Body Mass Index, Diabetes, and Risk of Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Choi, Hayoung; Yoo, Jung Eun; Choi, Wonsuk; Rhee, Sang Youl; Lee, Hyun; Shin, Dong Wook

doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.739766

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Our finding is not different from the study done in the past and explains that BMI is significantly associated with pulmonary TB [33]. Moreover, a study done in 2017 found that lower BMI is positively associated with PTB [34].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Diabetic Status and Other Risk Factors for Developing Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study at King Abdul Aziz University Hospital, Jeddah

Mehrin

Albishi

2022

JAMMR

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Background: Pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis is an emerging public health challenge among diabetic (DM) patients. Diabetes is a known cause of immunosuppression and is recognized as an independent risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). Diabetes and tuberculosis frequently coexist and influence each other [1]. This study investigates diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for developing pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) compared to extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all culture-confirmed, and PCR-positive TB patients (PTB 522 and EPTB 173) reported to King Abdul Aziz University Hospital, Jeddah, between January 2012 to January 2021. The categorical baseline characteristic of PTB and EPTB patients has been compared with DM status using Pearson chi-square and Fisher's exact test. The univariable and multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between DM and different sites of TB (PTB and EPTB). Results: Of 695 diagnosed TB patients, 215 (30.94%) are diabetic. The percentage of PTB is (75.11%), and EPTB is (24.89%) as a risk factor; DM shows a significant association with PTB in both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Age, smoking status, dyslipidemia, and other comorbidities are also significantly associated with PTB (P value <0.05). Conclusion: In this study, we found a high rate of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among diabetic patients. Proper management of DM and TB infection might increase TB control and prevent PTB and EPTB development in the Saudi population.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Diabetic Status and Other Risk Factors for Developing Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study at King Abdul Aziz University Hospital, Jeddah

Mehrin

Albishi

2022

JAMMR

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“…BMI as an indicator of the nutritional level of low body weight is widely used to assess the malnutrition grade of TB patients. 20,[22][23][24][25] However, there are still various types of malnutrition in clinics, such as total protein malnutrition, albumin malnutrition, nutritional anemia, and vitamin-related malnutrition. [26][27][28][29][30][31] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition is Associated with an Increased Risk of Death in Hospitalized Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Propensity Score Matched Retrospective Cohort Study

Xu¹,

Zhu²,

Cai³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Background This study aimed to investigate whether nutrition levels in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) affect their risk of all-cause mortality during hospitalization and to further evaluate the predictive ability of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and Body Mass Index (BMI) for risk of all-cause mortality. Methods Patients from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021 were retrieved, and a total of 1847 were included. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed for risk adjustment, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the predictive ability of GNRI and BMI for all-cause mortality. Results Malnourished TB patients were older, had more congestive heart failure, and had more chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma. Under the nutrition level grouping defined by GNRI, the all-cause mortality in the malnourished group did not appear to reach a statistical difference compared with the nonmalnourished group (P = 0.078). When grouped by level of nutrition as defined by BMI, the all-cause mortality was higher in the malnourished group (P = 0.009), and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that malnutrition was an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality. After propensity score matching, the results showed that the all-cause mortality was higher in the malnutrition group, regardless of BMI or GNRI defined nutrition level grouping, compared with the control group (both P < 0.001). The ROC curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.811 ([95% confidence interval (CI) 0.701–0.922], P < 0.001) for GNRI and 0.728 ([95% CI 0.588–0.869], P = 0.001) for BMI. Conclusion In the clinical treatment of patients with active TB, more attention should be paid to the management of nutritional risk. GNRI may be a highly effective and easy method for predicting short-term outcomes in patients with active pulmonary TB.

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“…The data on alcohol consumption, regular physical activity, and residential area were also determined by self-administered questionnaires. Categories for each variable were as follows: none (0 g/day), mild (<30 g/day), and heavy (≥30 g/day) for alcohol consumption; regular (>30 min of moderate physical at least 5 times per week or >20 min of strenuous physical activity at least 3 times per week), and non-regular for physical activity; metropolitan, city, and rural for the residential area [ 17 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors of Incident Lung Cancer in Patients with Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis: A Korean Population-Based Study

Kim

Yoo

Kang

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Background: Patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis have an increased risk of lung cancer, followed by higher mortality in this population. Because the risk factors of lung cancer have not been well identified, this study aimed to investigate the risk factors of lung cancer in individuals with newly diagnosed bronchiectasis. Methods: This cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database identified 7425 individuals with incident bronchiectasis among those who participated in the health screening exam in 2009. The cohort was followed from baseline to the date of incident: lung cancer, death, or until the end of the study period. We investigated the risk factors of lung cancer in participants with bronchiectasis using the Cox–proportional hazard models. Results: During median 8.3 years of follow-up duration, 1.9% (138/7425) developed lung cancer. In multivariable analyses, significant factors associated with increased risk of incident lung cancer included: males (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 3.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.17–5.79) than females, the overweight (adjusted HR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.03–2.35) than the normal weight, current smokers (adjusted HR = 3.10, 95% CI = 2.00–4.79) than never smokers, participants living in the rural area (adjusted HR = 2.54, 95% CI = 1.68–3.85) than those living in the metropolitan area. Among comorbidities, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer (adjusted HR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.01–2.13) in participants with bronchiectasis. In contrast, mild alcohol consumption was associated with reduced risk of lung cancer (adjusted HR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.29–0.74) in those with bronchiectasis. Conclusion: This Korean population-based study showed that males, current smoking, overweight, living in rural areas, and comorbid chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are associated with increased risk of lung cancer in individuals with bronchiectasis.

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Body Mass Index, Diabetes, and Risk of Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Diabetic Status and Other Risk Factors for Developing Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study at King Abdul Aziz University Hospital, Jeddah

Diabetic Status and Other Risk Factors for Developing Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study at King Abdul Aziz University Hospital, Jeddah

Malnutrition is Associated with an Increased Risk of Death in Hospitalized Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Propensity Score Matched Retrospective Cohort Study

Risk Factors of Incident Lung Cancer in Patients with Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis: A Korean Population-Based Study

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