Body Scheme in the Control of Postural Activity

Gurfinkel, V. S.; Levik, Yu. S.; Popov, Konstantin; Сметанин, Б. Н.; Shlikov, V. Yu.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0821-6_17

Cited by 61 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This individual difference in dominance would suggest complicated factors related to selection of active muscles during floor oscillation at high frequency. These factors are postulated to include 1) the requirement for forward shift of CFP , 2) maintenance of a perceptional axis of the direction of gravity by keeping the trunk vertical, and 3) adjustment of positional relationship between the trunk and leg to maintain the body equilibrium [12,17,23]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trunk muscles may play a functional role in keeping the trunk vertical and maintaining a perceptional axis of the direction of gravity. The thigh muscles, in addition to assisting in this trunk function, adjust the positional relationship between the trunk and leg to maintain the equilibrium of the entire body [12,17,23]. Therefore, it is highly possible that the trunk and thigh muscles show different characteristics of activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Postural muscle activity patterns during standing at rest and on an oscillating floor

Fujiwara

Toyama

Kiyota

et al. 2006

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology

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Postural muscle activity pattern was examined in the eyes-closed state after adequate adaptation to floor anteroposterior oscillation. Twenty-three subjects were grouped almost evenly according to dominance of anterior or posterior postural muscles in the trunk and thigh during quiet stance. In the posterior-dominant group, this dominance was maintained at every frequency in most subjects. In the anterior-dominant group, this dominance was maintained in most subjects at 0.1 and 0.5Hz but changed to posterior dominance at 1.0 and 1.5 Hz in about half the subjects.Periodicity of muscle activity was evaluated by EMG amplitude spectrum at the floor oscillation frequency. Periodicity of posterior-dominant muscles in the trunk and thigh increased with increasing oscillatory frequency. In the trunk, the periodicity did not differ significantly between posterior-dominant and anterior-dominant groups. However, in the thigh, periodicity was significantly lower in the anterior-dominant muscles. This was considered to be caused by nonperiodic alternating action of the anterior and posterior muscles. In the lower leg, posterior dominance was observed in quiet stance and at all oscillation frequencies. Periodicity of soleus and gastrocnemius increased at higher frequencies and was higher in gastrocnemius than in soleus. The periodicity 5 10 15 2 difference between both muscles decreased with increasing oscillation frequency.3

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postural muscle activity patterns during standing at rest and on an oscillating floor

Fujiwara

Toyama

Kiyota

et al. 2006

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology

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“…The perception of standing position involves the integration of sensory information from interoceptors (muscle spindles, tendon organs, and mechanoreceptors of joints and the soles of the feet) and exteroceptors (vestibules and eyes) (Gurfinkel, Levik, Popov, Smetanin, & Shlikov, 1988;Massion, 1992). The sensory reference system located in the supraspinal nervous system is important in the processing of this information (Gurfinkel & Levic, 1991;Kavounoudias et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postural Responses to Various Frequencies of Vibration of the Triceps Surae and Forefoot Sole during Quiet Standing

2015

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The purpose of this study was to determine the role of somatosensory input to the sensory reference system during quiet standing. Postural responses to vibration (0.5-mm amplitude, 1-60 Hz) applied to the Achilles tendons and forefoot soles were evaluated. Thirteen young healthy adults who showed backward-and forward-lean responses to vibration at high and low frequencies, respectively, participated as subjects. Backward-lean responses occurred at

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“…Recently, computational models have been developed to analyze postural control [24][25][26][27][28] . As first described by Gufinkel 24) , in the central nervous system, there exists internal representation of body dynamics and sensory dynamics, as a mirror of actual body and sensory dynamics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As first described by Gufinkel 24) , in the central nervous system, there exists internal representation of body dynamics and sensory dynamics, as a mirror of actual body and sensory dynamics. In postural control, afferent inputs from proprioceptive organs in the neck and the joints, from the labyrinth and from the eyes are integrated as actual afferent signals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Postural Deformation and Standing Balance in Elderly Person

Maejima

Takeishi

Sunahori

et al. 2004

J Jpn Phys Ther Assoc

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Abstract. Falling due to unstable standing balance is considered to be the main cause of bone fractures, which lead elderly persons to becoming bedridden. Thus, the standing balance of elderly persons is being given increasingly greater attention. On the other hand, postural deformation caused by deformation in the spine and lower leg joints is considered to have an effect on standing balance. The objective of this study is to clarify the effect of postural deformation on the following three categories of standing balance; 1) the ability to immobilize Center of Gravity (COG) in standing statically, 2) the ability to control COG during movement and 3) the postural response induced by postural sway. Fifty elderly persons (age:77.7 ± 6.4 years old, fifty females) participated in this study. Postural deformation was measured using a Spinal Mouse, a device for non-invasive measurement of spinal curvature and photographic image in sagittal plane. In line with to Nakata's classification of postural deformation, subjects were classified by extension type, S-character deformation type, flexion type, hands on the knee type and normal group. In order to assess the ability to immobilize COG in static standing, Center of Pressure (COP) in static standing was measured for 30 sec. In order to assess the ability to control COG during movement, functional reach, maximal length of stride and the period of 10 m gait were measured. Postural response was induced by fore-aft perturbation of the platform on which the subjects stood. Postural responses were assessed by measuring both COP, and electromyography (EMG) of muscles in the lower legs. There was little significant difference among the five groups concerning postural deformation in every measured item, neither in the ability to immobilize COP in static standing, nor in the postural response induced by postural sway. However, the results of measured items concerning the ability to control COG during movement were significantly worse in flexion type and hands on the knee type compared with the normal group. It was suggested that postural deformation in elderly persons effects exclusively on the ability to control COG during movement in standing balance.

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Body Scheme in the Control of Postural Activity

Cited by 61 publications

References 8 publications

Postural muscle activity patterns during standing at rest and on an oscillating floor

Postural muscle activity patterns during standing at rest and on an oscillating floor

Postural Responses to Various Frequencies of Vibration of the Triceps Surae and Forefoot Sole during Quiet Standing

The Relationship between Postural Deformation and Standing Balance in Elderly Person

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