Body-shape variation of<i>Acroneuria lycorias</i>(Plecoptera∶Perlidae) nymphs across magnitude and frequency stream flows

Edwards, David; Moore, Paul A.

doi:10.1086/693011

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Although water temperature and dissolved oxygen receive much attention, flows vary more in time and space, with strong effects on aquatic insects [45]. For example, flow directly affects the size and shape of individual macroinvertebrates [53], where they choose to position themselves [54,55], how readily they can find and consume food [56] and whether they can obtain sufficient oxygen [29,30,33,57,58]. Variation in flow also influences other characteristics of stream habitats relevant to aquatic insects, including temperature, chemistry and rates of sedimentation [59][60][61].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow increases tolerance of heat and hypoxia of an aquatic insect

et al. 2021

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Recent experiments support the idea that upper thermal limits of aquatic insects arise, at least in part, from a lack of sufficient oxygen: rising temperatures typically stimulate metabolic demand for oxygen more than they increase rates of oxygen supply from the environment. Consequently, factors influencing oxygen supply, like water flow, should also affect thermal and hypoxia tolerance. We tested this hypothesis by measuring the effects of experimentally manipulated flows on the heat and hypoxia tolerance of aquatic nymphs of the giant salmonfly (Plecoptera: Pteronarcys californica ), a common stonefly in western North America. As predicted, stoneflies in flowing water (10 cm s −1 ) tolerated water that was approximately 4°C warmer and that contained approximately 15% less oxygen than did those in standing water. Our results imply that the impacts of climate change on streamflow, such as changes in patterns of precipitation and decreased snowpack, will magnify the threats to aquatic insects from warmer water temperatures and lower oxygen levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow increases tolerance of heat and hypoxia of an aquatic insect

et al. 2021

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“…For example, although climate change is altering flow regimes, no study has explicitly examined plasticity in morphology or overall body shape as a function of flow. In one instance, stonefly body shape was shown to be correlated with varying flow regimes but it is unclear whether these differences arose via plasticity or local adaptation (Edwards & Moore, 2017). Flow‐induced plasticity in body shape may be common in aquatic insects given how common it is for other aquatic taxa, especially fish (e.g., Haas et al., 2015).…”

Section: Insect Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insects in high‐elevation streams: Life in extreme environments imperiled by climate change

Birrell

Shah

Hotaling

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

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High-elevation streams are some of the most extreme ecosystems on Earth, yet they harbor extensive aquatic insect biodiversity and support a high degree of endemism (Hotaling et al., 2017). Highelevation streams occur from >2,000 m (at higher latitudes) to >4,000 m (lower latitudes) and represent nearly 5% of the world's waterways (Figure 1). They are typically fed by multiple meltwater sources, can be covered by snow and ice for most of the year, and are often fragmented and isolated, with cold, turbulent, fast-flowing water, low ionic strength, low oxygen availability, and high levels of UV radiation (when not covered by snow; Jacobsen & Dangles, 2017). High-elevation stream conditions are also highly variable in space and time, depending on source, drainage geology, elevation, aspect, latitude, and time of year. Collectively, however, high-elevation streams are experiencing some of the most rapid climate-driven

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“…Small organisms living on river bottoms, such as aquatic insects, are vulnerable to dislodgement through the mechanical forces of drag and lift (Statzner, 2008) and their adaptation to these forces determines survival. For example, the larval mayfly Chirotenetes albomanicatus decreases the forces of drag on its body 2-fold by facing upstream into the current rather than downstream (Clemens, 1917) and the larval stonefly Acroneuria lycorias phenotypically expresses more hydrodynamic morphology in rivers with high discharge (Edwards & Moore, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Net‐spinning caddisfly distribution in large regulated rivers

et al. 2020

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1. Most of the world's large rivers are dammed for the purposes of water storage, flood control, and power production. Damming rivers fundamentally alters water temperature and flows in tailwater ecosystems, which in turn affects the presence and abundance of downstream biota. 2. We collaborated with more than 200 citizen scientists to collect 2,194 light trap samples across 2 years and more than 2,000 river km. Samples contained 16,222 net-spinning caddisfly (Hydropsyche) individuals across six species. We used these data to model the distribution of Hydropsyche throughout the Colorado River Basin in the western U.S.A. to identify the roles of water temperature, flows, and species-specific morphology in determining aquatic species distributions throughout a large arid watershed that has been heavily altered by damming. 3. We predicted that water temperatures would determine Hydropsyche presence and abundance to a greater extent than diel variation in river stage associated with hydropower production. Among many species, adult female Hydropsychids are morphologically adapted to swim to deep-water oviposition sites. We predicted that the presence of this ability would negate the otherwise deleterious effects of high stage change on caddisfly egg mortality. 4. We found that distributions of the two most widespread species, Hydropsyche occidentalis and Hydropsyche oslari (92% of total Hydropsyche captured), were both predicted by water temperatures. However, we also found that the abundance of H. oslari decreased by as much as 10-fold as diel stage change increased, despite the presence of female morphological adaptations for deep-water oviposition. We found sexual dimorphism and evidence for deep-water swimming adaptations in 5/6 species. 5. Our results show that net-spinning caddisflies have species-specific responses to environmental variation and suggest that environmental flows designed to reduce diel stage change and destabilise water temperatures may improve habitat quality for these ubiquitous and important aquatic insects.

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Body-shape variation ofAcroneuria lycorias(Plecoptera∶Perlidae) nymphs across magnitude and frequency stream flows

Cited by 6 publications

References 72 publications

Flow increases tolerance of heat and hypoxia of an aquatic insect

Flow increases tolerance of heat and hypoxia of an aquatic insect

Insects in high‐elevation streams: Life in extreme environments imperiled by climate change

Net‐spinning caddisfly distribution in large regulated rivers

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