“…Speake and J.S. Gibson Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX Urea stimulates the KCl cotransporter of red cells from several mammalian species (Dunham, 1995;Kaji & Gasson, 1995). The effect occurs at physiological urea concentrations present in the renal medulla during antidiuresis.…”