Body Weight Change, All-Cause Mortality, and Cause-specific Mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial

Blair, Steven N.; Shaten, Jessica; Brownell, Kelly D.; Collins, Gary; Lissner, Lauren

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-119-7_part_2-199310011-00024

Cited by 229 publications

(163 citation statements)

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“…In the case of our patients, body weight variations were attributable exclusively to voluntary dieting, as was the case in the Gothenburg Prospective Studies (Lissner et al, 1989). Recently, numerous epidemiological studies have evaluated the in¯u-ence of weight cycling on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, showing a more signi®cant correlation with weight¯uctuation Ð rather than the body mass index Ð in both cases (Hamm et al, 1989;Lissner et al, 1991;Blair et al, 1993). A signi®cant correlation has also been documented between body-fat distribution indices like the waist-to-hip ratio and the weight¯uctuation index, pointing to the possibility of body-fat redistribution, with an increase in the amount of visceral fat, in subjects with higher degrees of weight cycling (Rodin et al, 1990;Hudgins & Hirsh, 1991).…”

Section: Blood Pressure and Weight Cycling Mt Guagnano Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for hypertension in obese women. The role of weight cycling

et al. 2000

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Objective: To study signi®cant factors associated with the risk of hypertension among obese women, with and without a history of weight cycling (WC). Design: Case ± control study. Setting: Obesity Clinic of Chieti University, Italy. Subjects: A group of 258 obese women aged 25 ± 64 y (103 cases with hypertension and 155 controls) were recruited. All obese subjects had the same clinical characteristics, were without a family history for hypertension, were non-smokers, had normal lipidemic pro®les and normal glucose tolerance, were not taking any medication and were otherwise healthy. Intervention: In the weight cycling women, the history of WC was established on the basis of at least ®ve weight losses in the previous 5 y due to dieting, with a weight loss of at least 4.5 kg per cycle. A logistic regression model adjusted for confounding variables such as waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and weight cycling history parameters was used and the odds ratio (OR) with 95% con®dence intervals was calculated. Results: The risk of hypertension increases in subjects with larger WHR (OR 7.8; 95% CI 3.4 ± 17.9) and with a positive history for WC (OR 4.1; 95% CI 2.4 ± 6.9). Further, in obese patients with WC, the weight cycling index and the sum of the weight regained are also important risk factors for hypertension. Conclusions: These ®ndings could support the hypothesis that it is the combined exposure of central-type obesity and WC that strongly raises the risk of hypertension. Sponsorship: This work has been ®nancially supported by a grant

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Section: Blood Pressure and Weight Cycling Mt Guagnano Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for hypertension in obese women. The role of weight cycling

et al. 2000

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“…2 While gaining a slight amount of weight with increasing age has been associated with a longer life-span, 3 large weight gains elevate the risks for disease and shorten life expectancy. 4 When the body weight rises from normal to increasingly severe obesity, there is a parallel rise in the rate and relative incidence of serious medical conditions 5 and mortality. 6 Obesity in the North American population rose dramatically in the 1980s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the amount of physical activity needed for long-term weight control

et al. 2001

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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate prospectively the in¯uence of habitual physical activity on body weight of men and women and to develop a model that de®nes the role of physical activity on longitudinal weight change. DESIGN AND SETTING: Occupational cohort study conducted for a mean of 5.5 y. SUBJECTS: A total of 496 (341 male and 155 female) NASAaJohnson Space Center employees who completed the 3 month education component of the employee health-related ®tness program and remained involved for a minimum of 2 y. MEASUREMENTS: Body weights were measured at baseline (T1) and follow-up (T2), and habitual physical activity was obtained from the mean of multiple ratings of the 11-point (0 ± 10) NASA Activity Scale (NAS) recorded quarterly between T1 and T2. Other measures included age, gender, VO 2 max obtained from maximal treadmill testing, body mass index (BMI), and body fat percentage. RESULTS: Multiple regression demonstrated that mean NAS, T1 weight, aging and gender all in¯uence long-term T2 weight. T1 age was signi®cant for the men only. Independently, each increase in mean NAS signi®cantly (P`0.01) reduced T2 weight in men (b 7 0.91 kg; 95% CI : 7 1.4 to 7 0.42 kg) and women (b 7 2.14 kg; 95% CI : 7 2.93 to 7 1.35 kg). Mean NAS had a greater effect on T2 weight as T1 weight increased, and the relationship was dose-dependent. CONCLUSIONS: Habitual physical activity is a signi®cant source of long-term weight change. The use of self-reported activity level is helpful in predicting long-term weight changes and may be used by health care professionals when counseling patients about the value of physical activity for weight control.

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“…Thus, after adjusting for available factors, we found no significant association between weight cycling history and lipid measures except TG. It has been suggested that weight cycling might affect cardiovascular risk factors [14][15][16][17][18] ; however, the biological health effects of weight cycling in human studies is controversial 23,44,45) . Two crosssectional studies using weight cycling measures that referred to the individual's assessment of the actual number of times weight had been lost and regained did not support the hypothesis.…”

Section: ) Relation Between Weight Cycling History and Biological Famentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, a number of adverse health effects have been hypothesized to be related to episodes of weight cycling. Several prospective, epidemiological studies relating weight cycling to mortality have been more consistently positive [15][16][17][18] . These studies found that mortality was higher for persons with unstable body weight than for persons whose body weight was relatively stable, and the studies generally concluded that weight cycling resulted from unsuccessful dieting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between self-reported weight cycling history, dieting and bio-behavioral health in Japanese adult males

Wakui

Odagiri

Takamiya

et al. 2002

Environ Health Prev Med

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Background: Epidemiological findings suggest that weight fluctuations are associated with unfavorable health outcomes compared with stable weight. However, the interrelationship between the weight cycling history and dieting status in a non-clinical male trial on the risk for bio-behavioral health is unclear.Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between weight cycling history as a result of intentional weight loss and bio-behavioral health in Japanese adult males.Method: A cross-sectional study was performed on a group of 146 Japanese working males (47.5H9.3 yr.). Each subject completed a series of self-reported questionnaires in which information about weight cycling history, current dieting practices, life-styles, and social background were assessed. Results of the physical check up were used to assess biological parameters. Self-reported weight cycling was defined as intentionally losing 10% of one's weight and regaining the lost weight.Results: Cyclers reported a significantly greater incidence of current dieting and recent weight gain compared with non-cyclers. Taking regular meals, eating breakfast everyday, and not eating snacks between meals every day were significantly less frequent among cyclers compared with non-cyclers after controlling for BMI. The adjusted odds ratio for AST abnormality was 5.46 (95%CI: 1.08−27.67), ALT abnormality was 3.31 (95%CI: 1.24−8.78), and 1-GTP was 3.38 (95%CI: 1.07−10.67) among cyclers, compared with noncyclers.Conclusion: These findings suggest that a history of weight cycling in men, regardless of current weight status, is associated with adverse bio-behavioral health. The risk for several liver enzyme abnormalities associated with weight cycling history was substantial, independent of relative body weight and lifestyle factors.

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Body Weight Change, All-Cause Mortality, and Cause-specific Mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial

Abstract: Greater weight variability was associated with a greater risk for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in some types of high-risk men.

Cited by 229 publications

References 0 publications

Risk factors for hypertension in obese women. The role of weight cycling

Risk factors for hypertension in obese women. The role of weight cycling

Determining the amount of physical activity needed for long-term weight control

Relation between self-reported weight cycling history, dieting and bio-behavioral health in Japanese adult males

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