Body Schema Self-Awareness and Related Dream Content Modifications in Amputees Due to Cancer

Abstract

Purpose: the evaluation of body image perception, pain coping strategies, and dream content, together with phantom limb and telescoping phenomena in patients with sarcoma who underwent surgery for limb amputation. Material and Methods: consecutive outpatients were evaluated at T0 (within 3 weeks after surgery) and T1 (4–6 months after surgery) as follows: demographic and clinical data collection; the Groningen Questionnaire Problems after Arm Amputation; the West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory; the Body Image Concern Inventory, a clinical trial to identify telescoping; and a weekly diary of dreams. Dream contents were coded according to the Hall and Van de Castle coding system. Results: Twenty patients completed the study (15 males and 5 females, mean age: 53.9 ± 24.6, education: 7.8 ± 3.4). All subjects experienced phantom limb and 35% of them experienced telescoping soon after surgery, and 25% still after 4–6 months. Both at T0 and T1, that half of the subjects reported dreams about still having their missing limbs. At T1 the patients’ perceptions of being able to deal with problems were lower, and pain and its interference in everyday life were higher yet associated with significant engagement in everyday activities and an overall good mood. The dream content analysis highlighted that males were less worried about health problems soon after amputation, and women showed more initial difficulties that seemed to be resolved after 4–6 months after surgery. Conclusions: The dream content analysis may improve clinicians’ ability to support their patients during their therapeutic course.

Relationship between Body Schema and Scholar Maturity: A Study from the National College of Banat in Timisoara, Romania

“…Another direction is that of different types of disabilities or deficiencies. These studies focus on the role of the body schema in psychomotor interventions in children with motor coordination developmental disorders [ 22 , 23 , 24 ], motor deficiencies [ 25 ], amputees [ 26 ], psychiatric disorders [ 27 ], and anorexia nervosa [ 28 ]. School physical education also addresses this topic, especially at the level of primary education [ 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

An Overview of the Bodily Awareness Representation and Interoception: Insights and Progress in the Field of Neurorehabilitation Research

“…A pragmatical example of the implication of the above presented philosophical perspectives could be offered by phantom limb phenomena. Phantom sensation occurs more intensely on sites with a greater cortical representation (ankle, foot, toes, sole, and heel) but, as well, it changes during movement considering the difference in the distribution of body weight, for example, during the walking practice [155,156]. In the past, the close connection between structure and function was emphasized by Simmel [157] and Price [158], who in examining patients suffering from leprosy found that the lack of the phantom phenomenon may originate from the deficiency of the sensomotoric functions.…”