Body schema and body awareness of amputees

Mayer, Ágnes Andrea; Kudar, K.; Bretz, Károly; Tihanyi, József

doi:10.1080/03093640802024971

Cited by 71 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Unlike previous studies, the identity changes were not only addressed in terms of body image 10,[16][17][18] and prosthesis embodiment, 7,9,26 but also in other dimensions of the self.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[13][14][15] Several studies have been carried out to better understand the experience of lower limb loss in adults. The main personal areas focused on by these studies included: body image, [16][17][18] relation with the artificial limb, 5,7,19 phantom limb sensations and pain, [20][21][22] coping strategies 12,23,24 and perceived well-being. 3 Regarding the qualitative studies developed in this field, several themes associated with this experience have been found: 5,10,12,[25][26][27] meanings of being an amputee; identity changes; meanings of using a prosthesis; coping with the loss; relation with own body; relations with the prosthesis and embodiment of an artificial limb; phantom and stump pain; feelings of vulnerability; resilience characteristics; social support changes; and need for emotional support.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beyond the body image: a qualitative study on how adults experience lower limb amputation

et al. 2011

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Objective: To explore adults' experiences of lower limb amputation, focusing on the changes in self-identity related to the impairment. Design: A cross-sectional and qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews. Interviews were transcribed, coded and analysed by two independent researchers. Setting: A rehabilitation medicine service from a general public hospital. Participants: A convenience sample of 42 patients with lower limb amputation performed after the age of 18 and followed up in the physical medicine and rehabilitation department of a general hospital. Main outcome measures: A semi-structured interview, addressing three core areas: the emotional impact of amputation; the adjustment process; and the relation with the external resources. Results: Eight themes emerged from interviews: reactions and feelings about becoming amputee; changes in own life; problems in well-being; relation with the prosthesis; self-perceptions; aims related to the rehabilitation and future plans; relation with the rehabilitation; and perceived social support. These results supported a theoretical model for the self-identity changes related to limb loss. Conclusions: The self-identity changes after a lower limb amputation appear beyond the patient's body image and functioning, affecting the patient's awareness of the impairment, biographical self and any future projections.

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“…Unlike previous studies, the identity changes were not only addressed in terms of body image 10,[16][17][18] and prosthesis embodiment, 7,9,26 but also in other dimensions of the self.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the body image: a qualitative study on how adults experience lower limb amputation

et al. 2011

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“…Remarkably, the representation of the body can be challenged experimentally. For instance it is possible to incorporate a prosthetic arm in one's body schema (Mayer, Kudar, Bretz, & Tihanyi, 2008). Moreover, fake body parts can be easily replaced with different versions of it when it comes, for example, to their appearance.…”

Section: The Vision Of One's Own Body In Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real, rubber or virtual: The vision of “one’s own” body as a means for pain modulation. A narrative review

Martini

2016

Consciousness and Cognition

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In the last few years a branch of pain research has been focussing on the modulatory effects of the vision of the body on pain perception. So, for instance, the vision of one's own real body has been proven to induce analgesic effects. On the other hand, bodily illusions such as the rubber hand illusion have provided new tools for the study of perceptual processes during altered body ownership states. Recently, new paradigms of body ownership made use of a technology that is going places both in clinical and in experimental settings, i.e. virtual reality. While the vision of one's own real body has been proven to yield compelling analgesic effects, slightly more controversial are those attributed to the vision of "owned" dummy bodies. This review will discuss the studies that examined the effects on pain perception of the vision of the own body, with or without body ownership illusions.

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“…Chronic pain after amputation or deafferention in human is considered as a maladaptive process in the central nervous system [18].Reports from Germany show that approximately 50000 amputations were executed, whereas 95% are applied to the lower limps [19]. The rehabilitation process after amputation is therefore an important area because the time to integrate the prosthesis in the body scheme may vary from 14 days to several years [20]. Although some previous studies show that upper limb amputees can be induced to perceive an artificial limb as their own by visuotactile stimulation together with the stump [7], no data for lower limbs are available.…”

Section: Rehabilitation and Lower Limb Prostheticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rubber hand illusion: Maintaining factors and a new perspective in rehabilitation and biomedical engineering?

Christ

Beckerle

Preller

et al. 2012

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik

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Feelings of unrealistic body parts are related to deficits in human information processing and can occur as a part of phantom sensations after amputation [8]. Experimentally induced sensoric illusions like rubber hand illusion (RHI) [1] may help to understand basic information processing and could give new ideas for treatment or the rehabilitation process. Factors that are related to modulate sensoric illusions during movement may help to develop new intervention strategies in the rehabilitation of illusory symptoms. The goal of this study was to review the factors affecting persistence of the RHI effect during movement. We selected 13 keywords and searched in the following www.dimdi.de data bases (CCTR93, CDAR94, CDSR93, DAHTA, DAHTA, EA08, ED93, EM00, EM47, HG05, KP05, KR03, ME00, ME60, PI67, PY81, TV01, TVPP). A total of 160 articles were found. Duplicates were removed and the remaining list was filtered with the objective to explore the influence of active or passive movement during experimentally induced RHI. Then we identified six articles which experimentally examined persistence of RHI during active or passive movements. Results indicate that RHI are maintained during active or passive movements due to visual and temporal congruency. During active movements the RHI is more stable or global than in passive movements or during tactile stimulation. Factores like visual and temporal congruency are related to maintain RHI and are discussed in the rehabilitation of phantom sensations regarding new innovations in the design of prosthetics IntroductionAfter an amputation, feelings of unrealistic body parts are related to deficits in human information processing and can occur as a part of phantom sensations [8]. Those phantom sensations after an amputation are able to lead to feelings of pain which may be localized in a limb that no longer exists. All of these symptoms suggest disturbances in the experience of the body image/body scheme or in general a potential harm to the body matrix concept [24]. The rubber hand illusionBotvinick and Cohen [2] showed that the body image/scheme can experimentally be manipulated in healthy volunteers. In this standard paradigm a subject sees a visibly rubber hand being brushed while the real hidden hand of the subject is also synchronously brushed. After a certain time (15 seconds to 10 minutes) this process induces the feeling of ownership of an artificial limb (the rubber hand). Studies demonstrated that on average 25% of the participants do not respond to items that indicate this kind of illusory embodiment [10,6,5,4]. The cause and stability of this effect in responding subjects is attributed to multisensory integration between visual, tactile and proprioceptive information (see Image 1).Also a proprioceptive recalibration towards the rubber hand can be measured. This proprioceptive drift is being measured after the evoking of the illusion. The subject is asked to show the position of his/her real hand. In case of a successful illusion, subjects tend to show the po...

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Body schema and body awareness of amputees

Cited by 71 publications

References 22 publications

Beyond the body image: a qualitative study on how adults experience lower limb amputation

Beyond the body image: a qualitative study on how adults experience lower limb amputation

Real, rubber or virtual: The vision of “one’s own” body as a means for pain modulation. A narrative review

The rubber hand illusion: Maintaining factors and a new perspective in rehabilitation and biomedical engineering?

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