Bond and electrochromic properties of WO3 films deposited with horizontal DC, pulsed DC, and RF sputtering

Chen, Hsi‐Chao; Jan, Der-Jun; Chen, Chien-Han; Huang, Kuo‐How

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2013.01.094

Cited by 47 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It is observed that during the cathodic scan as the voltage is decreased, the current goes on decreasing steadily and reached a negative value corresponding to the coloration of the film. While in the reverse scan (anodic), with increasing voltage, the current goes from negative value till it reaches a maximum and then decreases close to zero corresponding to bleaching of the film [50]. The insertion or extraction of electrons and protons will alter the electronic band structure of tungsten oxide.…”

Section: Cyclic Voltammetrymentioning

confidence: 98%

Influence of Dopant Concentration on the Electrochromic Properties of Tungsten Oxide Thin Films

Meenakshi

Gowthami

Perumal

et al. 2015

Electrochimica Acta

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Section: Cyclic Voltammetrymentioning

confidence: 98%

Influence of Dopant Concentration on the Electrochromic Properties of Tungsten Oxide Thin Films

Meenakshi

Gowthami

Perumal

et al. 2015

Electrochimica Acta

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“…The optical modulation should be attributed to the electrochemical reactions on the arranged layers, which performs impedance matching and mismatching in response to Li + diffusion. A high coloration efficiency (CE) provides large optical modulation with slight variation on the ion quantities, and these are essential for longer lifetime and cycling stability 53 . The CE value for infrared wavelengths of the BMEC structure was calculated with the aid of chronoamperometry data, resulting in CE ≈ 30 cm 2 /C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the hex-valence peaks of O-W +6 -O (~780 cm −1 ) and W +6 =O (~950 cm −1 ) stretching vibrations took place for all oxygen supplied samples. 53 Particularly, these were enhanced for the Sample 2, which is assigned to the most transparent bluecolored sample before turning uncolored as in Samples 3 and 4. Annealed films have their peak intensity enhanced, especially for the W 6+ bonding in the Sample 2 (Figure 4B).…”

Section: Chemical Composition and Crystallization Investigationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A high coloration efficiency (CE) provides large optical modulation with slight variation on the ion quantities, and these are essential for longer lifetime and cycling stability. 53 The CE value for infrared wavelengths of the BMEC structure was calculated with the aid of chronoamperometry data, resulting in CE ≈ 30 cm 2 /C. The same calculations were done for CE at 650 nm based on data from Figure 8A, resulting in 20.65 cm 2 /C.…”

Section: Electrochemical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Visible‐to‐MIR broadband modulating electrochromic metal oxides‐based coating for thermal management

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

J. Am. Ceram. Soc.

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The overheating/cooling of spacecraft solar cells under the contrastive temperature variation due to solar influence leads to severe consequences on both its performance and its long‐term stability. Radiative thermal management by broadband optical modulating coating provides a versatile and effective solution for spatial environments. Here we design a visible‐to‐mid‐infrared broadband modulating metal oxide‐based electrochromic coating for spacecraft solar cell thermal management. Upon impedance matching between multilayered architecture and control of crystallinity of WO3 with optimized morphology, the final coating successfully presents reversible transition from solar transmitter and thermal emitter to heat preserving coating with infrared (IR) stealth ability. The transmission spectrum of the coating in its bleached state fits the solar spectrum curve (0.3‐1.2 μm) for photocurrent harvesting and it transmits up to 88% at 450 nm, at the solar radiation peak. The average mid‐infrared (MIR) (2‐16 μm) emissivity of the coating is 80%, with a tunability of 20% in average. The demonstrated capabilities of broadband modulating electrochromic coating are highly promising for solar cell thermoregulation in space or terrestrial environments and also for IR‐stealth applications in the defense sector.

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“…When the duration and number of positive voltage pulses are sufficient to create electric current, the target surface is bombarded with ions, and when the voltage becomes negative, the incoming ions are repelled. Chen [ 126 , 127 ] investigated WO 3 films deposited by pulsed magnetron sputtering at a constant frequency of 70 kHz; the O 2 /Ar ratio was reported to vary from 0.2 to 1.0.…”

Section: Wo 3 Film Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief Overview of Electrochromic Materials and Related Devices: A Nanostructured Materials Perspective

et al. 2021

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Exactly 50 years ago, the first article on electrochromism was published. Today electrochromic materials are highly popular in various devices. Interest in nanostructured electrochromic and nanocomposite organic/inorganic nanostructured electrochromic materials has increased in the last decade. These materials can enhance the electrochemical and electrochromic properties of devices related to them. This article describes electrochromic materials, proposes their classification and systematization for organic inorganic and nanostructured electrochromic materials, identifies their advantages and shortcomings, analyzes current tendencies in the development of nanomaterials used in electrochromic coatings (films) and their practical use in various optical devices for protection from light radiation, in particular, their use as light filters and light modulators for optoelectronic devices, as well as methods for their preparation. The modern technologies of “Smart Windows”, which are based on chromogenic materials and liquid crystals, are analyzed, and their advantages and disadvantages are also given. Various types of chromogenic materials are presented, examples of which include photochromic, thermochromic and gasochromic materials, as well as the main physical effects affecting changes in their optical properties. Additionally, this study describes electrochromic technologies based on WO3 films prepared by different methods, such as electrochemical deposition, magnetron sputtering, spray pyrolysis, sol–gel, etc. An example of an electrochromic “Smart Window” based on WO3 is shown in the article. A modern analysis of electrochromic devices based on nanostructured materials used in various applications is presented. The paper discusses the causes of internal and external size effects in the process of modifying WO3 electrochromic films using nanomaterials, in particular, GO/rGO nanomaterials.

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Bond and electrochromic properties of WO3 films deposited with horizontal DC, pulsed DC, and RF sputtering

Cited by 47 publications

References 19 publications

Influence of Dopant Concentration on the Electrochromic Properties of Tungsten Oxide Thin Films

Influence of Dopant Concentration on the Electrochromic Properties of Tungsten Oxide Thin Films

Visible‐to‐MIR broadband modulating electrochromic metal oxides‐based coating for thermal management

A Brief Overview of Electrochromic Materials and Related Devices: A Nanostructured Materials Perspective

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