Body Mass Index is Strongly Associated with Hypertension: Results from the Longevity Check-Up 7+ Study

Landi, Francesco; Calvani, Riccardo; Picca, Anna; Tosato, Matteo; Martone, Anna Maria; Ortolani, Elena; Sisto, Alex; D’Angelo, Emanuela; Serafini, Elisabetta; Desideri, Giovambattista; Fuga, Maria Tecla; Marzetti, Emanuele

doi:10.3390/nu10121976

Cited by 175 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Our results are consistent with most previous studies that showed that the risk of hypertension increases with rising BMI [14,19]. The "Look up 7+" epidemiological study showed that blood pressure increased signi cantly across BMI levels [20], which indicated that there was not only a strong relationship between BMI and hypertension, but also an association between the continuous variables of BMI and blood pressure. Our study con rmed that there was a nonlinear dose-response relationship between BMI and the risk of hypertension, which was similar to previous studies [21,22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Association of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference with Hypertension in Older Adults

Zhang¹,

He²,

Zhao³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The relationship between obesity and prevalent hypertension in older adults has predominantly been estimated using categorical measures of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), masking the shape of the dose-response relationship. We aimed to examine the precise relationship of BMI, WC with hypertension, and to assess the appropriate level of BMI and WC for hypertension. Methods: We examined data for 126,123 individuals in Xinzheng city aged ≥60 years from a population based study from January to December 2019. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were applied to assess the relationship and the appropriate level of BMI and WC for hypertension. An additive interaction analysis was used to test synergistic effects between a higher BMI and WC for hypertension. Results: The full-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of an increase of 1 kg/m2 in BMI and 1 cm in WC for hypertension were 1.084 (1.080-1.087) and 1.025 (1.024-1.027), respectively. Multivariable adjusted restricted cubic spline analyses showed the nonlinear relationships of BMI and WC with hypertension in both men and women (all P<0.001). The risk of hypertension increased steeply with increasing BMI from ≥25 kg/m2 and WC ≥ 88 cm or 86 cm for males and females, respectively. And we observed a significant additive interaction between a higher BMI and WC such that the prevalence of hypertension was significantly enhanced. Conclusion: These findings suggest increased hypertension prevalence in the elderly population with increased BMI and WC. BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2 and WC ≤ 88 cm or 86 cm for males and females may be the best suggestion with regard to primary prevention of hypertension in older adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Association of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference with Hypertension in Older Adults

Zhang¹,

He²,

Zhao³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…This is consistent with previous mortality analyses based on NHANES data . However, we suggest that these metrics may be actual contributors to the other four factors such that if these three metrics are also addressed, they will indeed have an indirect effect on mortality …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, college degree, family history of CVD, BMI, smoking status, physical activity, healthy diet score, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and HbA1c level. metrics may be actual contributors to the other four factors such that if these three metrics are also addressed, they will indeed have an indirect effect on mortality 37,38. The strengths of our study include its large, nationally representative sample of the US adults with mortality status after up to 27 years of follow-up.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of modifiable risk factors on the long‐term outcomes of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease

Paik

Deshpande

Golabi

et al. 2019

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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Summary Background Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of mortality in patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The American Heart Association (AHA) developed 7 CV health metrics (poor, intermediate and ideal health) to improve CV health. Aim To assess population‐attributable fractions (PAFs) of CV health metrics to all‐cause and CV mortality among NAFLD patients Methods We included adult participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1988‐1994) with clinical and mortality data. NAFLD was defined as the presence of hepatic steatosis on ultrasonography in the absence of other chronic liver diseases and excessive alcohol use. Results A total of 4040 adults with NAFLD and 7515 without were included. NAFLD had fewer ideal health metrics than non‐NAFLD (age‐standardised prevalence: 20% vs 10% for ≤1 ideal health metric; 5.1% vs 8.7% for ≥6, all P < .001). Following median follow‐up of 19.2 years (IQR: 17.5‐21.0 years), 1,136 NAFLD subjects (327 CV deaths) and 1600 non‐NAFLD subjects (447 CV deaths) died. Increased number of ideal health metrics (all trend P < .0001) correlated with lower risk for all‐cause and CV mortality. If all NAFLD subjects achieved 7 ideal health metrics, 66% of all‐cause deaths and 83% of CV deaths were preventable. Among NAFLD subjects, lack of glycaemic control (adjusted PAF = 28.3% all‐cause; 38.1% CV) and hypertension (adjusted PAF of 23% all‐cause; 52.8% CV) were the largest mortality contributors. Ideal physical activity level obtainment provided an adjusted PAF = 13.9% all‐cause and 13.8% CV mortality. Conclusions Attainment of ideal CV health metrics provides protection against all‐cause and CV deaths in NAFLD.

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“…However, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was greater in hypertensive participants. According to Landi et al [24], body index mass is closely related to hypertension as a cause of this disease and may have a direct effect on blood pressure, independent of other clinical risk factors. In the study population, this is certainly due to non-compliance with the nutrition and hygienic measures that patients should comply with.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follow Up of Hypertensive Patients at Regional Hospital of Bafoussam, West Cameroon: Biochemical Profiles in Naive and Hypotensive Drug Treated Patients

Nzesseu¹,

Kouam²,

Tamokou³

et al. 2020

WJCS

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Objective: The aim of this work was to study the effects of antihypertensive therapies on certain metabolic parameters in hypertensive patients. Methods: A cross-sectional and analytical study conducted within the Bafoussam Regional Hospital on 343 patients including 99 normotensives and 244 hypertensives distributed in 71 patients naive to treatment and 173 patients under treatment (84 under monotherapy, 67 under bitherapy and 21 under tritherapy). The antihypertensive medications were recorded from the medical records. A questionnaire survey was administered to study participants and potential risk factors for hypertension sought. Blood and urine samples were collected for lipid, renal and hepatic disorder analysis. Two blood pressure measurements enabled us to diagnose hypertensive patients. Measurements of biochemical parameters such as total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), potassium, chloride and calcium were done in serum by methods resulting from commercial kits. Results: Calcium Channel Blockers were significantly associated with increases in blood potassium (odd-ratios (OR) = 8.63, p = 0.036) and sodium (OR = 0.20, p = 0.037). Angiotensin-converting enzyme/Angiotensin II receptor blockers were significantly associated with an increase in plasma activity of ASAT (OR = 0.12, p = 0.03) whereas Diuretics were significantly associated with an increase in ALAT plasma activity (OR = 0.003, p = 0.012). Dual therapies were associated with highest frequencies of hypercreatininemia (41.8%) and hyperglycemia (44.8%) whereas hypocholesterolemia HDL (38.1%) was most observed in hypertensive patients on triple therapy. The different therapies

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Body Mass Index is Strongly Associated with Hypertension: Results from the Longevity Check-Up 7+ Study

Cited by 175 publications

References 47 publications

Association of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference with Hypertension in Older Adults

Association of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference with Hypertension in Older Adults

The impact of modifiable risk factors on the long‐term outcomes of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease

Follow Up of Hypertensive Patients at Regional Hospital of Bafoussam, West Cameroon: Biochemical Profiles in Naive and Hypotensive Drug Treated Patients

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