Bombali Virus in <i>Mops condylurus</i> Bats, Guinea

Karan, Ludmila S.; Makenov, Marat T.; Korneev, Mikhail G.; Sacko, Noumany; Boumbaly, S.; Yakovlev, S. A.; Kourouma, Kerfalla; Bayandin, Roman B.; Gladysheva, Anastasiya V.; Shipovalov, Andrey V.; Yurganova, I. A.; Grigorieva, Yana E.; Fedorova, M. V.; Scherbakova, S. A.; Кутырев, Владимир; Агафонов, А. П.; Maksyutov, Renat A.; Shipulin, German A.; Maleev, V V; Boiro, M. Y.; Акимкин, В. Г.; Popova, А. Yu.

doi:10.3201/eid2509.190581

Cited by 56 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Since its discovery in 2016, BOMV RNA has been detected in oral and rectal swabs as well as internal organs of Mops condylurus and Chaerephon pumilus bats in Sierra Leone, Kenya and Guinea [20, 41, 42]. These data add to the body of evidence suggesting that bats are a reservoir for filoviruses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

BioLaboro: A bioinformatics system for detecting molecular assay signature erosion and designing new assays in response to emerging and reemerging pathogens

Holland

Negrón

Mitchell

et al. 2020

Preprint

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22Background: Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases such as the novel Coronavirus 23 disease, COVID-19 and Ebola pose a significant threat to global society and test the public 24 health community's preparedness to rapidly respond to an outbreak with effective diagnostics 25 and therapeutics. Recent advances in next generation sequencing technologies enable rapid 26 generation of pathogen genome sequence data, within 24 hours of obtaining a sample in some 27 instances. With these data, one can quickly evaluate the effectiveness of existing diagnostics and 28 therapeutics using in silico approaches. The propensity of some viruses to rapidly accumulate 29 mutations can lead to the failure of molecular detection assays creating the need for redesigned 30 or newly designed assays. 31Results: Here we describe a bioinformatics system named BioLaboro to identify signature 32 regions in a given pathogen genome, design PCR assays targeting those regions, and then test the 33 PCR assays in silico to determine their sensitivity and specificity. We demonstrate BioLaboro 34 with two use cases: Bombali Ebolavirus (BOMV) and the novel Coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-35 2). For the BOMV, we analyzed 30 currently available real-time reverse transcription-PCR 36 assays against the three available complete genome sequences of BOMV. Only two met our in 37 silico criteria for successful detection and neither had perfect matches to the primer/probe 38 sequences. We designed five new primer sets against BOMV signatures and all had true positive 39 hits to the three BOMV genomes and no false positive hits to any other sequence. Four assays 40 are closely clustered in the nucleoprotein gene and one is located in the glycoprotein gene. 41

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

BioLaboro: A bioinformatics system for detecting molecular assay signature erosion and designing new assays in response to emerging and reemerging pathogens

Holland

Negrón

Mitchell

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Bats are also deeply involved in the ecology of FiVs (5), but their roles to maintain the circulation of FiVs remain largely unknown and therefore need further investigation. In addition, the recent discovery of novel FiVs in bats, especially in different bat species in China (11)(12)(13)(14), has added more mystery to these viruses, and has driven numerous efforts to investigate the background of FiVs in bats (15,16). Such work is critical to prevent the outbreak of, and to control, (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bats have been closely associated with FiVs; e.g., the cave-roosting R. aegyptiacus bats are considered to be natural reservoir hosts for MARV (4-6), cumulative evidence based on serological and virological detections has indicated that various bat species could play a role in the ecological circle of ebolaviruses (5,7,8), and LLOV genome has been detected in M. schreibersii bats in Spain and Hungary (9,10). In addition, a number of novel FiVs have been discovered in bats in China and Africa which are divergent enough to be candidates for new species or even genera (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Particularly in China, reservoirs (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22).…”

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confidence: 99%

Seroreactive Profiling of Filoviruses in Chinese Bats Reveals Extensive Infection of Diverse Viruses

