Body mass index and risk of BPH: a meta-analysis

Wang, S; Mao, Qinan; Lin, Yiwei; Wu, Jian; Wang, X; Zheng, Xiangyi; Xie, Liping

doi:10.1038/pcan.2011.65

Cited by 64 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Although there is conflicting evidence, smoking [49], exercise [50], and a low-fat diet [51] have all been associated with decreased PSA and BMI, and high alcohol intake and benign prostatic hypertrophy [52] have been associated with increased PSA and BMI [53]. These variables were not considered in this study, but these associations would indicate a positive relationship between BMI and PSA which is not observed in this study; thus, it is unlikely that the observed BMI–PSA relationship was biased away from the null by any of these variables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the prostate specific antigen, body mass index and age relationship: is an age–BMI-adjusted PSA model clinically useful?

Harrison

Tilling

Turner

et al. 2016

Cancer Causes Control

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PurposePrevious studies indicate a possible inverse relationship between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and body mass index (BMI), and a positive relationship between PSA and age. We investigated the associations between age, BMI, PSA, and screen-detected prostate cancer to determine whether an age–BMI-adjusted PSA model would be clinically useful for detecting prostate cancer.MethodsCross-sectional analysis nested within the UK ProtecT trial of treatments for localized cancer. Of 18,238 men aged 50–69 years, 9,457 men without screen-detected prostate cancer (controls) and 1,836 men with prostate cancer (cases) met inclusion criteria: no history of prostate cancer or diabetes; PSA < 10 ng/ml; BMI between 15 and 50 kg/m2. Multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate the relationship between log-PSA, age, and BMI in all men, controlling for prostate cancer status.ResultsIn the 11,293 included men, the median PSA was 1.2 ng/ml (IQR: 0.7–2.6); mean age 61.7 years (SD 4.9); and mean BMI 26.8 kg/m2 (SD 3.7). There were a 5.1% decrease in PSA per 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI (95% CI 3.4–6.8) and a 13.6% increase in PSA per 5-year increase in age (95% CI 12.0–15.1). Interaction tests showed no evidence for different associations between age, BMI, and PSA in men above and below 3.0 ng/ml (all p for interaction >0.2). The age–BMI-adjusted PSA model performed as well as an age-adjusted model based on National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines at detecting prostate cancer.ConclusionsAge and BMI were associated with small changes in PSA. An age–BMI-adjusted PSA model is no more clinically useful for detecting prostate cancer than current NICE guidelines. Future studies looking at the effect of different variables on PSA, independent of their effect on prostate cancer, may improve the discrimination of PSA for prostate cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the prostate specific antigen, body mass index and age relationship: is an age–BMI-adjusted PSA model clinically useful?

Harrison

Tilling

Turner

et al. 2016

Cancer Causes Control

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“…Although our results clearly point out that increased BMI and weight at early-middle age are associated with an increased risk for aggressive PCa disease, it is currently unclear if anthropometrics significantly adds to currently established risk prediction models. Further, we did not investigate if anthropometrics measured at different time-points in life were also associated with BPH (benign prostate hyperplasia) (42), which may potentially cause a detection bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropometric Measures at Multiple Times Throughout Life and Prostate Cancer Diagnosis, Metastasis, and Death

et al. 2015

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Background Previous studies of prostate cancer (PCa) risk and anthropometrics (i.e. body measurements) were based on single measurements or obtained over limited time spans. Objective To study the association between anthropometrics measured at multiple time-points in life and their relation to later diagnosis, metastasis or death from PCa. Design, Setting, and Participants This case-control study includes 27,167 Swedish men enrolled in two population-based projects during 1974 – 96. PCa diagnosis up to Dec. 31st 2006, disease information, gestation time, anthropometrics at birth, military conscript testing, and adulthood were collected. 1355 PCa-cases were matched with 5271 controls. Outcome Measurements and Statistical Analysis Univariate conditional logistic regression was used to determine whether clinical diagnosis, metastasis, or PCa death were associated with low birth weight (weight < 2500 g), Small for Gestational Age, or with weight, length or BMI at birth, adolescence (age 16–22), or early middle age (age 44–50). Results and Limitation Apart from weight at adolescence, which was associated with an increased risk of PCa diagnosis (OR per 5 kg (95%) 1.05 (1.01–1.09; P = 0.026)), pre-adulthood measurements were not associated with any PCa endpoint. Adulthood parameters were not associated with diagnosis. In contrast, weight and BMI at early middle age were significantly associated with metastasis (OR per 5 kg (95%) 1.13 (1.06–1.20; P<0.0001) and (OR (95%) 1.09 (1.05–1.14; P<0.0001) and death (OR per 5 kg (95%) 1.11 (1.03–1.19; P=0.005) and (OR (95%) 1.08 (1.03–1.13; P=0.003), respectively. It remains unclear whether these results apply to men of non-Caucasian origin, in populations with active PCa screening programs, or in countries without socialized health-care. Conclusions The analyses of these large data sets demonstrate significant effects of body characteristics (with links to metabolic syndrome) when measured at early middle age are associated with PCa disease severity, metastatic progression and outcome. Conversely, measurements at birth or adolescence are not associated with PCa prevalence or outcome, Patient Summary Increased weight and BMI in adults is associated with a higher risk of PCa metastasis and death.

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“…With some studies suggesting that obese men are more likely to have LUTS [3,4], weight reduction could be one such intervention. Body size and composition have long been hypothesized to influence the risk of prostate hyperplasia [5]. While some data have suggested that weight gain worsens LUTS, few data are available to address whether the reverse is true, i.e., if weight loss can improve LUTS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of weight reduction on the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms in obese male patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A randomized controlled trial

Yee

Yip

et al. 2015

Korean J Urol

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PurposeWe assessed whether weight reduction is an effective intervention for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and investigated the relationship between obesity and LUTS.Materials and MethodsThis was a prospective randomized controlled trial that enrolled obese men older than 50 years with LUTS. The study period was 52 weeks. All patients received standardized alpha-adrenergic blocker therapy for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) during the run-in period. Patients were randomized to receive either a standardized prerecorded video program on the general principle of weight reduction or a comprehensive weight reduction program. Patients were assessed at different time points with symptom assessment, uroflowmetry, transrectal ultrasound, and metabolic assessment.ResultsSixty-five patients were allocated to each study arm. After the study period, no significant difference in weight reduction was found between the two arms. When the pre- and postintervention parameters were compared, none were statistically different between the 2 arms, namely nocturia, International Prostate Symptom Score, quality of life assessment, and uroflowmetry parameters. When the whole study population was taken as a single cohort, these parameters were also not significantly different between the group with a body mass index of 25 to <30 kg/m2 and the group with a BMI of 30 to 35 kg/m2.ConclusionsWe found no association between obesity and LUTS. This could have been due to the less marked weight difference in our cohort. Whereas weight reduction may be an effective measure to improve LUTS, the implementation of a successful program remains a challenge.

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Body mass index and risk of BPH: a meta-analysis

Cited by 64 publications

References 54 publications

Investigating the prostate specific antigen, body mass index and age relationship: is an age–BMI-adjusted PSA model clinically useful?

Investigating the prostate specific antigen, body mass index and age relationship: is an age–BMI-adjusted PSA model clinically useful?

Anthropometric Measures at Multiple Times Throughout Life and Prostate Cancer Diagnosis, Metastasis, and Death

Effect of weight reduction on the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms in obese male patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A randomized controlled trial

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