Background: Children's mental health is a condition of harmoniously adapting to themselves, their peers, and their environment. Children can control emotions when playing with their peers and have positive and negative attitudes toward themselves. Children's mental health can affect growth and development in adolescence and adulthood, so it can be instilled early. This study aims to identify the factors influencing mental health in school-age children. Methods: The article search uses articles from the last ten years, from 2013-2022. Search articles using the EBSCO, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria that have been determined. The article identification process uses the PRISMA chart and keywords used to identify relevant studies in this review such as "cause", "child mental health", and "primary school". Results: The results obtained from the search for articles were 41377, with the results of as many as 16 articles that matched the inclusion criteria. The results of the paper show that several factors affect the mental health of elementary school-aged children including peer relationships, bullying, violence by friends, attending physical lessons and exergames, student academies, and support from staff and teachers at school. The conclusion is that the scope of the school can influence the factors that affect mental health and mental health problems of children.