Body weight distribution and organ size in newborn swine (sus scrofa domestica) — A study describing an animal model for asymmetrical intrauterine growth retardation

Bauer, Reinhard; Walter, Bernd; Hoppe, Arndt; Gaser, Elke; Lampe, Volker; Kauf, E; Zwiener, U.

doi:10.1016/s0940-2993(98)80071-7

Cited by 105 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…These relationships are consistent with the positive correlation between average placental weight at term and average birth weight seen in our previous studies (Town et al 2002, r 2 ¼ 0.76, P , 0.001), and reported by Biensen et al (1999) and Wilson and Ford (2000). Also, both fetal and placental weight were inversely related to the number of viable fetuses at day 90, in agreement with data on fetal weight reported by Bauer et al (1998). Collectively, we interpret these data as indicating that day 30 embryos were less sensitive to nutrient limitations than fetuses in later gestation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…7), the data indicate detrimental effects of decreased placental size on prenatal development in the present study. Although not as large as the increase in brain:liver weight ratio in IUGR fetuses reported by Bauer et al (1998Bauer et al ( , 2002, the increase in the day 90 brain:liver weight ratio from 0.97^0.04 in LIG fetuses to 1.17^0.04 in CTR fetuses was, nevertheless, associated with a significant decrease in the number of secondary fibres in CTR fetuses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

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Number of conceptuses in utero affects porcine fetal muscle development

Town¹,

Putman²,

Turchinsky³

et al. 2004

Reproduction

125

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Unmodified, third parity, control sows (CTR; n 5 30) or sows subjected to unilateral oviduct ligation before breeding (LIG; n 5 30), were slaughtered at either day 30 or day 90 of gestation and used to determine the effects of numbers of conceptuses in utero on prenatal, and particularly muscle fibre, development. Ovulation rate, number of conceptuses in utero, placental and fetal size, and (day 90 sows) fetal organ and semitendinosus muscle development were recorded. Tubal ligation reduced (P < 0.05) the number of viable embryos at day 30 and fetuses at day 90. Placental weight at day 30 and day 90, and fetal weight at day 90, were lower (P < 0.05) in CTR sows. All body organs except the brain were lighter, and the brain:liver weight ratio was higher in CTR fetuses (P < 0.05), indicative of brain sparing and intrauterine growth restriction in fetuses from CTR sows. Muscle weight, muscle cross-sectional area and the total number of secondary fibres were also lower (P < 0.05) in CTR fetuses. The number of primary fibres, the secondary:primary muscle fibre ratio, and the distribution of myosin heavy chainIb, -IIa, fetal and embryonic isoforms did not differ between groups. Thus, even the relatively modest uterine crowding occurring naturally in CTR sows negatively affected placental and fetal development and the number of secondary muscle fibres. Consequences of more extreme crowding in utero on fetal and postnatal development, resulting from changing patterns of early embryonic survival, merit further investigation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Number of conceptuses in utero affects porcine fetal muscle development

Town¹,

Putman²,

Turchinsky³

et al. 2004

Reproduction

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…By chemical analysis of the whole body at birth, it has been reported that LBW piglets have less fat and protein and more water than their littermates (Rehfeldt and Kuhn, 2006). Even though linear correlations between BWs and various organ weights have been reported, the extent of weight variation differs between the organs examined (Table 1; Widdowson, 1971;Ritacco et al, 1997;Bauer et al, 1998 and2000a;Mostyn et al, 2005; R. D'Inca and I. Le Huë rou-Luron, unpublished data).…”

Section: Growth In Low Birth Weight Pigletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and development of adipose tissue and gut and related endocrine status during early growth in the pig: impact of low birth weight

Morise

Louveau

Huërou‐Luron

2008

Animal

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With genetic selection, the increase in litter size has led to higher variation in within-litter birth weights in pigs. This has been associated with a reduction in mean birth weights and a rise in the proportion of piglets weighing less than 1 kg at birth. Low birth weight pigs exhibit lower postnatal growth rates and feed efficiency, which may be explained by an inadequate digestion and/or nutrient use as a consequence of prenatal undernutrition. It is now documented that there is a relationship between birth weight and subsequent pattern of growth and development of tissues and organs. During the neonatal period, the rapid somatic growth is accompanied by tremendous anatomical, physiological and chemical composition changes. The present review focuses primarily on the influence of low birth weight on adipose tissue and the gastrointestinal tract growth and development during the suckling period. The importance of the somatotropic axis, insulin, thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids, epidermal growth factor and leptin in the regulation of these developmental processes is also considered.

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“…In normally fed pigs, there is a natural two-to three-fold variation in birthweight amongst littermates due to differences in placental size and functional capacity [10]. Piglets of low birthweight are frequently thin and of disproportionate body shape, both of which are good indices of growth retardation during late gestation [10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Piglets of low birthweight are frequently thin and of disproportionate body shape, both of which are good indices of growth retardation during late gestation [10]. Recent studies have shown that low-birthweight piglets have abnormal cardiovascular function as juveniles and poor glucose tolerance as adults [9,11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin sensitivity in juvenile and adult Large White pigs of low and high birthweight

Poore

Fowden

2004

Diabetologia

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Aims/hypothesis. We have previously demonstrated poor glucose tolerance in adult pigs of naturally occurring low birthweight. The aim of this study was to examine sensitivity to insulin in juvenile (3-monthold) and adult (12-month-old) pigs of low and high birthweight. Methods. Low (<1.47 kg) and high (>1.53 kg) birthweight piglets from 15 litters were studied at 3 (n=47) and 12 (n=17) months of age. At each age the selected pigs were tranquilised and catheters were inserted into the dorsal aorta and caudal vena cava under general anaesthesia. After recovery, insulin sensitivity was measured as the glucose decrement (mmol·l −1 ·min −1 ) during the first 10 min after an intravenous insulin bolus (0.5 IU/kg). Data (means ± SEM) were analysed by the Student's t test, ANOVA and linear regression.

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Body weight distribution and organ size in newborn swine (sus scrofa domestica) — A study describing an animal model for asymmetrical intrauterine growth retardation

Cited by 105 publications

References 23 publications

Number of conceptuses in utero affects porcine fetal muscle development

Number of conceptuses in utero affects porcine fetal muscle development

Growth and development of adipose tissue and gut and related endocrine status during early growth in the pig: impact of low birth weight

Insulin sensitivity in juvenile and adult Large White pigs of low and high birthweight

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