neonates, we investigated neonatal body composition, measured by air-displacement plethysmography (PEAPOD), and its associations with estimated fetal weight (EFW), neonatal anthropometric data, maternal preconceptional body mass index (BMI) and maternal weight gain during pregnancy. Results: There was a large variation in neonatal FM%, even in case of a similar birth weight, corrected for gender and gestational age. Neonatal FM% was associated with EFW at 30 and 36 weeks of gestation and with catch-up in weight between 30 and 36 weeks of gestation, but not with EFW at 20 weeks (p < 0.01, p < 0.01 and p = 0.64, respectively). Neonatal FM% was also associated with preconceptional BMI of the mother (p < 0.01). There was no correlation with maternal weight gain. Conclusion: Our study shows that term neonates have a large variation in FM%. Neonatal FM% is associated with EFW at 30 and 36 weeks, catch-up in weight between 30 and 36 weeks of gestation and preconceptional BMI of the mother.

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Body Fat Mass of Exclusively Breastfed Infants Born to Overweight Mothers

Cited by 22 publications

References 27 publications

Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, more so than its epimer, has a linear relationship to leaner body composition across infancy in healthy term infants

Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, more so than its epimer, has a linear relationship to leaner body composition across infancy in healthy term infants

Early Life Nutritional Programming of Obesity: Mother-Child Cohort Studies

Maternal and Fetal Determinants of Neonatal Body Composition

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