Zhang

Wang²,

Cai

et al. 2020

J Virol

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Southern China is a hot spot of emerging infectious diseases, in which diverse species of bats dwell, a large group of flying mammals considered natural reservoirs for zoonotic viruses. Recently, divergent filoviruses (FiVs) have been identified in bats within this region, which pose a potential risk to public health, but the true infection situation in bats remains largely unclear. Here, 689 archived bat serum samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blotting, and neutralization assay to investigate the seroprevalence and cross-reactivity of four divergent FiVs and two other viruses (rabies virus and Tuhoko pararubulavirus 1) of different families within the order Mononegavirales. Results showed no cross-antigenicity between FiVs and other mononegaviruses but different cross-reactivity among the FiVs themselves. The total FiV seroreactive rate was 36.3% (250/689), with infection by the indigenous Chinese FiV DH04 or an antigenically related one being the most widely and the most highly prevalent. Further viral metagenomic analysis of fruit bat tissues also identified the gene sequence of a novel FiV. These results indicate the likely prevalence of other so far unidentified FiVs within the Chinese bat population, with frugivorous Rousettus leschenaultii and Eonycteris spelaea bats and insectivorous Myotis horsfieldii and Miniopterus schreibersii bats being their major reservoirs. IMPORTANCE Bats are natural hosts of many FiVs, from which diverse FiVs were serologically or virologically detected in Africa, Europe, and East Asia. Recently, very divergent FiVs were identified in the Chinese bat population, but their antigenic relationship with other known FiVs remains unknown. Here, we conducted serological characterization and investigation of Chinese indigenous FiVs and prototypes of other viruses in bats. Results indicated that Chinese indigenous FiVs are antigenically distant to other FiVs, and infection of novel or multiple FiVs occurred in Chinese bats, with FiV DH04 or an antigenically related one being the most widely and the most highly prevalent. Additionally, besides Rousettus leschenaultii and Eonycteris spelaea bats, the insectivorous Myotis horsfieldii and M. schreibersii bats are highly preferential hosts of FiVs. Seroreactive and viral metagenomic results indicated that more as yet unknown bat-borne FiVs circulate in Southern China, and to uncover them further, investigation and timely surveillance is needed.

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“…It was at the epicentre of the 2013-2016 Ebola outbreak and is considered one of the few African viral "hotspots" at high risk for VHF outbreaks, not only for EVD but also for MVD, LF and CCHF [10]. Recently, the region was the site of discovery of Bombali ebolavirus in bats and Lassa virus in rodents [11,12]. To identify misunderstandings, misconceptions and risk practices in HCW relating to EVD, KAP towards EVD amongst HCW have been assessed in parts of Guinea during the EVD outbreak [13][14][15]: two KAP studies conducted in Guinea's capital concluded a low knowledge, negative attitudes and practices of EVD in HCW [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards viral haemorrhagic fevers amongst healthcare workers in urban and rural public healthcare facilities in the N’zérékoré prefecture, Guinea: a cross-sectional study

Raab¹,

Pfadenhauer

Millimouno³

et al. 2020

BMC Public Health

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Background: The 2013-2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa began in Guinea's Forest region, a region now considered to be at high risk for future epidemics of viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHF). Good knowledge, attitudes and practices towards VHF amongst healthcare workers in such regions are a central pillar of infection prevention and control (IPC). To inform future training in IPC, this study assesses the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards VHF amongst healthcare workers in public healthcare facilities in the most populated prefecture in Forest Guinea, and compares results from urban and rural areas. Methods: In June and July 2019, we interviewed 102 healthcare workers in the main urban and rural public healthcare facilities in the N'zérékoré prefecture in Forest Guinea. We used an interviewer-administered questionnaire adapted from validated KAP surveys. Results: The great majority of respondents demonstrated good knowledge and favourable attitudes towards VHF. However, respondents reported some gaps in preventive practices such as VHF suspect case detection. They also reported a shortage of protective medical equipment used in everyday clinical work in both urban and rural healthcare facilities and a lack of training in IPC, especially in rural healthcare facilities. However, whether or not healthcare workers had been trained in IPC did not seem to influence their level of KAP towards VHF. Conclusions: Three years after the end of the Ebola epidemic, our findings suggest that public healthcare facilities in the N'zérékoré prefecture in Forest Guinea still lack essential protective equipment and some practical training in VHF suspect case detection. To minimize the risk of future VHF epidemics and improve management of outbreaks of infectious diseases in the region, current efforts to strengthen the public healthcare system in Guinea should encompass questions of supply and IPC training.

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Bombali Virus in Mops condylurus Bats, Guinea

Abstract: In 2018, a previously unknown Ebola virus, Bombali virus, was discovered in Sierra Leone. We describe detection of Bombali virus in Guinea. We found viral RNA in internal organs of 3 Angolan free-tailed bats ( Mops condylurus ) trapped in the city of N’Zerekore and in a nearby village.

Cited by 56 publications

References 10 publications

BioLaboro: A bioinformatics system for detecting molecular assay signature erosion and designing new assays in response to emerging and reemerging pathogens

BioLaboro: A bioinformatics system for detecting molecular assay signature erosion and designing new assays in response to emerging and reemerging pathogens

Seroreactive Profiling of Filoviruses in Chinese Bats Reveals Extensive Infection of Diverse Viruses

Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards viral haemorrhagic fevers amongst healthcare workers in urban and rural public healthcare facilities in the N’zérékoré prefecture, Guinea: a cross-sectional study

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