Body image, perceived social stigma, and the prediction of psychosocial adjustment to leg amputation.

Rybarczyk, Bruce; Nyenhuis, David L.; Nicholas, John J.; Cash, Susan M.; Kaiser, J.

doi:10.1037/0090-5550.40.2.95

Cited by 168 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, there is considerable variation in the psychosocial functioning of individuals with amputations. Many individuals function well, but a notable subgroup experience clinically significant psychological or social problems (Cansever, 2003;Dougherty, 2001;Hagberg & Branemark, 2001;Kashani, Frank, Kashani, Wonderlich, & Reid, 1983;Pezzin, Dillingham, & MacKenzie, 2000;Rybarczyk, Nyenhuis, Nicholas, Cash, & Kaiser, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping strategies as predictors of psychosocial adaptation in a sample of elderly veterans with acquired lower limb amputations

Desmond

MacLachlan

2006

Social Science & Medicine

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This study examines the contribution of demographic/amputation-related variables and coping strategies to the prediction of psychosocial adaptation in veterans with acquired lower limb amputations. Multiple indicators of the psychosocial adjustment of 796 individuals in the UK aged between 26-92 years with lower limb amputations were assessed. Hierarchical linear regressions were performed to investigate relationships between demographic/amputationrelated variables (i.e. age, time since amputation, amputation level and amputation aetiology), the dimensions of coping (namely problem solving, seeking social support and avoidance) and self-reported adaptation to amputation, as well as symptoms of intrusion, anxiety and depression. Results indicated that coping styles were important predictors of psychosocial adaptation. Avoidance was strongly associated with psychological distress and poor adjustment. In contrast, problem solving was negatively associated with depressive and anxious symptomatology whereas seeking social support was negatively associated with symptoms of depression and positively associated with social adaptation. These findings suggest the potential for interventions designed to promote particular coping strategies to improve psychosocial outcomes. r

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping strategies as predictors of psychosocial adaptation in a sample of elderly veterans with acquired lower limb amputations

Desmond

MacLachlan

2006

Social Science & Medicine

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“…Second, depression in the AMD group may interfere with their psychological adjustment to disability and scoring. Previous studies have shown that among people with lower-limb amputations, depression is associated with lower levels of activity, increased feelings of vulnerability and poor self-rated health (Rybarczyk, Nyenbuis, & Nicholas, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of physical activity on body image in people with and without acquired mobility disability

Gürsel¹,

Koruç²

2011

Acta Gymnica

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BACKGROUND:Body image in people with physical disability is important, but it has received little attention in the research literature.OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether diff erences exist between adolescents with acquired mobility disability (AMD) and those without AMD regarding body image, and whether physical activity infl uences these diff erences.METHODS: Fifty-eight adolescents, aged 16 to 18 years, participated in this study. Half the participants had some form of AMD while the other half were healthy. Body image was evaluated with the Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) before and after 6 weeks of playing darts. A two way ANOVA was used to analyse the results.RESULTS: At the end of the study, the healthy adolescents scored signifi cantly higher than the AMD group on the subscales of fi tness perception, orientation and overall health perception. No interaction was found between disability and exercise on any subscales of the MBSRQ. CONCLUSIONS:The results of this study demonstrate that people with AMD evaluate their health and fi tness levels as being lower than healthy adolescents and that they are less concerned with fi tness as compared with healthy adolescents. Six weeks of playing darts as a physical activity had no eff ect on improving the self perceptions of the AMD group.

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“…Also incorporated in this survey were three quantitative scales used to assess self-esteem [Heatherton and Polivy, 1991], perceived social stigma [Rybarczyk et al,1995], and hope [Snyder et al, 1996]. See Table I for more detailed descriptions of the scales.…”

Section: Phase I: the Written Survey And Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

The art of coping with a craniofacial difference: Helping others through “Positive Exposure”

Loewenstein

Sutton

Guidotti³

et al. 2008

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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Finding ways to cope with social stigmatization is an important aspect of achieving adaptation for people living with visible genetic differences. This study describes the way individuals with craniofacial differences use an innovative photography and video experience with Positive Exposure (PE), a non-profit organization based in New York City, as a way to cope with their conditions. Thirty-five individuals between 12 and 61 years of age participated in this study. We administered surveys comprised of open-ended qualitative questions and quantitative measures designed to assess self-esteem, perceived stigma, and hopefulness. Data for this analysis was generated from the written questionnaires and interview transcripts.Most participants reported high levels of self-esteem and hopefulness, suggesting that they were relatively well adapted to their condition. Almost all participants described experiences of stigmatization throughout their lives. However, participants demonstrated their ability to implement a variety of coping strategies to manage stigma. 'Helping others' emerged as a prominent strategy among participants, aiding in the often lifelong process of adapting to their genetic difference. PE was described as an avenue through which participants could reach out to individuals and society at large, helping them adapt further to their condition. 'Helping others' may also benefit individuals with craniofacial differences who do not consider themselves to be well adapted to their condition. Health care providers can collaborate with PE, advocacy groups and other community or support groups to identify additional ways individuals with craniofacial differences can help themselves by reaching out to others.

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Body image, perceived social stigma, and the prediction of psychosocial adjustment to leg amputation.

Cited by 168 publications

References 42 publications

Coping strategies as predictors of psychosocial adaptation in a sample of elderly veterans with acquired lower limb amputations

Coping strategies as predictors of psychosocial adaptation in a sample of elderly veterans with acquired lower limb amputations

The influence of physical activity on body image in people with and without acquired mobility disability

The art of coping with a craniofacial difference: Helping others through “Positive Exposure”

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