Bond-order soliton associated with a ring-torsion soliton in PNB and its IRAV mode

Kinetic Mass of RT-BO Defect States in a Pernigraniline-Base Polymer

“…This E g is consistent with the 2.3 eV intensive peak of absorption in the PNB polymer [11], and a quantum-chemistry calculation [6] supports the angles. With the parameter set, we have got numerical solutions of the BO relaxation fujg and RT relaxation fYjg for charged Bo±RT polarons and BO±RT solitons through the self-consistent variational calculations [8,9].…”

“…The extended GE model contains BO as well as RT order parameters. With the model, we have self-consistently got an RT±BO polaron state [8] and an RT±BO soliton state [9]. In this paper, we rigorously calculated the effective mass of the coupled RT±BO defects in PNB and investigated possible influences of the defects on the conducting properties of the polymer.…”

Free-End Boundary Condition and Exciton of an Emeraldine-Base Polymer

“…Baranowski et al extended this model by introducing an acoustic phonon term [4]. In the framework of the Baranowski-Bü ttner-Voit (BBV) model, Liu and Wu focused on the PNB polymer and brought forth some new concepts, such as combined solitons and combined polarons [5][6][7].…”

Long-Range Exciton in a PNB Polymer and Its Responses to Electrostatic Fields

“…Baranowski et al [6] (BBV) extended the model by introducing an acoustic phonon term. In the framework of the extended GE model, Liu and Wu [7][8][9] focused on the PNB polymer and presented some new concepts, such as combined solitons and combined polarons. All the work is based on the Born-Karman condition.…”